The Effects of Climate Change and Variation in New Zealand
... CLIMPACTS system), M. Camillieri and J. de Ruiter. In addition, there have been a number of external individuals and organisations, while not formally part of CLIMPACTS, have graciously contributed their time, ideas, models and/or data to its development, including: T.M.L. Wigley (National Centre fo ...
... CLIMPACTS system), M. Camillieri and J. de Ruiter. In addition, there have been a number of external individuals and organisations, while not formally part of CLIMPACTS, have graciously contributed their time, ideas, models and/or data to its development, including: T.M.L. Wigley (National Centre fo ...
Climate Sensitivity - Home page 350.me.uk
... The temperature increase believed to have occurred in the past 130 years (approximately 0.5OC) is also found to imply a climate sensitivity of 2.5-5OC f o r doubled C 0 2 (f = 2-41. if (1) the temperature increase is due to the added greenhouse gases, ( 2 ) the 1850 C 0 2 abundance was 270210 ppm, a ...
... The temperature increase believed to have occurred in the past 130 years (approximately 0.5OC) is also found to imply a climate sensitivity of 2.5-5OC f o r doubled C 0 2 (f = 2-41. if (1) the temperature increase is due to the added greenhouse gases, ( 2 ) the 1850 C 0 2 abundance was 270210 ppm, a ...
Predicting survival, reproduction and abundance of polar bears
... et al., 2007). Variability in predictive sea ice models exist but it is possible that the Arctic Ocean will be ice-free in summer by the middle to the end of the 21st century (Holland et al., 2006; Zhang and Walsh, 2006; Serreze et al., 2007; Boé et al., 2009). Among the most vulnerable to these war ...
... et al., 2007). Variability in predictive sea ice models exist but it is possible that the Arctic Ocean will be ice-free in summer by the middle to the end of the 21st century (Holland et al., 2006; Zhang and Walsh, 2006; Serreze et al., 2007; Boé et al., 2009). Among the most vulnerable to these war ...
21st Century Reversal of the Surface Ozone Seasonal Cycle over
... Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Climate change penalty predominantly affects surface O3 during the photochemically active season, May-September, in regions with sufficiently high anthropogenic NOx emissions ...
... Feb Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Climate change penalty predominantly affects surface O3 during the photochemically active season, May-September, in regions with sufficiently high anthropogenic NOx emissions ...
Coastal Zones and Marine Ecosystems
... Recent investigations have shown that there has been a general warming of a large part of the world ocean during the past 50 years (Levitus et al., 2000). Analysis of historical SST data by Cane et al. (1997) shows an overall increase associated with land-based global temperature trends. Regional di ...
... Recent investigations have shown that there has been a general warming of a large part of the world ocean during the past 50 years (Levitus et al., 2000). Analysis of historical SST data by Cane et al. (1997) shows an overall increase associated with land-based global temperature trends. Regional di ...
Republic of Gambia, Initial National Communication
... Approach in the Mitigation Assessment 3.2.1: Stakeholder consultation and desk review of literature 3.2.2: In-depth analysis of options and project ideas Summary of the Analyzed Projects 3.3.1: Displacement of diesel generator by solar home system 3.3.2: Greenhouse gas abatement using improved cooki ...
... Approach in the Mitigation Assessment 3.2.1: Stakeholder consultation and desk review of literature 3.2.2: In-depth analysis of options and project ideas Summary of the Analyzed Projects 3.3.1: Displacement of diesel generator by solar home system 3.3.2: Greenhouse gas abatement using improved cooki ...
Evidence of a shift in the cyclicity of Antarctic seabird dynamics
... Southern Ocean has been suggested during the late 1970s (Masson-Delmotte et al. 2003; Weimerskirch et al. 2003) affecting the entire ecosystem (Reid & Croxall 2001; Weimerskirch et al. 2003). The consequences of this complex set of environmental variabilities on the biological patterns and processes ...
... Southern Ocean has been suggested during the late 1970s (Masson-Delmotte et al. 2003; Weimerskirch et al. 2003) affecting the entire ecosystem (Reid & Croxall 2001; Weimerskirch et al. 2003). The consequences of this complex set of environmental variabilities on the biological patterns and processes ...
Climate Variability and Urbanization in Athens
... all around and its level is 70 meters higher than the valley ¯oor and is only 5 km from the coast. The effect refers mainly to maximum temperature time series than in minimum temperature ones. In conclusion and in order to restore the NOA's series, the following should be taken into account: At the ...
... all around and its level is 70 meters higher than the valley ¯oor and is only 5 km from the coast. The effect refers mainly to maximum temperature time series than in minimum temperature ones. In conclusion and in order to restore the NOA's series, the following should be taken into account: At the ...
Adaption to climate-related changes in seagrass ecosystems in
... eutrophication and sedimentation caused by poor farming and forestry practices, and destructive fshing methods such as bottom trawling [Waycott et al, 2009]. These pressures are expected to become greater due to the effects of climate change, with an increase in both rainfall and the frequency of ex ...
... eutrophication and sedimentation caused by poor farming and forestry practices, and destructive fshing methods such as bottom trawling [Waycott et al, 2009]. These pressures are expected to become greater due to the effects of climate change, with an increase in both rainfall and the frequency of ex ...
City of Thunder Bay Climate Adaptation Strategy - Climate
... The impacts of climate change have been recognized as an important issue in Canada, Ontario, the Great Lakes Region, and for the City of Thunder Bay. Ontario’s Great Lakes Strategy (2012) lists climate change as one of the main challenges facing the cities in the Great Lakes basin4 and the Governmen ...
... The impacts of climate change have been recognized as an important issue in Canada, Ontario, the Great Lakes Region, and for the City of Thunder Bay. Ontario’s Great Lakes Strategy (2012) lists climate change as one of the main challenges facing the cities in the Great Lakes basin4 and the Governmen ...
global warming - Libertarian Alliance
... (2) The snow and ice fields of the Antarctic reflect more than threequarters of incoming solar radiation, whereas the earth as a whole absorbs three-quarters of it. (3) The Southern Hemisphere is mostly water. Therefore, warming due to greenhouse-enhancement should be less in the Southern Hemisphere ...
... (2) The snow and ice fields of the Antarctic reflect more than threequarters of incoming solar radiation, whereas the earth as a whole absorbs three-quarters of it. (3) The Southern Hemisphere is mostly water. Therefore, warming due to greenhouse-enhancement should be less in the Southern Hemisphere ...
Divest DU Report - University of Denver
... this planet.” Rebecca Tarbotton While our state is famous for our rugged outdoor environments, our local ecosystems are extremely fragile. According to a recent report commissioned by the Colorado Energy Office (as part of a requirement of HB 13-1293), Colorado will need to endure more frequent and ...
... this planet.” Rebecca Tarbotton While our state is famous for our rugged outdoor environments, our local ecosystems are extremely fragile. According to a recent report commissioned by the Colorado Energy Office (as part of a requirement of HB 13-1293), Colorado will need to endure more frequent and ...
- Macquarie University ResearchOnline
... 21 ka) and middle Holocene (MH, ca. 6,000 years ago, 6 ka) have been the main target periods for the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP http://pmip2. lsce.ipsl.fr/) and continue to be important standard benchmarks for model evaluation in the current phase of this project (Otto-Bli ...
... 21 ka) and middle Holocene (MH, ca. 6,000 years ago, 6 ka) have been the main target periods for the Palaeoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP http://pmip2. lsce.ipsl.fr/) and continue to be important standard benchmarks for model evaluation in the current phase of this project (Otto-Bli ...
Adapting to Climate Change: Challenges for
... precipitation will come in intense rainfall, which causes water to run off into streams and other watercourses, rather than filter through the ground. This is likely to increase the stress on those groundwater supplies. Some rural residents may experience shortages. ...
... precipitation will come in intense rainfall, which causes water to run off into streams and other watercourses, rather than filter through the ground. This is likely to increase the stress on those groundwater supplies. Some rural residents may experience shortages. ...
Long-term grazing exclusion did not provide adequate soil carbon
... The development of carbon markets and credits under the Kyoto protocol emphasize the need for enhanced carbon storage in northern Kenyan rangelands for climate change mitigation and local livelihoods diversification. However, to qualify for carbon credits, carbon markets are requiring additional car ...
... The development of carbon markets and credits under the Kyoto protocol emphasize the need for enhanced carbon storage in northern Kenyan rangelands for climate change mitigation and local livelihoods diversification. However, to qualify for carbon credits, carbon markets are requiring additional car ...
Current Impact of Thermal Extremes
... Provide opportunities to request assistance/evaluation for self and others Be creative in use of available resources – Short term assignment changes for some public sector staff Review response to events to identify successes and areas for improvement Revise program as needs/opportunities ch ...
... Provide opportunities to request assistance/evaluation for self and others Be creative in use of available resources – Short term assignment changes for some public sector staff Review response to events to identify successes and areas for improvement Revise program as needs/opportunities ch ...
Poland`s Climate Policy- The strategies for greenhouse gas
... The decade of the 1990s brought growing unfavourable atmospheric phenomena causing a variety of weather anomalies. The international research and development and political communities quite generally believe that the dynamics of atmospheric phenomena now to be observed may be the effect of cumulated ...
... The decade of the 1990s brought growing unfavourable atmospheric phenomena causing a variety of weather anomalies. The international research and development and political communities quite generally believe that the dynamics of atmospheric phenomena now to be observed may be the effect of cumulated ...
The greenhouse effect and terrestrial ecosystems of the
... accept that some warming will probably occur. Of course, it is uncertain how much warmer the earth will be, how regional climates will be affected, and how soon an effect will be observed, but these uncertainties are no reason to ignore the probability. By the time we are certain, it will be too lat ...
... accept that some warming will probably occur. Of course, it is uncertain how much warmer the earth will be, how regional climates will be affected, and how soon an effect will be observed, but these uncertainties are no reason to ignore the probability. By the time we are certain, it will be too lat ...
Oil Sands and Climate Change
... in applying this technology to the oilsands sector. To date there are no operating CCS projects in the oilsands. One planned integrated project, Shell’s Quest project, will capture 35% of the emissions from the Scotford Upgrader.20 This project will receive $865 million in subsidies from the federal ...
... in applying this technology to the oilsands sector. To date there are no operating CCS projects in the oilsands. One planned integrated project, Shell’s Quest project, will capture 35% of the emissions from the Scotford Upgrader.20 This project will receive $865 million in subsidies from the federal ...
The high-latitude terrestrial carbon sink
... entirely by climatic variables operating through plant physiological and soil processes. The carbon, water and nutrient cycles are coupled, including all the major interactions, feedbacks and exchanges between the soil, vegetation and atmosphere. The model contains no statistical relationships betwe ...
... entirely by climatic variables operating through plant physiological and soil processes. The carbon, water and nutrient cycles are coupled, including all the major interactions, feedbacks and exchanges between the soil, vegetation and atmosphere. The model contains no statistical relationships betwe ...
Exchange of trace gases between the terrestrial
... The present-day response of carbon stores in midlatitude ecosystems to elevated C0 2 and land management changes is a topic of intense debate._ Atmospheric boundary models (e.g., Tans et al., 1990) suggest a major terrestrial sink for C0 2 in the northern hemisphere. This sink appears to total 2.0 t ...
... The present-day response of carbon stores in midlatitude ecosystems to elevated C0 2 and land management changes is a topic of intense debate._ Atmospheric boundary models (e.g., Tans et al., 1990) suggest a major terrestrial sink for C0 2 in the northern hemisphere. This sink appears to total 2.0 t ...
3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change
... Increases in fossil fuel combustion and deforestation have exponentially increased concentrations of GHGs in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution. Rising atmospheric concentrations of GHGs in excess of natural levels result in increasing global surface temperatures—a phenomenon commonly re ...
... Increases in fossil fuel combustion and deforestation have exponentially increased concentrations of GHGs in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution. Rising atmospheric concentrations of GHGs in excess of natural levels result in increasing global surface temperatures—a phenomenon commonly re ...
- AMQ
... which, in turn, are regulated by climate. To most effectively examine the origin of community change researchers need to single out and track specific paleobiological properties and to see how much they depend on local or more general constraints. A suite of proxies have been used to analyze ecologi ...
... which, in turn, are regulated by climate. To most effectively examine the origin of community change researchers need to single out and track specific paleobiological properties and to see how much they depend on local or more general constraints. A suite of proxies have been used to analyze ecologi ...
Regional Assessment
... cyclones in as many years; Tropical Cyclone (TC) Pam struck Vanuatu on 13 March 2015 and TC Winston struck Fiji on 20 February 2016. Severe TC Winston is the strongest cyclone ever recorded in the Southern hemisphere in terms of wind strength and caused extensive destruction totalling FJD 2 billion ...
... cyclones in as many years; Tropical Cyclone (TC) Pam struck Vanuatu on 13 March 2015 and TC Winston struck Fiji on 20 February 2016. Severe TC Winston is the strongest cyclone ever recorded in the Southern hemisphere in terms of wind strength and caused extensive destruction totalling FJD 2 billion ...