International Polar Year Canadian Science Report: Highlights
... bromine levels. But the evidence was conflicting: ozone was not always destroyed in the presence of very high bromine levels. Scientists are also unsure whether or how these events may be linked to either high pressure systems or temperature. Another Canadian IPY project, Intercontinental Atmospheri ...
... bromine levels. But the evidence was conflicting: ozone was not always destroyed in the presence of very high bromine levels. Scientists are also unsure whether or how these events may be linked to either high pressure systems or temperature. Another Canadian IPY project, Intercontinental Atmospheri ...
On the relationship between metrics to compare greenhouse gases
... this feature later on in the paper and see how it results from the fact that the gases have significantly shorter and longer perturbation life times than CO2 . The estimates for the IGTP/GWP ratios as a function of the time horizon, H , for CH4 , N2 O and SF6 with CO2 as the reference gas, can be se ...
... this feature later on in the paper and see how it results from the fact that the gases have significantly shorter and longer perturbation life times than CO2 . The estimates for the IGTP/GWP ratios as a function of the time horizon, H , for CH4 , N2 O and SF6 with CO2 as the reference gas, can be se ...
Climate change in Australia | Rangelands cluster report
... periods: the near future 2020–2039 (herein referred to as 2030) and late in the century 2080–2099 (herein referred to as 2090). The spread of model results are presented as the range between the 10th and 90th percentile in the CMIP5 ensemble output. For each time period, the model spread can be attr ...
... periods: the near future 2020–2039 (herein referred to as 2030) and late in the century 2080–2099 (herein referred to as 2090). The spread of model results are presented as the range between the 10th and 90th percentile in the CMIP5 ensemble output. For each time period, the model spread can be attr ...
Student Sheet 1.2: Where on Earth?
... Background: The most dangerous part of a hurricane is the storm surge that forms on the water of the ocean or other body of water, such as a nearby lake. Low air pressure at the center of the hurricane draws water up into a hill that is higher than sea level, and hurricane winds push the hill of wat ...
... Background: The most dangerous part of a hurricane is the storm surge that forms on the water of the ocean or other body of water, such as a nearby lake. Low air pressure at the center of the hurricane draws water up into a hill that is higher than sea level, and hurricane winds push the hill of wat ...
Impacts of climate change on the worldTs most exceptional ecoregions
... rarity, and their representation of biomes (16). However, the majority of these regions are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation, with 147 of 185 terrestrial and freshwater regions being classified as either vulnerable or critically endangered (CE) (16). Exposure of these ecoreg ...
... rarity, and their representation of biomes (16). However, the majority of these regions are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation, with 147 of 185 terrestrial and freshwater regions being classified as either vulnerable or critically endangered (CE) (16). Exposure of these ecoreg ...
Impact of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
... Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) [Taylor et al., 2012]. In particular, we analyze standardized simulations in which the atmospheric concentration of CO2 is instantaneously quadrupled (4 × CO2 ) from its initial preindustrial value and then held fixed, providing a source of constant forcing for ...
... Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) [Taylor et al., 2012]. In particular, we analyze standardized simulations in which the atmospheric concentration of CO2 is instantaneously quadrupled (4 × CO2 ) from its initial preindustrial value and then held fixed, providing a source of constant forcing for ...
IPCC reasons for concern regarding climate change risks
... and likelihood of extremes of temperature and precipitation. The choice is subjective due to the paucity of literature projecting the impacts of changes in heat extremes. By about 2035 (during which time the increase in model-averaged and scenario-averaged GMT remains below ~1.6 °C), 25–30% of daily ...
... and likelihood of extremes of temperature and precipitation. The choice is subjective due to the paucity of literature projecting the impacts of changes in heat extremes. By about 2035 (during which time the increase in model-averaged and scenario-averaged GMT remains below ~1.6 °C), 25–30% of daily ...
Young People`s Burden: Requirement of Negative CO2 Emissions
... 0.18°C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding +1.25°C relative to 1880-1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slo ...
... 0.18°C/decade, with the current annual temperature exceeding +1.25°C relative to 1880-1920. Global temperature has just reached a level similar to the mean level in the prior interglacial (Eemian) period, when sea level was several meters higher than today, and, if it long remains at this level, slo ...
California Climate Extremes Workshop Report Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, CA
... more intense and frequent, especially along the coast. More humid nighttime heat waves and the higher ozone production that generally accompanies heat waves are likely to affect Californians’ health. Natural ecosystems and current strains of crops such as corn, soybeans, and cotton are sensitive to ...
... more intense and frequent, especially along the coast. More humid nighttime heat waves and the higher ozone production that generally accompanies heat waves are likely to affect Californians’ health. Natural ecosystems and current strains of crops such as corn, soybeans, and cotton are sensitive to ...
The greenhouse effect and terrestrial ecosystems of the
... Figure 4. A simple global carbon budget. Note that most of the numbers given here are known only approximately ...
... Figure 4. A simple global carbon budget. Note that most of the numbers given here are known only approximately ...
Plankton dynamics under different climatic conditions in space and
... that are already receiving a considerable amount of precipitation, for example eastern parts of North and South America, northern Europe and northern and central Asia (Trenberth et al., 2007). In contrast, during the last century, historically low precipitation areas, such as the Mediterranean, sout ...
... that are already receiving a considerable amount of precipitation, for example eastern parts of North and South America, northern Europe and northern and central Asia (Trenberth et al., 2007). In contrast, during the last century, historically low precipitation areas, such as the Mediterranean, sout ...
Spring 2008 Summary
... associated with warmer temperatures, melting ice, and increased surface moisture available for evaporation can help explain the large increase in extreme precipitation here. However, there are other areas on the map, such as parts of the equator and southern hemisphere mid-latitudes that show preci ...
... associated with warmer temperatures, melting ice, and increased surface moisture available for evaporation can help explain the large increase in extreme precipitation here. However, there are other areas on the map, such as parts of the equator and southern hemisphere mid-latitudes that show preci ...
The benefits of recent warming for maize production in high latitude
... temperature was constant since 1980 (Table S3). To understand how farmers adapted to warming, we first consider changes in maize varieties since 1980s. The GDD for maize varieties adopted by farmers increased by 85–178 consistently in 1st to 4th zones, which agreed well with the GDDavailable in theo ...
... temperature was constant since 1980 (Table S3). To understand how farmers adapted to warming, we first consider changes in maize varieties since 1980s. The GDD for maize varieties adopted by farmers increased by 85–178 consistently in 1st to 4th zones, which agreed well with the GDDavailable in theo ...
Temperature-induced mismatches between
... metabolism, consumption, growth, and reproduction. Here we combine the metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) with metabolism and consumption measurements of a model organism, the urchin Lytechinus variegatus, to test how climate change will affect consumer fitness. Unexpectedly, we found that metabolism ...
... metabolism, consumption, growth, and reproduction. Here we combine the metabolic theory of ecology (MTE) with metabolism and consumption measurements of a model organism, the urchin Lytechinus variegatus, to test how climate change will affect consumer fitness. Unexpectedly, we found that metabolism ...
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... mullet, red shrimp and sardine for the Western Mediterranean Sea; and finally the Baltic Sea is not covered. In the Western Mediterranean the species considered represent a percentage between 85% (France and Spain) and 40% (Italy) of total value of landings, while in the North Sea area they range be ...
... mullet, red shrimp and sardine for the Western Mediterranean Sea; and finally the Baltic Sea is not covered. In the Western Mediterranean the species considered represent a percentage between 85% (France and Spain) and 40% (Italy) of total value of landings, while in the North Sea area they range be ...
Physical impacts of climate change
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This article is about the physical impacts of climate change. For some of these physical impacts, their effect on social and economic systems are also described.