On Assessing the Relative Roles of Initial and Boundary Conditions
... There is no indication of any second kind predictability at lead times of less that 20 years for North Atlantic SSTs nor for NINO3 SSTs. The climate change signal is more likely to emerge on global scales because of the “noise” being reduced relative to the “signal” by spatial averaging (Stott and T ...
... There is no indication of any second kind predictability at lead times of less that 20 years for North Atlantic SSTs nor for NINO3 SSTs. The climate change signal is more likely to emerge on global scales because of the “noise” being reduced relative to the “signal” by spatial averaging (Stott and T ...
Implications for the Success of Adaptation and Coping Strategies
... while a few success stories exist, in general “this mitigation measure has proven to be less successful, costly, and economically, politically, and socially insensitive” (ADPC, 2005, 100). It is also not the only type of policy to help people adapt to the threat of climate change, and climate variab ...
... while a few success stories exist, in general “this mitigation measure has proven to be less successful, costly, and economically, politically, and socially insensitive” (ADPC, 2005, 100). It is also not the only type of policy to help people adapt to the threat of climate change, and climate variab ...
The Climate Beta
... that “those states in which the global temperature increase is particularly high are also ones in which we are on average richer in the future.” That is, suppose that the only source of uncertainty is exogenous emissions-neutral technological progress, which determines economic growth. In this conte ...
... that “those states in which the global temperature increase is particularly high are also ones in which we are on average richer in the future.” That is, suppose that the only source of uncertainty is exogenous emissions-neutral technological progress, which determines economic growth. In this conte ...
Frequency of wet and dry soil conditions in Tasmanian beef and
... in climate results in different patterns of pasture production which needs to be managed to meet feed demands on extensive livestock farm systems (beef and sheep farms). In recent decades, south eastern Australia has experienced a decline in total annual rainfall (Australian Bureau of Meteorology 20 ...
... in climate results in different patterns of pasture production which needs to be managed to meet feed demands on extensive livestock farm systems (beef and sheep farms). In recent decades, south eastern Australia has experienced a decline in total annual rainfall (Australian Bureau of Meteorology 20 ...
Challenges and Opportunities in Water Cycle Research: WCRP
... been an increase overall in land precipitation (Fig. 2). The two wettest years are 2010 and 2011. In particular, major flooding in Pakistan, Australia, and Colombia was associated with record high sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the second half of 2010 into 2011 (Trenberth 2012) and led to a dram ...
... been an increase overall in land precipitation (Fig. 2). The two wettest years are 2010 and 2011. In particular, major flooding in Pakistan, Australia, and Colombia was associated with record high sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the second half of 2010 into 2011 (Trenberth 2012) and led to a dram ...
Challenges and Opportunities in Water Cycle Research
... been an increase overall in land precipitation (Fig. 2). The two wettest years are 2010 and 2011. In particular, major flooding in Pakistan, Australia, and Colombia was associated with record high sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the second half of 2010 into 2011 (Trenberth 2012) and led to a dram ...
... been an increase overall in land precipitation (Fig. 2). The two wettest years are 2010 and 2011. In particular, major flooding in Pakistan, Australia, and Colombia was associated with record high sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the second half of 2010 into 2011 (Trenberth 2012) and led to a dram ...
Overlooked and Neglected Issues in Climate Change Studies: The Need for a
... the most influential scientists on the environment for many years now. Everything he's writing has to be taken very seriously. It's not just some 'Doomsday' prediction. I think this is really meant as a wake-up call - among the many scenarios about the future of the planet. If we do not really fight ...
... the most influential scientists on the environment for many years now. Everything he's writing has to be taken very seriously. It's not just some 'Doomsday' prediction. I think this is really meant as a wake-up call - among the many scenarios about the future of the planet. If we do not really fight ...
Summary for Policymakers - Climate Change Reconsidered
... • Over recent geological time, Earth’s temperature has fluctuated naturally between about +4°C and -6°C with respect to twentieth century temperature. A warming of 2°C above today, should it occur, falls within the bounds of natural variability. • Though a future warming of 2°C would cause geographi ...
... • Over recent geological time, Earth’s temperature has fluctuated naturally between about +4°C and -6°C with respect to twentieth century temperature. A warming of 2°C above today, should it occur, falls within the bounds of natural variability. • Though a future warming of 2°C would cause geographi ...
future sediment delivery to the Carlisle urban area
... with inertia (Bates et al., 2010) • 2D channel and ...
... with inertia (Bates et al., 2010) • 2D channel and ...
Public perceptions of unusually warm weather in the UK: impacts
... In the questionnaire, we sought to better understand how the general public: • experience periods of unusually warm weather in their everyday life, • perceive nationwide impacts of recent seasonal extremes, • modify their short- and long-term behaviour as a result of such extremes, with respect to b ...
... In the questionnaire, we sought to better understand how the general public: • experience periods of unusually warm weather in their everyday life, • perceive nationwide impacts of recent seasonal extremes, • modify their short- and long-term behaviour as a result of such extremes, with respect to b ...
PDF
... policy is integrated with optimal climate change and air pollution policy, the world’s oil reserves will not be depleted, at least not before our modeling horizon well into the 22nd century: total cumulative demand for oil then decreases by about 20%. More generally, we demonstrate that there are mu ...
... policy is integrated with optimal climate change and air pollution policy, the world’s oil reserves will not be depleted, at least not before our modeling horizon well into the 22nd century: total cumulative demand for oil then decreases by about 20%. More generally, we demonstrate that there are mu ...
Against the Grain: The United States and the Global Climate
... and the fear that these may try to erode US sovereignty. The US has a long history of spurning international institutions and agreements, including those that it helped to create, once these appear to be developing a momentum of their own that might not entirely support US policies or that might imp ...
... and the fear that these may try to erode US sovereignty. The US has a long history of spurning international institutions and agreements, including those that it helped to create, once these appear to be developing a momentum of their own that might not entirely support US policies or that might imp ...
Lake Baikal as possible sentinel of the Climate Change
... Abstract: Now it is relatively well known – what changes must have place in the lakes if the Global Change is real. There must be increase of surface temperature, more expressed and longer direct stratification, shorter period of ice cover and other hydrological changes. Among biological changes the ...
... Abstract: Now it is relatively well known – what changes must have place in the lakes if the Global Change is real. There must be increase of surface temperature, more expressed and longer direct stratification, shorter period of ice cover and other hydrological changes. Among biological changes the ...
Presentation by Rita van Dingenen, joint IES/JRC
... European Commission, JRC-IES Ispra (I), *JRC-IPTS Seville (E) ...
... European Commission, JRC-IES Ispra (I), *JRC-IPTS Seville (E) ...
Multilateral Climate Change Mitigation
... ice at an alarming rate of fifty cubic kilometers a year. 26 A rise in this rate will significantly increase sea levels. According to Hansen, "[w] e are getting dangerously close to the tipping point for the Arctic, as summer sea ice has already decreased about 25% since the late 1970s."27 He calls ...
... ice at an alarming rate of fifty cubic kilometers a year. 26 A rise in this rate will significantly increase sea levels. According to Hansen, "[w] e are getting dangerously close to the tipping point for the Arctic, as summer sea ice has already decreased about 25% since the late 1970s."27 He calls ...
PDF
... carrying capacity implies some limits on population. While there has been extensive debate over the extent to which human ingenuity and technology can stretch these limits, there is now a broad consensus that continued rapid growth in population will be damaging both to the planetary environment and ...
... carrying capacity implies some limits on population. While there has been extensive debate over the extent to which human ingenuity and technology can stretch these limits, there is now a broad consensus that continued rapid growth in population will be damaging both to the planetary environment and ...
Curriculum Vitae: Lisa Goddard
... Goddard, L., A. Kumar, A. G. Barnston and M. P. Hoerling. 2006. Diagnosis of anomalous winter temperatures over the eastern United States during the 2002/03 El Niño. J. Climate, 19: 5624-5636. Goddard, L. and M. Dilley, 2006. Reply to Comments on “El Niño: Catastrophe or Opportunity”. J. Climate, 19 ...
... Goddard, L., A. Kumar, A. G. Barnston and M. P. Hoerling. 2006. Diagnosis of anomalous winter temperatures over the eastern United States during the 2002/03 El Niño. J. Climate, 19: 5624-5636. Goddard, L. and M. Dilley, 2006. Reply to Comments on “El Niño: Catastrophe or Opportunity”. J. Climate, 19 ...
Forecasting the End of Climate Change Litigation: Why Expert
... is often vigorously disputed, the resulting damage is virtually uncontested. One apparent adverse consequence of climate change9 is rising sea levels.10 The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC)11 has noted that “[o]bservations since 1961 show that the average temperature of the global oc ...
... is often vigorously disputed, the resulting damage is virtually uncontested. One apparent adverse consequence of climate change9 is rising sea levels.10 The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC)11 has noted that “[o]bservations since 1961 show that the average temperature of the global oc ...
as a PDF
... Climate change is a serious issue with global causes and global consequences, a reality the human race is now beginning to realise as an immediate threat to the continued success of society. Fossil fuel sourced carbon dioxide emissions are ever increasing, as are global temperature averages, polar i ...
... Climate change is a serious issue with global causes and global consequences, a reality the human race is now beginning to realise as an immediate threat to the continued success of society. Fossil fuel sourced carbon dioxide emissions are ever increasing, as are global temperature averages, polar i ...
atmosphere usd 2005 - University of San Diego Home Pages
... …long-range transboundary air pollution…having effects at such a distance that..it is generally not possible to distinguish the contributions of individual emission sources or groups of sources…. Damage to (art 1a): ….health, property, living resources,ecosystems… ...
... …long-range transboundary air pollution…having effects at such a distance that..it is generally not possible to distinguish the contributions of individual emission sources or groups of sources…. Damage to (art 1a): ….health, property, living resources,ecosystems… ...
Individual consumers and climate change: searching for a new moral compass - Working Paper 81 (358 kB) (opens in new window)
... she doesn’t know what to believe. He proposes that, in some circumstances, the first two types of ignorance may be excusable; the third type, he argues, is never excusable. To illustrate, consider the example of Tom, who lives in the 1950s, has bought a car, and drives it around. He is completely i ...
... she doesn’t know what to believe. He proposes that, in some circumstances, the first two types of ignorance may be excusable; the third type, he argues, is never excusable. To illustrate, consider the example of Tom, who lives in the 1950s, has bought a car, and drives it around. He is completely i ...
glaciers - Cambio Climático Bolivia
... dangerously with the global climate system. • Political consensus: 2 degrees C as a limit • Reality: This is no more possible („warming in the ...
... dangerously with the global climate system. • Political consensus: 2 degrees C as a limit • Reality: This is no more possible („warming in the ...