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... that adaptation cannot be studied in itself as a decision variable, let alone in a suboptimal setting. To be able to better understand the role and importance of adapting, an economic assessment of the costs and benefits of adaptation, by making adaptation explicit in IAMs, is essential. In this con ...
... that adaptation cannot be studied in itself as a decision variable, let alone in a suboptimal setting. To be able to better understand the role and importance of adapting, an economic assessment of the costs and benefits of adaptation, by making adaptation explicit in IAMs, is essential. In this con ...
ESCC Hub Research Plan Version 2 (2016)
... of Meteorology, was funded under the ACCSP (and its predecessors) since 1989, with existing research activity in the above programmes continuing until contracts with the Bureau and CSIRO end on 30 June 2016. The funding “profile” in this research plan reflects the wind-down of the ACCSP and ramp-up ...
... of Meteorology, was funded under the ACCSP (and its predecessors) since 1989, with existing research activity in the above programmes continuing until contracts with the Bureau and CSIRO end on 30 June 2016. The funding “profile” in this research plan reflects the wind-down of the ACCSP and ramp-up ...
Discursive Constructions of Climate Change Engagement
... face when they are striving address climate change. This study contributes to previous literature on corporate sustainability and climate change by using discourse analysis to examine climate change engagement in business organisations. Business organisations and managers are vital leaders in provid ...
... face when they are striving address climate change. This study contributes to previous literature on corporate sustainability and climate change by using discourse analysis to examine climate change engagement in business organisations. Business organisations and managers are vital leaders in provid ...
challenges of hydrological analysis for water resources
... Figure 3.2 Catchments of the Karun1 and Dez dams in the Karun River basin generated by BTOPMC in 5 km spatial resolution. ............................ 33! Figure 3.3 Simulation results at the Karun1 dam site during the calibration period of 2000-2002. ................................................ ...
... Figure 3.2 Catchments of the Karun1 and Dez dams in the Karun River basin generated by BTOPMC in 5 km spatial resolution. ............................ 33! Figure 3.3 Simulation results at the Karun1 dam site during the calibration period of 2000-2002. ................................................ ...
Indicators of the impact of Climate Change on Migratory Species
... in the observed changes is now clearer than ever. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report concludes that most of the observed increase in global temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely (i.e. more than 90% chance) due to the human-induced increase in greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. ...
... in the observed changes is now clearer than ever. The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report concludes that most of the observed increase in global temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely (i.e. more than 90% chance) due to the human-induced increase in greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
... The following symbols have been used in this study: A full stop (.) is used to indicate decimals n.a. is used to indicate that data are not available The use of a hyphen (-) between years, for example, 2010-2019, signifies an annual average for the calendar years involved, including the beginning an ...
... The following symbols have been used in this study: A full stop (.) is used to indicate decimals n.a. is used to indicate that data are not available The use of a hyphen (-) between years, for example, 2010-2019, signifies an annual average for the calendar years involved, including the beginning an ...
global climate change as seen by zoo and aquarium visitors
... Reaching 175 million visitors annually [2], institutions accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) are well positioned to play an important role in climate change education. Zoo and aquarium visits have been demonstrated to strengthen visitors’ connections to nature, reinforce visito ...
... Reaching 175 million visitors annually [2], institutions accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) are well positioned to play an important role in climate change education. Zoo and aquarium visits have been demonstrated to strengthen visitors’ connections to nature, reinforce visito ...
Coastal Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerabilities
... Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, including anticipatory, autonomous, and planned adaptation: • Anticipatory adaptation – Adaptation that takes place before impacts of climate change are observed. Also referred to as proactive adaptation. • Autonomous adaptation – Adaptation that d ...
... Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, including anticipatory, autonomous, and planned adaptation: • Anticipatory adaptation – Adaptation that takes place before impacts of climate change are observed. Also referred to as proactive adaptation. • Autonomous adaptation – Adaptation that d ...
Scanning the Conservation Horizon
... various aspects of climate projections and vulnerability assessments, we provide specific guidance on understanding, addressing, and documenting uncertainty. Finally, climate change is not occurring in a vacuum, and assessments must be carried out in the context of existing stresses on our species a ...
... various aspects of climate projections and vulnerability assessments, we provide specific guidance on understanding, addressing, and documenting uncertainty. Finally, climate change is not occurring in a vacuum, and assessments must be carried out in the context of existing stresses on our species a ...
Scanning the Conservation Horizon
... various aspects of climate projections and vulnerability assessments, we provide specific guidance on understanding, addressing, and documenting uncertainty. Finally, climate change is not occurring in a vacuum, and assessments must be carried out in the context of existing stresses on our species a ...
... various aspects of climate projections and vulnerability assessments, we provide specific guidance on understanding, addressing, and documenting uncertainty. Finally, climate change is not occurring in a vacuum, and assessments must be carried out in the context of existing stresses on our species a ...
Assessing the Determinants Facilitating Local Vulnerabilities and
... of governance and policy, the realities of climate change are experienced at the local scale. Effective adaptation measures must therefore be commensurate with local resources, needs and objectives while remaining aligned with larger decision-making efforts. The impacts of climate change are heterog ...
... of governance and policy, the realities of climate change are experienced at the local scale. Effective adaptation measures must therefore be commensurate with local resources, needs and objectives while remaining aligned with larger decision-making efforts. The impacts of climate change are heterog ...
Improving runoff estimates from regional climate models: a
... using RCMs or obtained applying climate formulas (such as those based on the aridity index; Arora, 2002), which give surface runoff variables on an annual time scale. In this regard, it is noteworthy that numerous studies have highlighted the calculation of the mean annual surface runoff using a non ...
... using RCMs or obtained applying climate formulas (such as those based on the aridity index; Arora, 2002), which give surface runoff variables on an annual time scale. In this regard, it is noteworthy that numerous studies have highlighted the calculation of the mean annual surface runoff using a non ...
BASE Evaluation Criteria for Climate Adaptation (BECCA)
... adaptation at the level of specific activities that are the focus of adaptation cases . This also means considering the context specificity of adaptation and also policy coherence in the way it is experienced at ‘street’ and/or actor level. Criteria must be chosen based on the relationship between p ...
... adaptation at the level of specific activities that are the focus of adaptation cases . This also means considering the context specificity of adaptation and also policy coherence in the way it is experienced at ‘street’ and/or actor level. Criteria must be chosen based on the relationship between p ...
Zero poverty, zero emissions - Overseas Development Institute
... Avoiding surpassing 2oC will require zero net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions—deep decarbonisation, with any residual emissions offset by GHGs removed from the atmosphere—before the century’s end. This too will require prompt, global action: achieving zero net emissions before 2100 will necessitate p ...
... Avoiding surpassing 2oC will require zero net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions—deep decarbonisation, with any residual emissions offset by GHGs removed from the atmosphere—before the century’s end. This too will require prompt, global action: achieving zero net emissions before 2100 will necessitate p ...
Turkey`s National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy and
... is that we will continue to experience for hundreds of years, the effects of climate change caused by human - induced greenhouse gases and that remain in the atmosphere for long years. The impacts of these changes occurring in our old world affect our country like all other countries. Therefore while ...
... is that we will continue to experience for hundreds of years, the effects of climate change caused by human - induced greenhouse gases and that remain in the atmosphere for long years. The impacts of these changes occurring in our old world affect our country like all other countries. Therefore while ...
The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on US Transportation
... education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate profe ...
... education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate profe ...
Assessing an IPCC Assessment: An Analysis of Statements on Projected Regional Impacts in the 2007 Report
... The IPCC Working Group II Report focuses on climate impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. It was found that, in the IPCC’s highest level summary, the conclusions that were derived from the regional chapters of the Working Group II contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report single out examples of ...
... The IPCC Working Group II Report focuses on climate impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. It was found that, in the IPCC’s highest level summary, the conclusions that were derived from the regional chapters of the Working Group II contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report single out examples of ...
Abrupt climate change as an important agent of ecological change... Northeast U.S. throughout the past 15,000 years
... The application of these results to ecology and conservation can be enhanced, however, by increasing knowledge about the processes involved in the vegetation response to abrupt and short-lived (100–500 yr) climate changes. The northeastern U.S. is an ideal location for examining the possible effects ...
... The application of these results to ecology and conservation can be enhanced, however, by increasing knowledge about the processes involved in the vegetation response to abrupt and short-lived (100–500 yr) climate changes. The northeastern U.S. is an ideal location for examining the possible effects ...
English
... warmer latitudes, are the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Their populations are expected to be among the first that will need to adapt to climate change or even abandon their traditional homeland and relocate. Unless we act now, climate change will constitute a major barrie ...
... warmer latitudes, are the most vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Their populations are expected to be among the first that will need to adapt to climate change or even abandon their traditional homeland and relocate. Unless we act now, climate change will constitute a major barrie ...
Saltwater Intrusion and Climate Change
... In coastal areas, fresh groundwater from inland sources mixes with saline (salty) groundwater originating beneath the ocean floor. The boundary between fresh groundwater and saline groundwater does not always remain in the same place and can often shift inland or seaward, depending on the conditions ...
... In coastal areas, fresh groundwater from inland sources mixes with saline (salty) groundwater originating beneath the ocean floor. The boundary between fresh groundwater and saline groundwater does not always remain in the same place and can often shift inland or seaward, depending on the conditions ...
Rising Waters Confab
... overtop and engulf the island, eroding the beaches, but maybe also piling debris to add to that five feet of internal height. As a barrier island, Captiva will tend to change form and migrate under natural conditions, probably moving toward the mainland shore. This may happen in any event but there ...
... overtop and engulf the island, eroding the beaches, but maybe also piling debris to add to that five feet of internal height. As a barrier island, Captiva will tend to change form and migrate under natural conditions, probably moving toward the mainland shore. This may happen in any event but there ...
shaping our future
... Third sector foreword The future is what we make it. The third sector provides the voice for society’s ambitions about the kind of world we want to live in, and has been the engine of progressive change. We secured the right to vote for women, and have won many battles in the struggle for equality ...
... Third sector foreword The future is what we make it. The third sector provides the voice for society’s ambitions about the kind of world we want to live in, and has been the engine of progressive change. We secured the right to vote for women, and have won many battles in the struggle for equality ...
Assessing and Enhancing Adaptive Capacity
... conditions or the loss of other species, although the loss of keystone species may have dramatic implications for the survival of ecosystems. Ecosystems that are geographically constrained will be less able to adapt to change than those that have space to migrate with shifts in climatic zones. Migra ...
... conditions or the loss of other species, although the loss of keystone species may have dramatic implications for the survival of ecosystems. Ecosystems that are geographically constrained will be less able to adapt to change than those that have space to migrate with shifts in climatic zones. Migra ...
Climate change in the United States
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/U.S._Temperature_Record_(1950_to_2009)_(PNG).png?width=300)
Because of global warming, there has been concern in the United States and internationally, that the country should reduce total greenhouse gas which is relatively high per capita.In 2012, the United States experienced its warmest year on record. As of 2012, the thirteen warmest years for the entire planet have all occurred since 1998, transcending those from 1880.From 1950 to 2009, the American government's surface temperature record shows an increase by 1 °F (0.56 °C), approximately. Global warming has caused many changes in the U.S. According to a 2009 statement by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), trends include lake and river ice melting earlier in the spring, plants blooming earlier, multiple animal species shifting their habitat ranges northward, and reductions in the size of glaciers.Predicting future climate changes are fraught with difficultly. Some research has warned against possible problems due to American climate changes such as the spread of invasive species and possibilities of floods as well as droughts. Changes in climate in the regions of the United States appear significant. Drought conditions appear to be worsening in the southwest while improving in the northeast for example.President Barack Obama committed in the December 2009 Copenhagen Climate Change Summit to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the range of 17% below 2005 levels by 2020, 42% below 2005 levels by 2030, and 83% below 2005 levels by 2050. In an address towards the U.S. Congress in June 2013, Obama detailed a specific action plan to achieve the 17% carbon emissions cut from 2005 by 2020. He included such measures as shifting from coal-based power generation to solar and natural gas production.