LCCARL394_en.pdf
... The present report has used information on historic and future Caribbean climate data to calculate that the Caribbean tourism climatic index (TCI) ranges from −20 (impossible) to +100 (ideal). In addition to projections for the Caribbean, the report has produced TCI projections for the New York City ...
... The present report has used information on historic and future Caribbean climate data to calculate that the Caribbean tourism climatic index (TCI) ranges from −20 (impossible) to +100 (ideal). In addition to projections for the Caribbean, the report has produced TCI projections for the New York City ...
How to engage with National Adaptation Plans Guidance for National Red Cross and
... the Red Cross Red Crescent? Through their work with local communities, National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies today are increasingly confronted with rising weather variability and an ever increasing number of both small-scale and extreme weather events. While National Red Cross and Red Cresce ...
... the Red Cross Red Crescent? Through their work with local communities, National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies today are increasingly confronted with rising weather variability and an ever increasing number of both small-scale and extreme weather events. While National Red Cross and Red Cresce ...
Observed Climate Variations and Change
... Hemispheres. A cooling of the Northern Hemisphere occurred between the 1940s and the early 1970s, while Southern Hemisphere temperatures remained nearly constant from the 1940s to about 1970. Since 1970 in the Southern Hemisphere and 1975 in the Northern Hemisphere, a more general warming has been o ...
... Hemispheres. A cooling of the Northern Hemisphere occurred between the 1940s and the early 1970s, while Southern Hemisphere temperatures remained nearly constant from the 1940s to about 1970. Since 1970 in the Southern Hemisphere and 1975 in the Northern Hemisphere, a more general warming has been o ...
The risks of relying on tomorrow`s `negative emissions` to guide
... emissions options, insofar as they rely on biological carbon fixation, are inherently landintensive. This means they would take up large amounts of land that might otherwise be used for agriculture, or be left wild. There is thus no guarantee that it will be possible to deploy them at large enough s ...
... emissions options, insofar as they rely on biological carbon fixation, are inherently landintensive. This means they would take up large amounts of land that might otherwise be used for agriculture, or be left wild. There is thus no guarantee that it will be possible to deploy them at large enough s ...
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... 1996a]. The model is sensitive to CO2 concentration because of the responses of NPP and stomatal conductance to CO2 and the differential effects of CO2 on the NPP of C3 and C4 plants. [8] To identify the biome for a given grid cell, the model ranks the tree and nontree PFTs that were calculated for ...
... 1996a]. The model is sensitive to CO2 concentration because of the responses of NPP and stomatal conductance to CO2 and the differential effects of CO2 on the NPP of C3 and C4 plants. [8] To identify the biome for a given grid cell, the model ranks the tree and nontree PFTs that were calculated for ...
1.5.5.1 OSPAR climate request - The Quality Status Report 2010
... environment relationships of marine ecosystems, we are still unable to partition causality between oceanographic conditions and other agents for change at the level of the individual taxon. It is likely this will remain the case even with better data and more in-depth analyses. Therefore, the precau ...
... environment relationships of marine ecosystems, we are still unable to partition causality between oceanographic conditions and other agents for change at the level of the individual taxon. It is likely this will remain the case even with better data and more in-depth analyses. Therefore, the precau ...
implications for ecosystem function and structure
... environmental changes continue to affect forest ecosystems, species-specific strategies and responses to changes in the N cycle may become increasingly important in determining plant–soil interactions, forest species composition and the associated long-term feedbacks to the climate system. Models th ...
... environmental changes continue to affect forest ecosystems, species-specific strategies and responses to changes in the N cycle may become increasingly important in determining plant–soil interactions, forest species composition and the associated long-term feedbacks to the climate system. Models th ...
Groundwater and climate change
... n use regional and global networks to improve the capacity to manage groundwater resources. GRAPHIC improves understanding of how groundwater interacts within the global water cycle, supports ecosystems and humankind and, in turn, responds to complex and coupled pressures of human activities and cl ...
... n use regional and global networks to improve the capacity to manage groundwater resources. GRAPHIC improves understanding of how groundwater interacts within the global water cycle, supports ecosystems and humankind and, in turn, responds to complex and coupled pressures of human activities and cl ...
Defeating Kyoto: The Conservative Movement`s Impact on U.S.
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
Defeating Kyoto: The Conservative Movement`s Impact
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
Atmospheric Science
... elements, synoptic charts, analysis of surface and upper air charts, stream-lines, isotachs and contour analysis; tilt and slope of pressure/weather systems with height. Synoptic weather forecasting: prediction of weather elements such as rain, maximum and minimum temperature and fog; hazardous weat ...
... elements, synoptic charts, analysis of surface and upper air charts, stream-lines, isotachs and contour analysis; tilt and slope of pressure/weather systems with height. Synoptic weather forecasting: prediction of weather elements such as rain, maximum and minimum temperature and fog; hazardous weat ...
Assessing potential climate change effects on loblolly pine growth: A
... Individual-based forest growth (gap) models such as FORET, FORENA and ZELIG have been used to predict changes in forest type throughout the eastern USA; the use of this type of model to assess climate change effects has been reviewed by Shugart et al. (1992). In general, this type of model is most u ...
... Individual-based forest growth (gap) models such as FORET, FORENA and ZELIG have been used to predict changes in forest type throughout the eastern USA; the use of this type of model to assess climate change effects has been reviewed by Shugart et al. (1992). In general, this type of model is most u ...
Background Paper Nansen Initiative South Asian Regional
... South Asia faces a wide variety of natural hazards and experiences numerous disasters annually that have been steadily increasing in number over recent decades.16 The annual monsoon season, with its associated storms and cyclones, produces the most significant hazards in the region. In fact, of the ...
... South Asia faces a wide variety of natural hazards and experiences numerous disasters annually that have been steadily increasing in number over recent decades.16 The annual monsoon season, with its associated storms and cyclones, produces the most significant hazards in the region. In fact, of the ...
Integration_of_Inter..
... Working paper n° A36-WP/235-EX/76 presented by China at the 36th Session of ICAO Assembly : « According to UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol, emissions trading can be only applied to UNFCCC Annex I countries. In addition, such “cap and trading” mechanism is unfair to developing countries’ air transport ...
... Working paper n° A36-WP/235-EX/76 presented by China at the 36th Session of ICAO Assembly : « According to UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol, emissions trading can be only applied to UNFCCC Annex I countries. In addition, such “cap and trading” mechanism is unfair to developing countries’ air transport ...
Indian Ocean Territory Climate Change Risk Assessment
... The capacity of an organisation or system to moderate the risks of climate change, or to realise benefits, through changes in its characteristics or behaviour. Adaptive capacity can be an inherent property or it could have been developed as a result of previous policy, planning or design decisions o ...
... The capacity of an organisation or system to moderate the risks of climate change, or to realise benefits, through changes in its characteristics or behaviour. Adaptive capacity can be an inherent property or it could have been developed as a result of previous policy, planning or design decisions o ...
Physical and chemical consequences of artificially deepened
... experiment. The model simulations assuming several climate change scenarios indicated large increases in the whole-lake monthly mean temperature (+1.4–4.4 ◦ C in April–October for the A2 scenario), and shortening of the length of the ice covered period by 56–89 days. The thermocline manipulation res ...
... experiment. The model simulations assuming several climate change scenarios indicated large increases in the whole-lake monthly mean temperature (+1.4–4.4 ◦ C in April–October for the A2 scenario), and shortening of the length of the ice covered period by 56–89 days. The thermocline manipulation res ...
Should we believe model predictions of future climate
... environmental conditions (type of tree, water availability, light availability, temperature, nutrients, competing plants, etc.). For the parts of the model governed by fundamental equations (e.g. the equations of motion), increased computational capacity and thus finer resolution will improve the sim ...
... environmental conditions (type of tree, water availability, light availability, temperature, nutrients, competing plants, etc.). For the parts of the model governed by fundamental equations (e.g. the equations of motion), increased computational capacity and thus finer resolution will improve the sim ...
Climate Change Impact on Public Health in the Russian Arctic
... Climate change increases health risks and mortality on days with unusually high or low temperatures. It also increases mortality and injuries resulting from floods, storms and other weather events. Weather events also indirectly affect health through worsened living conditions, including loss of hou ...
... Climate change increases health risks and mortality on days with unusually high or low temperatures. It also increases mortality and injuries resulting from floods, storms and other weather events. Weather events also indirectly affect health through worsened living conditions, including loss of hou ...
Background Paper
... South Asia faces a wide variety of natural hazards and experiences numerous disasters annually that have been steadily increasing in number over recent decades.16 The annual monsoon season, with its associated storms and cyclones, produces the most significant hazards in the region. In fact, of the ...
... South Asia faces a wide variety of natural hazards and experiences numerous disasters annually that have been steadily increasing in number over recent decades.16 The annual monsoon season, with its associated storms and cyclones, produces the most significant hazards in the region. In fact, of the ...
Report
... warming. The Earth’s climate system is dynamic, containing a number of processes that help maintain equilibrium. There may be a GHG concentration threshold point beyond which the climate’s equilibrium will be lost (IPCC, 2007). Climate change effects, such as GHGs released from melting permafrost an ...
... warming. The Earth’s climate system is dynamic, containing a number of processes that help maintain equilibrium. There may be a GHG concentration threshold point beyond which the climate’s equilibrium will be lost (IPCC, 2007). Climate change effects, such as GHGs released from melting permafrost an ...
FACING UNCERTAINTY: the value of climate information for
... 2035) and long term (out to 2100 and beyond) across countries, regions, continents and the world. Climate projections are developed by considering different scenarios of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions are linked to human activities such as burning of petroleum products, activities whi ...
... 2035) and long term (out to 2100 and beyond) across countries, regions, continents and the world. Climate projections are developed by considering different scenarios of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. GHG emissions are linked to human activities such as burning of petroleum products, activities whi ...
Feedback Dynamics, Sensitivity - Apollo-Gaia
... value of climate sensitivity. The limitations of the piecemeal modelling approach are noted. An alternative, observation-based, analysis of the Earth System Sensitivity is presented using five independent disciplines grounded in the paleological data. The approaches converge to provide a value of 7. ...
... value of climate sensitivity. The limitations of the piecemeal modelling approach are noted. An alternative, observation-based, analysis of the Earth System Sensitivity is presented using five independent disciplines grounded in the paleological data. The approaches converge to provide a value of 7. ...
Net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems in China
... climate changes projected by three atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs): Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL) and Oregon State University (OSU). For contemporary climate at 312.5 ppmv CO2, TEM estimates that China has an annual NPP of 3,653 ...
... climate changes projected by three atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs): Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL) and Oregon State University (OSU). For contemporary climate at 312.5 ppmv CO2, TEM estimates that China has an annual NPP of 3,653 ...
CIRCE urban heat island simulations
... model the influence of urban areas on the climate is negligible, and has generally been ignored within the climate change modelling community. However, the ever increasing resolution of limitedarea regional climate models are now achieving spatial resolution equivalent to the size of some cities. Ur ...
... model the influence of urban areas on the climate is negligible, and has generally been ignored within the climate change modelling community. However, the ever increasing resolution of limitedarea regional climate models are now achieving spatial resolution equivalent to the size of some cities. Ur ...