Risk of ruin paper - Institute and Faculty of Actuaries
... IPCC (2007) is a survey of existing literature – it deals with what is known and considered to be most likely to happen. For example sea level rises are projected to rise between 0.18 and 0.58m by 2099. IPCC (2007a) then goes on to say “Models used to date do not include uncertainties in climate-ca ...
... IPCC (2007) is a survey of existing literature – it deals with what is known and considered to be most likely to happen. For example sea level rises are projected to rise between 0.18 and 0.58m by 2099. IPCC (2007a) then goes on to say “Models used to date do not include uncertainties in climate-ca ...
1 - Utrecht University Repository
... is projected for each basin except for the UIB, where projections of precipitation change show opposite signs. For the river basins with significant contribution of glacier melt to total flow, the future evolution of the glacier cover is crucial. Observed glacier changes are not uniform in the regio ...
... is projected for each basin except for the UIB, where projections of precipitation change show opposite signs. For the river basins with significant contribution of glacier melt to total flow, the future evolution of the glacier cover is crucial. Observed glacier changes are not uniform in the regio ...
The Impact of Climate Change and Climate Variability on Haze Occurrences in Malaysia/Southeast Asia
... 2. Haze episodes in the Southeast Asia region There have been several haze episodes since the early 1980s including 1982/83, 1987, 1991, 1994, 1997, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006 and this year’s 2009 episode (e.g. Nicol 1997; Heil and Goldammer 2001). Field et al. (2009) described the occurrence of haze ep ...
... 2. Haze episodes in the Southeast Asia region There have been several haze episodes since the early 1980s including 1982/83, 1987, 1991, 1994, 1997, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006 and this year’s 2009 episode (e.g. Nicol 1997; Heil and Goldammer 2001). Field et al. (2009) described the occurrence of haze ep ...
“Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability
... Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change, a situation aggravated by the interaction of multiple stresses, occurring at various levels, and low adaptive capacity. The South African Risk and Vulnerability Atlas project is a flagship scienceinto-policy initiat ...
... Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change, a situation aggravated by the interaction of multiple stresses, occurring at various levels, and low adaptive capacity. The South African Risk and Vulnerability Atlas project is a flagship scienceinto-policy initiat ...
Environmentally Induced Population Displacements
... the availability of alternative responses. In terms of international displacements, the percentage of the population affected may be a better predictor than the absolute numbers. The reasoning is that the higher the percentage affected, the more likely the national coping capacities will be overwhel ...
... the availability of alternative responses. In terms of international displacements, the percentage of the population affected may be a better predictor than the absolute numbers. The reasoning is that the higher the percentage affected, the more likely the national coping capacities will be overwhel ...
Slide 1
... yesterday. At least for the time being, an ice-free patch of ocean about a mile wide has opened at the very top of the world, something that has presumably never before been seen by humans and is more evidence that global warming may be real and already affecting climate. ...
... yesterday. At least for the time being, an ice-free patch of ocean about a mile wide has opened at the very top of the world, something that has presumably never before been seen by humans and is more evidence that global warming may be real and already affecting climate. ...
Projection of Effects of Climate Change on Rice Yield and Keys to
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that global temperature rise since the mid-20th century is most likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, and the global warming is projected to have significant impacts on agricultural pro ...
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that global temperature rise since the mid-20th century is most likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, and the global warming is projected to have significant impacts on agricultural pro ...
Sustainable Harvests: how investing in agriculture can help farmers
... This type of sustainable transition in agriculture is also possible in other parts of the world, with the support of key investments. Agriculture and the environment share an important interactive relationship. Farmers everywhere depend on sufficient water, healthy soils, biodiversity and favourable ...
... This type of sustainable transition in agriculture is also possible in other parts of the world, with the support of key investments. Agriculture and the environment share an important interactive relationship. Farmers everywhere depend on sufficient water, healthy soils, biodiversity and favourable ...
Official PDF , 34 pages
... 2. History of Monsoon Floods in Bangladesh At present, Bangladesh faces serious flooding that may submerge over 60% of the country every 4 to 5 years (GoB, 2009). Flooding in Bangladesh is a result of a complex set of factors. Most of Bangladesh is located in the delta of three large rivers, the Ga ...
... 2. History of Monsoon Floods in Bangladesh At present, Bangladesh faces serious flooding that may submerge over 60% of the country every 4 to 5 years (GoB, 2009). Flooding in Bangladesh is a result of a complex set of factors. Most of Bangladesh is located in the delta of three large rivers, the Ga ...
Overlooked Science Issues in Climate Change
... mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require summing asymmetric uncertainty estimates from the component terms, a ...
... mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). The net anthropogenic radiative forcing and its range are also shown. These require summing asymmetric uncertainty estimates from the component terms, a ...
Earth System interactions
... assessments of a wider range of environmental impacts of climate change. Representing processes with higher resolution will also reduce important uncertainties in climate change projections. To achieve this necessary progress on both complexity and resolution, we propose a strengthened collaboration ...
... assessments of a wider range of environmental impacts of climate change. Representing processes with higher resolution will also reduce important uncertainties in climate change projections. To achieve this necessary progress on both complexity and resolution, we propose a strengthened collaboration ...
How do recent population trends matter to climate change?
... nearly certain (98% confidence level) (Houghton, Callander and Varney 1992). Furthermore, most of the warming is very likely due to greenhouse gas emissions—with a confidence level of greater than 90% (Parry et al. 2007). The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report provides for the first time concrete observa ...
... nearly certain (98% confidence level) (Houghton, Callander and Varney 1992). Furthermore, most of the warming is very likely due to greenhouse gas emissions—with a confidence level of greater than 90% (Parry et al. 2007). The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report provides for the first time concrete observa ...
Significant Climate Mitigation Is Available from Bio
... could store up to 9.5 [GtC or 34.83 GtCO2-eq.] per year—more than emitted by all of today’s fossilfuel use,” which is 8.4 GtC or 30.8 GtCO2-eq.2 Such soil sequestration schemes have the potential to be implemented quickly and at scale in developing countries.3 Bio-char application to soil also reduc ...
... could store up to 9.5 [GtC or 34.83 GtCO2-eq.] per year—more than emitted by all of today’s fossilfuel use,” which is 8.4 GtC or 30.8 GtCO2-eq.2 Such soil sequestration schemes have the potential to be implemented quickly and at scale in developing countries.3 Bio-char application to soil also reduc ...
climate change and emissions pathways
... within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, ensure that food production is not threatened, and enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner (ref. 1 and www.unfccc.de). Thus, DAI may be characterized in terms of the consequences (or impact ...
... within a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, ensure that food production is not threatened, and enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner (ref. 1 and www.unfccc.de). Thus, DAI may be characterized in terms of the consequences (or impact ...
Climate Change and Democratisation
... understanding of politics inside countries is needed if negotiations between countries are to produce a viable, new international climate change regime. A coda (chapter 7) concludes by pleading for a better informed and more globally inclusive debate about the national as well as international poli ...
... understanding of politics inside countries is needed if negotiations between countries are to produce a viable, new international climate change regime. A coda (chapter 7) concludes by pleading for a better informed and more globally inclusive debate about the national as well as international poli ...
Submission DR134 - Chairman of the Australian Building Codes
... The ABCB Climate Adaptation Report contains other recommendations for possible adaptation measures for other climate risks. These will be considered in the context of the ABCB’s annual work plan as discussed below. Whatever the emission scenario, climate change impacts both at a regional level in Au ...
... The ABCB Climate Adaptation Report contains other recommendations for possible adaptation measures for other climate risks. These will be considered in the context of the ABCB’s annual work plan as discussed below. Whatever the emission scenario, climate change impacts both at a regional level in Au ...
From the report accepted by Working Group I
... by changes in the composition of the atmosphere are much more predictable than individual weather events. As an example, while we cannot predict the outcome of a single coin toss or roll of the dice, we can predict the statistical behaviour of a large number of such trials. While many factors contin ...
... by changes in the composition of the atmosphere are much more predictable than individual weather events. As an example, while we cannot predict the outcome of a single coin toss or roll of the dice, we can predict the statistical behaviour of a large number of such trials. While many factors contin ...
The Relevance of the No-Harm Principle to Climate Change Law
... context of climate change. In particular, it appears that the remedial obligation of responsible states does not necessarily consist in full compensation, although it certainly demands at the very least a clear acknowledgment of the wrongdoing. This nuanced interpretation, supported by a doctrinal r ...
... context of climate change. In particular, it appears that the remedial obligation of responsible states does not necessarily consist in full compensation, although it certainly demands at the very least a clear acknowledgment of the wrongdoing. This nuanced interpretation, supported by a doctrinal r ...
Miller-vita-short web version-2016 - UCAR Staff
... Tyedmers, 2001. The 1999 Pacific Salmon Agreement: A Sustainable Solution? Canadian – American Public Policy Occasional Paper, No. 47. Canadian – American Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME. Cohen, S.J. and K.A. Miller (Coordinating Lead Authors), 2001. “North America,” Ch.15, pp.733-800 in Clim ...
... Tyedmers, 2001. The 1999 Pacific Salmon Agreement: A Sustainable Solution? Canadian – American Public Policy Occasional Paper, No. 47. Canadian – American Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME. Cohen, S.J. and K.A. Miller (Coordinating Lead Authors), 2001. “North America,” Ch.15, pp.733-800 in Clim ...
Document
... Shipping was estimated to have emitted 3.3% of the global emissions during 2007. International shipping was estimated to have emitted 870 million tonnes, or about 2.7% of the global emissions in 2007. Carbon dioxide is the most important GHG emitted by ships. A significant potential for redu ...
... Shipping was estimated to have emitted 3.3% of the global emissions during 2007. International shipping was estimated to have emitted 870 million tonnes, or about 2.7% of the global emissions in 2007. Carbon dioxide is the most important GHG emitted by ships. A significant potential for redu ...
Use and Misuse of the IUCN Red List Criteria in Projecting Climate
... the future (IUCN 2001). Several studies arbitrarily change this time scale. For example, Thomas et al. (2004) use time scales of 50 years (for CR and EN) and 100 years (for VU) to assess declines in future ranges of species, stating that the original timescales "are not suited to evaluate the conse ...
... the future (IUCN 2001). Several studies arbitrarily change this time scale. For example, Thomas et al. (2004) use time scales of 50 years (for CR and EN) and 100 years (for VU) to assess declines in future ranges of species, stating that the original timescales "are not suited to evaluate the conse ...
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Nunavut Setting the
... institutions will collaborate to expand the inventory of climate change-related research and to establish a community of practice for knowledge transfer to assist jurisdictions on climate change adaptation. In their 2008 Conference Statement, the Arctic Council asked governments in the Arctic region ...
... institutions will collaborate to expand the inventory of climate change-related research and to establish a community of practice for knowledge transfer to assist jurisdictions on climate change adaptation. In their 2008 Conference Statement, the Arctic Council asked governments in the Arctic region ...
Annual Report 2016 - National Center for Science Education
... the first nationally representative survey of science educators to focus on climate change. (The full report, “Mixed Messages: How Climate Change is Taught in America’s Public Schools” is available at http://ncse.com/files/MixedMessages.pdf.) The survey investigated: ...
... the first nationally representative survey of science educators to focus on climate change. (The full report, “Mixed Messages: How Climate Change is Taught in America’s Public Schools” is available at http://ncse.com/files/MixedMessages.pdf.) The survey investigated: ...
Draft Interim Climate Change Guidelines
... design flood or make the decision based on ARR Book II and flood estimation approaches. Otherwise, proceed to Step 2. 2. Set the Design Standard. If the standard is the Probable Maximum Flood, use the latest available estimate of Probable Maximum Precipitation from the Bureau of Meteorology. Otherwi ...
... design flood or make the decision based on ARR Book II and flood estimation approaches. Otherwise, proceed to Step 2. 2. Set the Design Standard. If the standard is the Probable Maximum Flood, use the latest available estimate of Probable Maximum Precipitation from the Bureau of Meteorology. Otherwi ...