Peak and Decline Emissions Paths and the Global Warming Target
... signs that the underlying forces are being put in place. For example, Figure 2 shows estimates of the future levelised cost of electricity in the USA, for new plants being planned in 2009 and 2014 respectively, in $/MWh at 2012 prices.25 The expected cost of generation has fallen sharply for all of ...
... signs that the underlying forces are being put in place. For example, Figure 2 shows estimates of the future levelised cost of electricity in the USA, for new plants being planned in 2009 and 2014 respectively, in $/MWh at 2012 prices.25 The expected cost of generation has fallen sharply for all of ...
World Bank Document
... methodology and use of comparable municipal information could allow analysts to monitor the progress of new adaptation policies for climate change within the agricultural sector. ...
... methodology and use of comparable municipal information could allow analysts to monitor the progress of new adaptation policies for climate change within the agricultural sector. ...
VIA EMAIL: CharitiesComplianceDivisi.LPRA@cra
... disregard for the millions in harm’s way. Droughts, heat waves, floods, the spread of disease and other effects of global warming are now killing an estimated 300,000 people every year and driving many more into poverty. Experts predict that up to a billion people could become refugees in coming yea ...
... disregard for the millions in harm’s way. Droughts, heat waves, floods, the spread of disease and other effects of global warming are now killing an estimated 300,000 people every year and driving many more into poverty. Experts predict that up to a billion people could become refugees in coming yea ...
Preview of Buddhist Response to the Climate
... taken immediately if runaway warming is to be avoided. Not only must we reduce our greenhouse emissions, we need to find ways to remove a lot of carbon dioxide already in the atmosphere. A dramatic example of our predicament is provided at the poles, where global warming is occurring most rapidly. F ...
... taken immediately if runaway warming is to be avoided. Not only must we reduce our greenhouse emissions, we need to find ways to remove a lot of carbon dioxide already in the atmosphere. A dramatic example of our predicament is provided at the poles, where global warming is occurring most rapidly. F ...
What is causing the decline in pollinating insects?
... Bees, flies, wasps, beetles, butterflies and moths are part of a nation’s biodiversity and natural capital. They have intrinsic value and provide environmental and economic benefits because: — Over three-quarters of wild flowering plant species in temperate regions need pollination by animals like i ...
... Bees, flies, wasps, beetles, butterflies and moths are part of a nation’s biodiversity and natural capital. They have intrinsic value and provide environmental and economic benefits because: — Over three-quarters of wild flowering plant species in temperate regions need pollination by animals like i ...
climate change vulnerability of ski tourism in
... Ski Tourism and Climate Change With 120 million total domestic and international visitors accounting for 400 million visits each year, the ski tourism industry has been one of the most important sectors for socioeconomic development in certain regions, e.g. the Alps. Moreover, ski tourism has mainta ...
... Ski Tourism and Climate Change With 120 million total domestic and international visitors accounting for 400 million visits each year, the ski tourism industry has been one of the most important sectors for socioeconomic development in certain regions, e.g. the Alps. Moreover, ski tourism has mainta ...
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access
... Effects of Destination Climate Variability on Seasonal Tourism Demand By using statistical models, Agnew and Palutikof (2006) analyzed the effect of climate variability, including both intra- and interannual scales, on the UK tourism demand. The results showed that the United Kingdom’s outbound tour ...
... Effects of Destination Climate Variability on Seasonal Tourism Demand By using statistical models, Agnew and Palutikof (2006) analyzed the effect of climate variability, including both intra- and interannual scales, on the UK tourism demand. The results showed that the United Kingdom’s outbound tour ...
here - Urgenda
... current emissions is not only creeping, but also dormant. That is to say that the damage has already been caused, but cannot immediately be felt. Dormant damage creates particular risks. Damage that is immediately apparent can be mitigated directly. Dormant damage, however, can simmer for long perio ...
... current emissions is not only creeping, but also dormant. That is to say that the damage has already been caused, but cannot immediately be felt. Dormant damage creates particular risks. Damage that is immediately apparent can be mitigated directly. Dormant damage, however, can simmer for long perio ...
Coping with Climate Change among Adolescents: Implications for
... creators of one of the most well-known theories about coping, societal problems and related feelings such as powerlessness can also be defined as stressors. In addition, coping is not only about dealing with threats to one‘s own well-being, but also concerns perceived threats to the well-being of ot ...
... creators of one of the most well-known theories about coping, societal problems and related feelings such as powerlessness can also be defined as stressors. In addition, coping is not only about dealing with threats to one‘s own well-being, but also concerns perceived threats to the well-being of ot ...
Sustainable Land-use Practices in European Mountain Regions
... historically, there has been a trend toward increasingly specialized land-use policies; over the years, this has led to an ongoing increase in sectoral regulations (Balsiger 2009). This has caused more overlap and sometimes even conflicts and contradictions between policies and regulations at differ ...
... historically, there has been a trend toward increasingly specialized land-use policies; over the years, this has led to an ongoing increase in sectoral regulations (Balsiger 2009). This has caused more overlap and sometimes even conflicts and contradictions between policies and regulations at differ ...
The Paris Climate Agreement Is a Treaty Requiring Senate Review
... providing at least $100 billion annually in “climate finance” by 2020 is non-binding. However, the agreement does stipulate that financial support for developing countries “shall be provided” (Article 4.5), and that each developed country “shall biennially communicate indicative quantitative and qua ...
... providing at least $100 billion annually in “climate finance” by 2020 is non-binding. However, the agreement does stipulate that financial support for developing countries “shall be provided” (Article 4.5), and that each developed country “shall biennially communicate indicative quantitative and qua ...
Strengthening of the hydrological cycle in future scenarios
... diffusion parameterization is performed through the boundary layer. To obtain flux conservation at the interface, in the C-ESM model the coupling between SILVA and ECHAM5 is achieved by means of a fully implicit coupling numerical scheme for the energy and water fluxes. This scheme has been implemen ...
... diffusion parameterization is performed through the boundary layer. To obtain flux conservation at the interface, in the C-ESM model the coupling between SILVA and ECHAM5 is achieved by means of a fully implicit coupling numerical scheme for the energy and water fluxes. This scheme has been implemen ...
PDF
... the Modeling International Relationships in Applied General Equilibrium (MIRAGE) model and introducing the first generation biofuels into the GTAP version-7 data base. Those authors augment the MIRAGE model with modules on energy and biofuels interaction, feedstocks and co-products of biofuels, and ...
... the Modeling International Relationships in Applied General Equilibrium (MIRAGE) model and introducing the first generation biofuels into the GTAP version-7 data base. Those authors augment the MIRAGE model with modules on energy and biofuels interaction, feedstocks and co-products of biofuels, and ...
Effects of climate change on an emperor penguin population
... (CMR) based on sex and reproductive status, with some unobservable stages. Adult survival is allowed to differ between sexes, and return probability to differ between breeders and nonbreeders. The statistical capture-recapture model is described in detail in Appendix C of Jenouvrier et al. (2010); f ...
... (CMR) based on sex and reproductive status, with some unobservable stages. Adult survival is allowed to differ between sexes, and return probability to differ between breeders and nonbreeders. The statistical capture-recapture model is described in detail in Appendix C of Jenouvrier et al. (2010); f ...
T M Climate Negotiations After the Copenhagen Overview of Emissions Targets
... developed nations) to reduce its GHG emissions, and despite its intentions to 'green' its economy, the South African government has clearly indicated that it intends to continue its economic development in such as way that would make the GHG emissions of South Africa comparable to the current emissi ...
... developed nations) to reduce its GHG emissions, and despite its intentions to 'green' its economy, the South African government has clearly indicated that it intends to continue its economic development in such as way that would make the GHG emissions of South Africa comparable to the current emissi ...
DOCX - World bank documents
... institutions for REDD+ policy development. MICOA is the focal point ministry of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and has responsibility for coordinating work on climate change and policy development on climate change – including on Reduced Emissions from Deforestati ...
... institutions for REDD+ policy development. MICOA is the focal point ministry of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and has responsibility for coordinating work on climate change and policy development on climate change – including on Reduced Emissions from Deforestati ...
Size and variability of crop productivity both impacted by CO 2
... studies have focused on of the combined impacts of atmospheric CO2 enrichment and warming on crop production in arable land, especially in rice paddies in China. To address this issue, a 4 year open-air field experiment during 2010 to 2014 was conducted to simulate the impact of climate change on cr ...
... studies have focused on of the combined impacts of atmospheric CO2 enrichment and warming on crop production in arable land, especially in rice paddies in China. To address this issue, a 4 year open-air field experiment during 2010 to 2014 was conducted to simulate the impact of climate change on cr ...
A Methodology for Constructing Marginal Abatement Cost Curves for
... The challenge lies in the costing of mitigation alternatives which is widely missing from the discourse on mitigation, and currently in a form that is not readily used nor easily accessed by decision-makers such as homeowners, businesses and city leaders alike, to make informed decisions. Compoundin ...
... The challenge lies in the costing of mitigation alternatives which is widely missing from the discourse on mitigation, and currently in a form that is not readily used nor easily accessed by decision-makers such as homeowners, businesses and city leaders alike, to make informed decisions. Compoundin ...
FAO - NWP: Climate Related Risks and Extreme Events 2007 (pp.3-10)
... phenology and remotely sensed data) and specific tools (methods and software) such as crop specific water balance, data interpolation in time and space and analysis tools either at continental/regional level or national, district and local levels. FAO agrometeorological tools are designed with scale ...
... phenology and remotely sensed data) and specific tools (methods and software) such as crop specific water balance, data interpolation in time and space and analysis tools either at continental/regional level or national, district and local levels. FAO agrometeorological tools are designed with scale ...
Economics, Institutions and Adaptation to Climate Change
... uncertainty (how uncertainty about future change affects costs)”. He argues that “[t]hese shortcomings are a reflection of just how difficult it is to measure and cost adaptation” (ibid.). The first major source of difficulties is intricacies in defining adaptation, and its costs and benefits. These ...
... uncertainty (how uncertainty about future change affects costs)”. He argues that “[t]hese shortcomings are a reflection of just how difficult it is to measure and cost adaptation” (ibid.). The first major source of difficulties is intricacies in defining adaptation, and its costs and benefits. These ...
Table 2: Effects of including different features on the estimated costs
... warming greater than 2 degrees Celsius (°C) by the end of the century—requires rapid and largescale reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from both developed and major-emitting developing countries (see Box 1). Reducing emissions from tropical forests offers an immediate opportunity to mitiga ...
... warming greater than 2 degrees Celsius (°C) by the end of the century—requires rapid and largescale reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from both developed and major-emitting developing countries (see Box 1). Reducing emissions from tropical forests offers an immediate opportunity to mitiga ...
Assessing the climate impact of trends in stratospheric water vapor
... 2. Testing the Narrowband Nadiation Code [4] Oinas et al. [2001] (OLRSH) have suggested that broadband radiative schemes, including the scheme employed in our FS99 calculations, overestimate the radiative forcing and stratospheric cooling due to SWV increases. In the light of their comments it is im ...
... 2. Testing the Narrowband Nadiation Code [4] Oinas et al. [2001] (OLRSH) have suggested that broadband radiative schemes, including the scheme employed in our FS99 calculations, overestimate the radiative forcing and stratospheric cooling due to SWV increases. In the light of their comments it is im ...