Attributing regional trends of evapotranspiration and gross primary
... of ETp in the Canadian Prairies. On a large scale, precipitation is usually the principal factor determining actual ET change; for example, Qian et al. (2007) showed that an increase in ET in the Mississippi River basin followed precipitation propensity, while the effects of solar radiation and air ...
... of ETp in the Canadian Prairies. On a large scale, precipitation is usually the principal factor determining actual ET change; for example, Qian et al. (2007) showed that an increase in ET in the Mississippi River basin followed precipitation propensity, while the effects of solar radiation and air ...
11. Tax and climate change
... attempt to apply emissions trading between sovereign states, while the EU’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has created a well-established and active carbon trading market within Europe. The second reason to favour trading is that applying taxes on any kind of international, let alone global, basi ...
... attempt to apply emissions trading between sovereign states, while the EU’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has created a well-established and active carbon trading market within Europe. The second reason to favour trading is that applying taxes on any kind of international, let alone global, basi ...
Authors from Canada, Russia, Norway, USA to be found by M
... The changes in air pollution, climate and the biogeochemical cycles of trace chemicals in the atmosphere such as carbon and reactive nitrogen give rise to environmental problems. Meteorological processes often strongly influence their severity and rate of change. The analysis and abatement of these ...
... The changes in air pollution, climate and the biogeochemical cycles of trace chemicals in the atmosphere such as carbon and reactive nitrogen give rise to environmental problems. Meteorological processes often strongly influence their severity and rate of change. The analysis and abatement of these ...
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LARGE SCALE OCEAN
... In the Atlantic at 25°N (roughly between the Canaries and the Bahamas) there is a northward transport of heat of 1.3 PW (1 PW is 10 to the power 15 Watts, which is roughly the same as the power output from one million power stations). The heat transport is a balance of the northward flow of a warm ...
... In the Atlantic at 25°N (roughly between the Canaries and the Bahamas) there is a northward transport of heat of 1.3 PW (1 PW is 10 to the power 15 Watts, which is roughly the same as the power output from one million power stations). The heat transport is a balance of the northward flow of a warm ...
The polar amplification asymmetry: role of Antarctic surface height
... The analysis focuses on the transient response to CO2 doubling during the years 76 to 125 and especially during the years 80 to 109, for which the model was rerun and PRP calculations were performed. While most of the temperature response in the upper ocean to the CO2 perturbation takes place during ...
... The analysis focuses on the transient response to CO2 doubling during the years 76 to 125 and especially during the years 80 to 109, for which the model was rerun and PRP calculations were performed. While most of the temperature response in the upper ocean to the CO2 perturbation takes place during ...
toward a new generation of world climate research and
... answered. What if society is unable to substantially reduce CO2 emissions? What are the consequences of radical measures to offset global warming? Answering such questions will require detailed, quantitative predictions of climate change for the coming century on both global and regional scales, and ...
... answered. What if society is unable to substantially reduce CO2 emissions? What are the consequences of radical measures to offset global warming? Answering such questions will require detailed, quantitative predictions of climate change for the coming century on both global and regional scales, and ...
PDF
... climate change damage, annual global emissions will need to be reduced substantially in the coming decades. Stabilisation of atmospheric concentrations at 550 parts per million (ppm) of CO2 equivalent (around twice the pre-industrial level) is estimated to require a 25% reduction compared to current ...
... climate change damage, annual global emissions will need to be reduced substantially in the coming decades. Stabilisation of atmospheric concentrations at 550 parts per million (ppm) of CO2 equivalent (around twice the pre-industrial level) is estimated to require a 25% reduction compared to current ...
PDF
... per tCO2 ] in 2050 contingent on different assumptions about the discount rate (US Regulatory Impact Analysis, 2010). Such a large range of estimates might suggest that a compromise between such opposing beliefs is simply unattainable2 . But time is running out and decisive scientific information ma ...
... per tCO2 ] in 2050 contingent on different assumptions about the discount rate (US Regulatory Impact Analysis, 2010). Such a large range of estimates might suggest that a compromise between such opposing beliefs is simply unattainable2 . But time is running out and decisive scientific information ma ...
2161_GRI-LSE_Party Manifestos 2015_web (opens in new window)
... 2. Harnessing the UK’s potential as a leader in ‘cleantech’ The UK is among the leaders in low-carbon innovation, as reflected by the number of low-carbon patents submitted in the past decade. However, it is starting to fall behind the competition, mostly because of faster increase in patenting else ...
... 2. Harnessing the UK’s potential as a leader in ‘cleantech’ The UK is among the leaders in low-carbon innovation, as reflected by the number of low-carbon patents submitted in the past decade. However, it is starting to fall behind the competition, mostly because of faster increase in patenting else ...
Presentation_Colorado_Water_Managers_meeting_Scripps_v2
... Topography and hydrologic structure is crucial: resolving snow vs. rain and other processes in the Colorado River Basin is crucial. Distributing precipitation over the basin produces less runoff, but lesser effect when temperature is ...
... Topography and hydrologic structure is crucial: resolving snow vs. rain and other processes in the Colorado River Basin is crucial. Distributing precipitation over the basin produces less runoff, but lesser effect when temperature is ...
A PERIOD OF CONSEQUENCES: GLOBAL WARMING, SOCIAL
... particularly indigenous people, in remote regions of the planet, but what is happening there will eventually happen here too. Sea level rise will affect all coastal regions to some degree, and increased storm events, changes in weather patterns, heat waves and drought are all possible consequences ...
... particularly indigenous people, in remote regions of the planet, but what is happening there will eventually happen here too. Sea level rise will affect all coastal regions to some degree, and increased storm events, changes in weather patterns, heat waves and drought are all possible consequences ...
Snow and Ice on Planet Earth
... The strong reduction of Arctic sea ice is already affecting the population of the iconic polar bears. There are initial signs of increased navigation in northern routes, which might raise issues of water sovereignity. M ore offshore oil operations are to be expected as well. An increase in sea traff ...
... The strong reduction of Arctic sea ice is already affecting the population of the iconic polar bears. There are initial signs of increased navigation in northern routes, which might raise issues of water sovereignity. M ore offshore oil operations are to be expected as well. An increase in sea traff ...
Global mechanisms for sustaining and enhancing PES schemes ⁎ Josh Farley
... with recipients chosen by centralized organizations, and the information required to decide between competing proposals is immense. Grant writing skills may play as much of a role in determining what projects are funded as the quality of the project itself, and transaction costs can be very high. An ...
... with recipients chosen by centralized organizations, and the information required to decide between competing proposals is immense. Grant writing skills may play as much of a role in determining what projects are funded as the quality of the project itself, and transaction costs can be very high. An ...
A Review of Climate Fiction (Cli-Fi)
... for Snowpiercer, now available on dvd, is much lower than its foreign take, and lower than the domestic take for films that received far less acclaim. Snowpiercer is the name of the train that circum-locomotes the globe each year, its powerful engine and sleek shape piercing any snow that might pile ...
... for Snowpiercer, now available on dvd, is much lower than its foreign take, and lower than the domestic take for films that received far less acclaim. Snowpiercer is the name of the train that circum-locomotes the globe each year, its powerful engine and sleek shape piercing any snow that might pile ...
Shiri Avnery
... infrequent fires of increased intensity. Mixed tree-shrub vegetation is therefore maintained in the African sahel only during periods of interannual precipitation variability typified by fires of intermediate frequency and intensity. Bonan et al. (2003) argue that the domination of grasses during dr ...
... infrequent fires of increased intensity. Mixed tree-shrub vegetation is therefore maintained in the African sahel only during periods of interannual precipitation variability typified by fires of intermediate frequency and intensity. Bonan et al. (2003) argue that the domination of grasses during dr ...
POSTER 2-12-1231073_a
... action needs to occur in cities. World’s shrinking cities face additional problems in managing climate change. For example, in Glasgow – one such ‘shrinking city’ – even when urban growth has subsided, the local warming that result from urban morphology (increased built cover, lack of vegetation, po ...
... action needs to occur in cities. World’s shrinking cities face additional problems in managing climate change. For example, in Glasgow – one such ‘shrinking city’ – even when urban growth has subsided, the local warming that result from urban morphology (increased built cover, lack of vegetation, po ...
front cover
... People, culture and ecosystems have a right to survive. That means the world Has a duty to act. To prevent such disasters, scientists say we should keep global warming well below 2°C. To ensure that, we must cut emissions of the gases that cause climate change by at least 80 per cent by 2050 compare ...
... People, culture and ecosystems have a right to survive. That means the world Has a duty to act. To prevent such disasters, scientists say we should keep global warming well below 2°C. To ensure that, we must cut emissions of the gases that cause climate change by at least 80 per cent by 2050 compare ...
Waste Management and Climate Change
... of major waste operators are currently leading the way on development of alternative fuels. CIWEM believes the encouragement to deliver biogas (methane) injection into either the national grid or more local networks, together with the maximisation of energy generation from waste via anaerobic digest ...
... of major waste operators are currently leading the way on development of alternative fuels. CIWEM believes the encouragement to deliver biogas (methane) injection into either the national grid or more local networks, together with the maximisation of energy generation from waste via anaerobic digest ...
APES 15 Air Pollution
... • Extreme weather: severe drought, desertification, unusual snow events -positive feedback loop: fewer plants means more CO₂ in atmosphere… • Change in ocean currents: meltwater from Arctic circle may disrupt conveyor belt currents in N Atlantic (Gulfstream currents warm climate in Europe) ...
... • Extreme weather: severe drought, desertification, unusual snow events -positive feedback loop: fewer plants means more CO₂ in atmosphere… • Change in ocean currents: meltwater from Arctic circle may disrupt conveyor belt currents in N Atlantic (Gulfstream currents warm climate in Europe) ...
Global climate change and the Antarctic Treaty system since 2000.
... new millennium. With most of the business focused on the Antarctic operations of the signatories and issues relating to the implementation and requirement of the recently ratified Protocol (1998), the sole paper with a direct bearing on climate change was submitted by Russia and related to their ong ...
... new millennium. With most of the business focused on the Antarctic operations of the signatories and issues relating to the implementation and requirement of the recently ratified Protocol (1998), the sole paper with a direct bearing on climate change was submitted by Russia and related to their ong ...
Paddling for a Purpose in a Troubled Sea Sampling the
... *Identify patterns and impairments *Science to guide policy for ecosystem management in the Salish Sea ...
... *Identify patterns and impairments *Science to guide policy for ecosystem management in the Salish Sea ...
Paleoclimate Implications for Human-Made Climate Change
... developed to simulate climate. Models help us understand climate sensitivity because we can change processes in the model one by one and study their interactions. But if models were our only tool, climate sensitivity would always have large uncertainty. Models are imperfect, and we will never be sur ...
... developed to simulate climate. Models help us understand climate sensitivity because we can change processes in the model one by one and study their interactions. But if models were our only tool, climate sensitivity would always have large uncertainty. Models are imperfect, and we will never be sur ...
Earth`s Climate History: How do we know what we know?
... wind and other climate factors produce year-to-year differences in the thickness of rings. These differences are the same for trees of the same species growing in the same location and can be matched up to produce long time-lines, going back thousands of years. ...
... wind and other climate factors produce year-to-year differences in the thickness of rings. These differences are the same for trees of the same species growing in the same location and can be matched up to produce long time-lines, going back thousands of years. ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""