The effects of large-scale afforestation and climate change on water
... warming forecasts. The modelling framework includes the Sacramento rainfall-runoff model and IQQM, a stream¯ow routing tool, as well as various global climate model outputs from which daily rainfall and potential evaporation data ®les have been generated in OzClim, a climate scenario generator. For ...
... warming forecasts. The modelling framework includes the Sacramento rainfall-runoff model and IQQM, a stream¯ow routing tool, as well as various global climate model outputs from which daily rainfall and potential evaporation data ®les have been generated in OzClim, a climate scenario generator. For ...
Will we leave the Great Barrier Reef for our children?
... 300 parts per million (ppm).23 Since the Industrial Revolution, globally averaged concentrations of CO2, the major greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, have increased dramatically beyond the upper threshold of natural fluctuation for the past 650,000 years primarily due to anthropogenic emissions of gr ...
... 300 parts per million (ppm).23 Since the Industrial Revolution, globally averaged concentrations of CO2, the major greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, have increased dramatically beyond the upper threshold of natural fluctuation for the past 650,000 years primarily due to anthropogenic emissions of gr ...
Past and Future Extreme Climate Events in Canadian Prairies
... place a value on them, called Ecological Goods and Services • Any reduction in these services reduces social welfare and therefore, need to be accounted for. • Loss of human capital – Loss of lives plus effect of stress • Long-term cost of adaptation (including migration) Earth Science and Climate C ...
... place a value on them, called Ecological Goods and Services • Any reduction in these services reduces social welfare and therefore, need to be accounted for. • Loss of human capital – Loss of lives plus effect of stress • Long-term cost of adaptation (including migration) Earth Science and Climate C ...
Adaptations of forest ecosystems to air pollution
... National Forest Inventory. Austria has experienced a warming trend over the past 50 years, but little overall change in precipitation amounts. A major finding of Eastaugh’s study is that most of the increase in tree growth since 1960 can be primarily attributed to increased nitrogen deposition rath ...
... National Forest Inventory. Austria has experienced a warming trend over the past 50 years, but little overall change in precipitation amounts. A major finding of Eastaugh’s study is that most of the increase in tree growth since 1960 can be primarily attributed to increased nitrogen deposition rath ...
Cooling the Earth with Crops
... lead to changes in storm-tracks and a northward shift in the Ferrel cell (a large scale atmospheric circulation feature) which causes warming in Europe.20 This makes local biogeophysical changes to tropical forests very important not just for the regional climate and biosphere, but also for the worl ...
... lead to changes in storm-tracks and a northward shift in the Ferrel cell (a large scale atmospheric circulation feature) which causes warming in Europe.20 This makes local biogeophysical changes to tropical forests very important not just for the regional climate and biosphere, but also for the worl ...
Chapter 15
... • Concept 15-4 Considerable scientific evidence indicates that emissions of greenhouse gases into the earth’s atmosphere from human activities will lead to significant climate change during this century. ...
... • Concept 15-4 Considerable scientific evidence indicates that emissions of greenhouse gases into the earth’s atmosphere from human activities will lead to significant climate change during this century. ...
Conversion of Greenhouse Gasses Into Energy
... my project because it presents complex topics more simplistically. It aids in understanding this complicated topic. The book also brings about an awareness and understanding of additional complex concepts in the project. Dandekar, Hemalata. "Gobar Gas Plants: How Appropriate Are They?" Economic and ...
... my project because it presents complex topics more simplistically. It aids in understanding this complicated topic. The book also brings about an awareness and understanding of additional complex concepts in the project. Dandekar, Hemalata. "Gobar Gas Plants: How Appropriate Are They?" Economic and ...
PDF
... in these areas are largely unexplored. To fill this empirical gap, this study evaluates the potential impacts from climate change on the agricultural sector of an economy located in the semi-tropical area-Taiwan. The results illustrate not only the sensitivity of agriculture to climate change in thi ...
... in these areas are largely unexplored. To fill this empirical gap, this study evaluates the potential impacts from climate change on the agricultural sector of an economy located in the semi-tropical area-Taiwan. The results illustrate not only the sensitivity of agriculture to climate change in thi ...
UK Climate Projections science report: Marine and coastal projections
... relationships and have been tested against observations during their development, their results are not formally constrained by observations. It is, therefore, not correct to refer to these frequency distributions in terms of probability. Rather, we present frequency distributions based on these cur ...
... relationships and have been tested against observations during their development, their results are not formally constrained by observations. It is, therefore, not correct to refer to these frequency distributions in terms of probability. Rather, we present frequency distributions based on these cur ...
on the side
... Robert Corell, Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Process, presented the results of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), which show that the Arctic is warming more rapidly than any other part of the planet. He listed several consequences of Arctic warming, such as sea level rise, changes in th ...
... Robert Corell, Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Process, presented the results of the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), which show that the Arctic is warming more rapidly than any other part of the planet. He listed several consequences of Arctic warming, such as sea level rise, changes in th ...
- wgiss
... • for NWP OSSE develop and integrate a massive on-line data base with users so there is controlled access to data set selection, location, spatial extent, Variable, quality and time period. • Climate OSSE needs a new process NOMADS ...
... • for NWP OSSE develop and integrate a massive on-line data base with users so there is controlled access to data set selection, location, spatial extent, Variable, quality and time period. • Climate OSSE needs a new process NOMADS ...
The direct route by which the transport sector
... equivalent. In order to compare different greenhouse gases, which have different global warming and hence climate change impacts, they are all converted to a common basis – being that of carbon dioxide equivalents. To convert emissions of a gas to its CO2e, the emissions are multiplied by a factor k ...
... equivalent. In order to compare different greenhouse gases, which have different global warming and hence climate change impacts, they are all converted to a common basis – being that of carbon dioxide equivalents. To convert emissions of a gas to its CO2e, the emissions are multiplied by a factor k ...
International Workshop Water and air challenges in the HKH under
... International Workshop Water and air challenges in the HKH under Climate and Environmental Change: opportunities using a transdisciplinary approach ICIMOD, Kathmandu, Nepal, November 2014 Background This event is the follow-up of the international workshop held at in Hamburg in October 2013 (http:// ...
... International Workshop Water and air challenges in the HKH under Climate and Environmental Change: opportunities using a transdisciplinary approach ICIMOD, Kathmandu, Nepal, November 2014 Background This event is the follow-up of the international workshop held at in Hamburg in October 2013 (http:// ...
Climate Change Strategy - Environment Yukon
... Impact Assessment Report, have increased the knowledge base and understanding of climate change in the north. It is now known that the average temperatures in the Arctic have risen at almost double the global rate in the past few decades and that this trend is expected to continue. Climate models pr ...
... Impact Assessment Report, have increased the knowledge base and understanding of climate change in the north. It is now known that the average temperatures in the Arctic have risen at almost double the global rate in the past few decades and that this trend is expected to continue. Climate models pr ...
Yukon Government Climate Change Strategy
... Impact Assessment Report, have increased the knowledge base and understanding of climate change in the north. It is now known that the average temperatures in the Arctic have risen at almost double the global rate in the past few decades and that this trend is expected to continue. Climate models pr ...
... Impact Assessment Report, have increased the knowledge base and understanding of climate change in the north. It is now known that the average temperatures in the Arctic have risen at almost double the global rate in the past few decades and that this trend is expected to continue. Climate models pr ...
Clever Name, Losing Game?
... - The creation of synthetic nitrogen fertilisers is energy-intensive, burning large amounts of fossil fuels and leading to high CO2 emissions. - When applied to soil, they can release Nitrous Oxide (N2O), a highly potent greenhouse gas that has 298 times the atmospheric warming effect of CO2 ...
... - The creation of synthetic nitrogen fertilisers is energy-intensive, burning large amounts of fossil fuels and leading to high CO2 emissions. - When applied to soil, they can release Nitrous Oxide (N2O), a highly potent greenhouse gas that has 298 times the atmospheric warming effect of CO2 ...
PDF
... function has been expanded to give a bottom-up type of description of the energy sector. Countries are grouped in 12 regions that cover the world and that strategically interact following a game theoretic structure. A climate module and a damage function provide the feedback to the economy from carb ...
... function has been expanded to give a bottom-up type of description of the energy sector. Countries are grouped in 12 regions that cover the world and that strategically interact following a game theoretic structure. A climate module and a damage function provide the feedback to the economy from carb ...
Changing climate and rising seas - Parliamentary Commissioner for
... over a hundred metres many times in the history of the Earth. But over the last few thousand years the climate has been relatively stable and the sea level has varied only a little. However, since about 1900, sea levels have risen by about 20 centimetres. There is a strong consensus among scientists ...
... over a hundred metres many times in the history of the Earth. But over the last few thousand years the climate has been relatively stable and the sea level has varied only a little. However, since about 1900, sea levels have risen by about 20 centimetres. There is a strong consensus among scientists ...
Climate Trends and Projections for the South Sask. River
... climate changes projected for the next 50 years as derived from global climate models (GCMs). Also included is a discussion of the modes and causes of the internal variability of the regional climate. The objective of this report is to provide the SEAWA with a scientific perspective on the variabili ...
... climate changes projected for the next 50 years as derived from global climate models (GCMs). Also included is a discussion of the modes and causes of the internal variability of the regional climate. The objective of this report is to provide the SEAWA with a scientific perspective on the variabili ...
Coupled General Circulation Modeling
... • Ocean is represented as a shallow, motionless slab of water. • Mixed layer depth is chosen to represent seasonal heat storage in upper ocean. • Ocean temperature is interactively ...
... • Ocean is represented as a shallow, motionless slab of water. • Mixed layer depth is chosen to represent seasonal heat storage in upper ocean. • Ocean temperature is interactively ...
NOAA Atlas 14 - Wisconsin Initiative on Climate Change Impacts
... Davis Todd, C.E., J.M Harbor, B. Tyner, Increasing Magnitudes and Frequencies of Extreme Precipitation Events Used for Hydraulic Analysis in the Midwest, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, (61)4:179-184, 2006 ...
... Davis Todd, C.E., J.M Harbor, B. Tyner, Increasing Magnitudes and Frequencies of Extreme Precipitation Events Used for Hydraulic Analysis in the Midwest, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, (61)4:179-184, 2006 ...
Off the charts: Extreme Australian summer heat
... While hot weather has always been common in Australia, it has become more common and severe over the past few decades. There has been a significant increase in the frequency of hot days (days over 35°C) and hot nights over the last 50 years (CSIRO and BoM, 2012). The frequency of record hot days has ...
... While hot weather has always been common in Australia, it has become more common and severe over the past few decades. There has been a significant increase in the frequency of hot days (days over 35°C) and hot nights over the last 50 years (CSIRO and BoM, 2012). The frequency of record hot days has ...
Young People`s Burden: Requirement of Negative CO2 Emissions
... National Association of Manufacturers, and the American Fuels and Petrochemical Association) asked the Court to dismiss the case, in part based on the argument that the requested rate of fossil fuel emissions reduction was implausible. Magistrate Judge Coffin stated that he was “troubled” by the sev ...
... National Association of Manufacturers, and the American Fuels and Petrochemical Association) asked the Court to dismiss the case, in part based on the argument that the requested rate of fossil fuel emissions reduction was implausible. Magistrate Judge Coffin stated that he was “troubled” by the sev ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""