Social Protection for Informal Workers in Asia
... he 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development sees poverty reduction in all its dimensions and inclusive growth as one of the world’s greatest challenge. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals for transforming our world include the universal agenda of implementing nationally appropriate social protection ...
... he 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development sees poverty reduction in all its dimensions and inclusive growth as one of the world’s greatest challenge. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals for transforming our world include the universal agenda of implementing nationally appropriate social protection ...
CONDI: A Cost-Of-Nominal-Distortions Index
... variation in either the distribution of shocks, or in the demand and technology parameters consistent with our measure of labor shares. This …nding con…rms the robustness of the basic principle that monetary policy should put more emphasis on the stabilization of in‡ation in sectors with more rigid ...
... variation in either the distribution of shocks, or in the demand and technology parameters consistent with our measure of labor shares. This …nding con…rms the robustness of the basic principle that monetary policy should put more emphasis on the stabilization of in‡ation in sectors with more rigid ...
Optimal Reserves in Financially Closed Economies
... arguably the main source of shocks. For these countries the average level of reserves was close to 4.5 months of imports. Under our benchmark calibration this average level of reserves is the optimal one if the carry cost is equal to 6.7 percent, which is well in the range of plausible values for th ...
... arguably the main source of shocks. For these countries the average level of reserves was close to 4.5 months of imports. Under our benchmark calibration this average level of reserves is the optimal one if the carry cost is equal to 6.7 percent, which is well in the range of plausible values for th ...
Is Government Spending at the Zero Lower Bound Desirable?
... government spending at the ZLB is zero in all models and solutions, despite the fact that the multiplier can still be very large. The optimal increase in wasteful government spending is positive on an extreme, and very small, range of parameter values in the stochastic duration models, where once ag ...
... government spending at the ZLB is zero in all models and solutions, despite the fact that the multiplier can still be very large. The optimal increase in wasteful government spending is positive on an extreme, and very small, range of parameter values in the stochastic duration models, where once ag ...
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... The expression states that when the number of conditions increases, borrower utility decreases, whereas additional amounts of lending correspond to greater borrower utility. As for the IMF, the model states ...
... The expression states that when the number of conditions increases, borrower utility decreases, whereas additional amounts of lending correspond to greater borrower utility. As for the IMF, the model states ...
The Political Economy of European Employment
... Henk Overbeek is Associate Professor in International Relations, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam (Netherlands); he received his PhD from the Universiteit van Amsterdam. Overbeek’s interests are in international political economy and European integration. His publications include Neo-liberal Hegemony a ...
... Henk Overbeek is Associate Professor in International Relations, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam (Netherlands); he received his PhD from the Universiteit van Amsterdam. Overbeek’s interests are in international political economy and European integration. His publications include Neo-liberal Hegemony a ...
The Knowledge-Led Accumulation Regime: A Theory of
... financial capitals subordinate industrial capitals and flows of finance dominate the macroeconomic circuit. Meanwhile, knowledge-based economy (KBE) has been rising since the 1990s as a way out of long stagnation of the mass production economy in the 1980s. Information technology revolution and glo ...
... financial capitals subordinate industrial capitals and flows of finance dominate the macroeconomic circuit. Meanwhile, knowledge-based economy (KBE) has been rising since the 1990s as a way out of long stagnation of the mass production economy in the 1980s. Information technology revolution and glo ...
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... (2012) by calibrating the model for respectively the Great Inflation and Great Moderation regimes and performing a series of counterfactual exercises. Consistent with the stylized facts, our model predicts a high degree of wage indexation for the Great Inflation, characterized by very volatile - in ...
... (2012) by calibrating the model for respectively the Great Inflation and Great Moderation regimes and performing a series of counterfactual exercises. Consistent with the stylized facts, our model predicts a high degree of wage indexation for the Great Inflation, characterized by very volatile - in ...
does foreign direct investment improve welfare in north african
... growth may be associated with an unchanging or rising level of poverty in a country. More specifically, even if economic growth has been found to be a prerequisite to improved wellbeing, economic growth which is not pro-poor (i.e., not redistributive) may create inequality and could negatively impac ...
... growth may be associated with an unchanging or rising level of poverty in a country. More specifically, even if economic growth has been found to be a prerequisite to improved wellbeing, economic growth which is not pro-poor (i.e., not redistributive) may create inequality and could negatively impac ...
Federal Liabilities: 2016 Update - Private Enterprise Research Center
... cover the government’s future commitments assuming the continuation of current policies. The narrower focus here takes a retrospective view in defining a federal liability. The connection between the forward-looking measures and the retrospective view taken in the present report is discussed in A Pr ...
... cover the government’s future commitments assuming the continuation of current policies. The narrower focus here takes a retrospective view in defining a federal liability. The connection between the forward-looking measures and the retrospective view taken in the present report is discussed in A Pr ...
2012 IOptimal Policy and the Sectoral Composition of Output
... through differing price rigidities, welfare can be improved through sector specific tax policy. If the government can levy sector specific taxes on firms, taxes rise in sectors hit by a positive productivity shock to limit price dispersion within a sector and so ensure efficient allocation of resour ...
... through differing price rigidities, welfare can be improved through sector specific tax policy. If the government can levy sector specific taxes on firms, taxes rise in sectors hit by a positive productivity shock to limit price dispersion within a sector and so ensure efficient allocation of resour ...
DISTRIBUTIVE IMPACT OF PRIVATIZATION IN LATIN AMERICA
... 1982-88, with the second and more significant phase 1988-94 during the Salinas administration. From 1982-94 the number of SOEs fell from 1155 to 219. While a larger number of SOEs were privatized during the first phase, the large firms tended to be privatized in the second phase. Approximately 96% ...
... 1982-88, with the second and more significant phase 1988-94 during the Salinas administration. From 1982-94 the number of SOEs fell from 1155 to 219. While a larger number of SOEs were privatized during the first phase, the large firms tended to be privatized in the second phase. Approximately 96% ...
ESSAYS ON MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICY By Andrea Pescatori
... are highly indebted I show that optimal monetary policy reaction (through interest rate) to inflationary pressure should be ‘milder’ than it is usually prescribed. The second chapter is based on the KM framework. This is a stronger type of credit market imperfection where households are not allowed ...
... are highly indebted I show that optimal monetary policy reaction (through interest rate) to inflationary pressure should be ‘milder’ than it is usually prescribed. The second chapter is based on the KM framework. This is a stronger type of credit market imperfection where households are not allowed ...
THE CONTINUING RELEVANCE OF FRED - dinamia`cet-iul
... a socio-economic system dominated by markets and, on the other hand, with the type of individual motivations that this system tends to favour. Hirsch’s (1976: 106) point of departure is that “the market economy is institutionally focused on the wants of the individual in his isolated capacity”. If t ...
... a socio-economic system dominated by markets and, on the other hand, with the type of individual motivations that this system tends to favour. Hirsch’s (1976: 106) point of departure is that “the market economy is institutionally focused on the wants of the individual in his isolated capacity”. If t ...
Intersectoral Distortions, Structural Change and the Welfare Gains from Trade
... 18.3% for the the poorest quartile of countries in 1995 in the open economy, but a corresponding average gain in a hypothetical closed economy would be only 0.3%. This large difference can be explained as follows. Reducing labor wedges would increase the relative labor cost in agriculture and hence ...
... 18.3% for the the poorest quartile of countries in 1995 in the open economy, but a corresponding average gain in a hypothetical closed economy would be only 0.3%. This large difference can be explained as follows. Reducing labor wedges would increase the relative labor cost in agriculture and hence ...
Pension systems after the storm * France and UK compared
... of welfare states remains a relevant starting point for an analysis of national social welfare schemes. He uses the concept of welfare state regimes or models to explain the relatively stable institutional arrangements between the three welfare providers – the family, the State and the market. As we ...
... of welfare states remains a relevant starting point for an analysis of national social welfare schemes. He uses the concept of welfare state regimes or models to explain the relatively stable institutional arrangements between the three welfare providers – the family, the State and the market. As we ...
Advertising, Mass Consumption and Capitalism
... tributed, profits are dissipated on fixed costs, as entry expands product variety until profits are exhausted. When advertising is introduced, not only can the monopoly distortion increase further, but the potential profits from higher prices are further dissipated on fixed costs due to entry. So t ...
... tributed, profits are dissipated on fixed costs, as entry expands product variety until profits are exhausted. When advertising is introduced, not only can the monopoly distortion increase further, but the potential profits from higher prices are further dissipated on fixed costs due to entry. So t ...
Advertising, Mass Consumption and Capitalism
... tributed, profits are dissipated on fixed costs, as entry expands product variety until profits are exhausted. When advertising is introduced, not only can the monopoly distortion increase further, but the potential profits from higher prices are further dissipated on fixed costs due to entry. So t ...
... tributed, profits are dissipated on fixed costs, as entry expands product variety until profits are exhausted. When advertising is introduced, not only can the monopoly distortion increase further, but the potential profits from higher prices are further dissipated on fixed costs due to entry. So t ...
the moral imperative and social rationality of government
... and economically irrational. It concludes that government should guarantee employment by serving as employer of last resort, and where appropriate provide for retraining. But how can unemployment exist in market economies where the forces of supply and demand are presumed to force prices to levels w ...
... and economically irrational. It concludes that government should guarantee employment by serving as employer of last resort, and where appropriate provide for retraining. But how can unemployment exist in market economies where the forces of supply and demand are presumed to force prices to levels w ...
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... which is assumed to be exogenously fixed by technology. :Each institution that potentially structures the capital-labor relationship - internal labor markets, profit-sharing, wage profiles rising with seniority, and so on - serves several possible functions simultaneously. But one function that many ...
... which is assumed to be exogenously fixed by technology. :Each institution that potentially structures the capital-labor relationship - internal labor markets, profit-sharing, wage profiles rising with seniority, and so on - serves several possible functions simultaneously. But one function that many ...
Bailouts, Time Inconsistency and Optimal Regulation
... We begin with a simple static version of our benchmark economy. We use this version to show that, in order to provide incentives, optimal contracts often require ex post ine¢ ciency, in the sense that ex post all agents can bene…t by altering the terms of the contract. This feature of the model make ...
... We begin with a simple static version of our benchmark economy. We use this version to show that, in order to provide incentives, optimal contracts often require ex post ine¢ ciency, in the sense that ex post all agents can bene…t by altering the terms of the contract. This feature of the model make ...
New Labour, the `Third Way` and the Sector Skills Agreement
... “The class relations that used to underlie voting and political affiliation have shifted dramatically, owing to the steep decline in blue-collar working class. The large scale entry of women into the workforce has further destabilized patterns of class-based support. A sizable minority no longer vot ...
... “The class relations that used to underlie voting and political affiliation have shifted dramatically, owing to the steep decline in blue-collar working class. The large scale entry of women into the workforce has further destabilized patterns of class-based support. A sizable minority no longer vot ...
Social construction of preferences: Advertising!
... consumers (“consumerism” together with ”preferences for status” and ”conspicuous consumption”) which is not “natural” as, e.g., it is not supported by psychological and anthropological data.2 As a consequence, the consumption and leisure choices of agents go against their more “fundamental” will (“s ...
... consumers (“consumerism” together with ”preferences for status” and ”conspicuous consumption”) which is not “natural” as, e.g., it is not supported by psychological and anthropological data.2 As a consequence, the consumption and leisure choices of agents go against their more “fundamental” will (“s ...
Contract and Contagion: From Biopolitics to
... and catastrophe, that it is merely this particular way of life – and not life as such – that ceases when the Athenian empire falls. He insists that all the realms of the universe are mortal, without for a moment implying that the universe ends. “For time changes the nature of the whole world, and on ...
... and catastrophe, that it is merely this particular way of life – and not life as such – that ceases when the Athenian empire falls. He insists that all the realms of the universe are mortal, without for a moment implying that the universe ends. “For time changes the nature of the whole world, and on ...
Myths and Facts about Fiscal Discretion: A New Measure of
... relation to GDP and other macroeconomic variables. All these limitations make subjective and possibly arbitrary the reconstruction of the selected episodes, as it is difficult to separate actual decisions from mere announcements. In addition, announcements, even if not immediately or consistently fo ...
... relation to GDP and other macroeconomic variables. All these limitations make subjective and possibly arbitrary the reconstruction of the selected episodes, as it is difficult to separate actual decisions from mere announcements. In addition, announcements, even if not immediately or consistently fo ...