All developing countries where there is any ability to measure
... Equity - - regarding developing countries. They point out that: it was the industrialized countries, not they, who created the problem of Global Climate Change (having contributed only about 20 percent of the carbon dioxide that has accumulated in the atmosphere from industrial activity over the pas ...
... Equity - - regarding developing countries. They point out that: it was the industrialized countries, not they, who created the problem of Global Climate Change (having contributed only about 20 percent of the carbon dioxide that has accumulated in the atmosphere from industrial activity over the pas ...
How the Great Barrier Reef and its industries can adapt to climate
... impacts or improve our lives. We want to identify and avoid these kinds of ‘limited’ adaptation strategies. Instead, we want to follow adaptation strategies that our experiences so far suggest are actually effective and will continue to be in the future. These kinds of strategies are referred to her ...
... impacts or improve our lives. We want to identify and avoid these kinds of ‘limited’ adaptation strategies. Instead, we want to follow adaptation strategies that our experiences so far suggest are actually effective and will continue to be in the future. These kinds of strategies are referred to her ...
The global warming hiatus: Slowdown or redistribution?
... it has been shown that most observational decadal-scale upper-ocean (above 700 m) temperature trends since the 1990s are robust signals using different types of error analysis [Nieves et al., 2015], the variable quality of the subsurface ocean measurements through the entire water column is a factor ...
... it has been shown that most observational decadal-scale upper-ocean (above 700 m) temperature trends since the 1990s are robust signals using different types of error analysis [Nieves et al., 2015], the variable quality of the subsurface ocean measurements through the entire water column is a factor ...
1.1.3 Coral Reef Analysis and Monitoring in Eight
... Build Capacity to Effectively Access and Utilize Resources to Reduce Vulnerability to Climate Change (Transfer and Share Risk) The objective of this component is to build regional capacity (through the CCCCC) to help guide the development and implementation of climate change strategies for all count ...
... Build Capacity to Effectively Access and Utilize Resources to Reduce Vulnerability to Climate Change (Transfer and Share Risk) The objective of this component is to build regional capacity (through the CCCCC) to help guide the development and implementation of climate change strategies for all count ...
Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion Early effects on
... The World Health Organization was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Nations serving as the directing and coordinating authority for international health matters and public health. One of WHO’s constitutional functions is to provide objective and reliable information and advi ...
... The World Health Organization was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Nations serving as the directing and coordinating authority for international health matters and public health. One of WHO’s constitutional functions is to provide objective and reliable information and advi ...
ALBEDO ENHANCEMENT BY STRATOSPHERIC SULFUR
... The albedo modification scheme presented here has been discussed before, however, without linking opposite climate warming and improved air quality considerations. Instead of sulfur, it has also been proposed to launch reflecting small balloons or mirrors, or to add highly reflective nano-particles ...
... The albedo modification scheme presented here has been discussed before, however, without linking opposite climate warming and improved air quality considerations. Instead of sulfur, it has also been proposed to launch reflecting small balloons or mirrors, or to add highly reflective nano-particles ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PRESERVING THE OCEAN
... collapse). This circulation system now warms north-western Europe and transports carbon dioxide to the deep oceans. The posited collapse of this system could produce severe cooling in north-western Europe, even when general global warming is in progress. In this paper we use a simple integrated asse ...
... collapse). This circulation system now warms north-western Europe and transports carbon dioxide to the deep oceans. The posited collapse of this system could produce severe cooling in north-western Europe, even when general global warming is in progress. In this paper we use a simple integrated asse ...
Assessing Climate Change Risks and Opportunities for Investors
... Heat stress in the mining industry has been a formally recognized issue of concern for over one hundred years. It reduces productivity, increases poor decision making and risks of accidents, and heat related strokes.5 Once temperatures and humidity levels pass a threshold, the core heat of our bodie ...
... Heat stress in the mining industry has been a formally recognized issue of concern for over one hundred years. It reduces productivity, increases poor decision making and risks of accidents, and heat related strokes.5 Once temperatures and humidity levels pass a threshold, the core heat of our bodie ...
The effects of climate change in the Netherlands
... Economic effects on agriculture cannot be demonstrated as yet. However, there are signs that the risks of agricultural damage are increasing (water logging, droughts, insects). Effects on other economic sectors are at present limited to an increase in the demand for water in dry periods, cooling wat ...
... Economic effects on agriculture cannot be demonstrated as yet. However, there are signs that the risks of agricultural damage are increasing (water logging, droughts, insects). Effects on other economic sectors are at present limited to an increase in the demand for water in dry periods, cooling wat ...
1 - State of the Environment South Africa
... The general assumption is that population size impacts not only on the amount of natural goods consumed, but also the volumes of waste generated. This is though further driven by dynamics within that population. In South Africa while population growth is slowing, the numbers of households are increa ...
... The general assumption is that population size impacts not only on the amount of natural goods consumed, but also the volumes of waste generated. This is though further driven by dynamics within that population. In South Africa while population growth is slowing, the numbers of households are increa ...
3. STRAW MAN 1: A PRELIMINARY VIEW OF THE TROPICAL
... early Paleogene tropical climate. Rather, these cruises returned to answer questions that have plagued the early Paleogene community for almost two decades. It is important to note that climate models themselves have evolved recently. We can now make predictions that are entirely independent of clim ...
... early Paleogene tropical climate. Rather, these cruises returned to answer questions that have plagued the early Paleogene community for almost two decades. It is important to note that climate models themselves have evolved recently. We can now make predictions that are entirely independent of clim ...
The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change
... must be done carefully due to the complexity of the issues, and the results must be carefully weighed. Science does not advance through “consensus,” but rather by scientists repeatedly testing current hypotheses and proposing new ones. In the case of global warming, much of the science is so new tha ...
... must be done carefully due to the complexity of the issues, and the results must be carefully weighed. Science does not advance through “consensus,” but rather by scientists repeatedly testing current hypotheses and proposing new ones. In the case of global warming, much of the science is so new tha ...
The Hamburg Climate Action Plan
... goes far beyond the perspectives of Hamburg itself, presenting people and projects from the whole of Europe to promote environmental and climate protection. A series of “Green Capital Dialogues” are tale place in Hamburg to present ideas for the city of the future. They invite citizens, experts and ...
... goes far beyond the perspectives of Hamburg itself, presenting people and projects from the whole of Europe to promote environmental and climate protection. A series of “Green Capital Dialogues” are tale place in Hamburg to present ideas for the city of the future. They invite citizens, experts and ...
Quantifying climate change induced effects upon glaciers and their
... alpine glaciers will be shrinking (Beniston et al., 2014), it is vital to find a predictive model where the use of water by different services that often have competing interests will have to be decided. Global mountain glaciers provide 50% of the freshwater supply, essential for human needs. In add ...
... alpine glaciers will be shrinking (Beniston et al., 2014), it is vital to find a predictive model where the use of water by different services that often have competing interests will have to be decided. Global mountain glaciers provide 50% of the freshwater supply, essential for human needs. In add ...
Going Global - The George Wright Society
... • Developing and implementing tools to identify benefits from protected areas to help mitigate and adapt to climate change • Developing guidance for governments in incorporating protected areas into national climate change strategies and action plans • Promoting the Natural Solutions: Protected area ...
... • Developing and implementing tools to identify benefits from protected areas to help mitigate and adapt to climate change • Developing guidance for governments in incorporating protected areas into national climate change strategies and action plans • Promoting the Natural Solutions: Protected area ...
Differences between carbon budget estimates
... anthropogenic CO2 emissions, typically 1000 PgC. The IPCC AR5 assessed TCRE to fall ‘likely’ (i.e. with greater than 66% probability17) between 0.8 to 2.5°C per 1000 PgC for cumulative CO2 emissions less than about 2000 PgC and until the time at which temperature peaks. The constancy of TCRE means t ...
... anthropogenic CO2 emissions, typically 1000 PgC. The IPCC AR5 assessed TCRE to fall ‘likely’ (i.e. with greater than 66% probability17) between 0.8 to 2.5°C per 1000 PgC for cumulative CO2 emissions less than about 2000 PgC and until the time at which temperature peaks. The constancy of TCRE means t ...
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on
... force (refer to paragraph 4.8), each Annex I Party's carbon dioxide emissions and its percentage of the total carbon dioxide emissions of all Annex I Parties in 1990 are assessed. Each Annex I Party's greenhouse gases emissions, in carbon dioxide equivalent amount, is used to calculate the assigned ...
... force (refer to paragraph 4.8), each Annex I Party's carbon dioxide emissions and its percentage of the total carbon dioxide emissions of all Annex I Parties in 1990 are assessed. Each Annex I Party's greenhouse gases emissions, in carbon dioxide equivalent amount, is used to calculate the assigned ...
Climate change policy in the United Kingdom (opens in new window)
... Climate-change policy in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom started to pursue policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at a relatively early date and now has a comprehensive set of measures in place. It has set clear targets for emission reductions consistent with international goals of limiti ...
... Climate-change policy in the United Kingdom The United Kingdom started to pursue policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at a relatively early date and now has a comprehensive set of measures in place. It has set clear targets for emission reductions consistent with international goals of limiti ...
Increasing River Discharge to the Arctic Ocean
... largest Eurasian arctic rivers alone would increase by 0.01 to 0.04 sverdrup (315 to 1260 km3/year) by 2100. This would represent an 18 to 70% increase in Eurasian arctic river discharge over present conditions. A comparable increase in Eurasian arctic river discharge (⬃35%) has been predicted by th ...
... largest Eurasian arctic rivers alone would increase by 0.01 to 0.04 sverdrup (315 to 1260 km3/year) by 2100. This would represent an 18 to 70% increase in Eurasian arctic river discharge over present conditions. A comparable increase in Eurasian arctic river discharge (⬃35%) has been predicted by th ...
Climate Variability and Change with Implications for Transportation
... change mainly impact transportation through changes in extreme conditions. Two important long-term weather or climate conditions which have impacts on transportation are drought which adversely affects river barge traffic due to low water conditions and changes in Arctic sea ice conditions that may ...
... change mainly impact transportation through changes in extreme conditions. Two important long-term weather or climate conditions which have impacts on transportation are drought which adversely affects river barge traffic due to low water conditions and changes in Arctic sea ice conditions that may ...
Greenhouse effect: Who has the answers?
... “The problem is global and needs to be solved globally. There is no use one nation acting unilaterally, that country will only harm its own economy. The coal industry is important to Australia. It is a major export industry and most of our power stations are coal-fired. “Australia’s contribution to ...
... “The problem is global and needs to be solved globally. There is no use one nation acting unilaterally, that country will only harm its own economy. The coal industry is important to Australia. It is a major export industry and most of our power stations are coal-fired. “Australia’s contribution to ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
... strengths and its usefulness depends on the specific adaptation process and the stakeholders involved. Because of the uncertainties associated with some adaptation options, it is also important to build flexibility and ‘learning-by-doing’ approach into decisions. Generally speaking, options can incl ...
... strengths and its usefulness depends on the specific adaptation process and the stakeholders involved. Because of the uncertainties associated with some adaptation options, it is also important to build flexibility and ‘learning-by-doing’ approach into decisions. Generally speaking, options can incl ...
OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050
... • Impacts of economic/population trends on the environment if we do not introduce more ambitious policies to better manage natural assets. • It then examines some of the policies that could change that picture for the better. • Focuses on four urgent areas: climate change, biodiversity, water, the h ...
... • Impacts of economic/population trends on the environment if we do not introduce more ambitious policies to better manage natural assets. • It then examines some of the policies that could change that picture for the better. • Focuses on four urgent areas: climate change, biodiversity, water, the h ...
Targeting deforestation rates in climate change policy: a
... preserved forest within their national boundary. They must further outline the deforestation pathway that ensures the preservation of that forest amount. In order to sell carbon credits at full market value a country would have to meet two objectives: 1) deforestation rates must be declining, and 2) ...
... preserved forest within their national boundary. They must further outline the deforestation pathway that ensures the preservation of that forest amount. In order to sell carbon credits at full market value a country would have to meet two objectives: 1) deforestation rates must be declining, and 2) ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
... strengths and its usefulness depends on the specific adaptation process and the stakeholders involved. Because of the uncertainties associated with some adaptation options, it is also important to build flexibility and ‘learning-by-doing’ approach into decisions. Generally speaking, options can incl ...
... strengths and its usefulness depends on the specific adaptation process and the stakeholders involved. Because of the uncertainties associated with some adaptation options, it is also important to build flexibility and ‘learning-by-doing’ approach into decisions. Generally speaking, options can incl ...