Acidification of the Coastal Ocean: Are deep waters of the... pteropods?
... Background and Objectives – As a result of increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), the ocean is taking up extra CO2 and becoming more acidic, in a process referred to as ocean acidification (OA, Fig. 1). Certain coastal regions, such as the upwelling system along the U.S. West Coast, are more ...
... Background and Objectives – As a result of increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), the ocean is taking up extra CO2 and becoming more acidic, in a process referred to as ocean acidification (OA, Fig. 1). Certain coastal regions, such as the upwelling system along the U.S. West Coast, are more ...
How warm was the last interglacial? New model–data comparisons
... We use simulations from a fully coupled, global atmosphere–land surface–ocean–sea ice general circulation model: the Community Climate System Model, v. 3 (CCSM3). Future climate predictions from this model are presented in the IPCC AR4 report [1]. The model has also been used in the Palaeoclimate Mo ...
... We use simulations from a fully coupled, global atmosphere–land surface–ocean–sea ice general circulation model: the Community Climate System Model, v. 3 (CCSM3). Future climate predictions from this model are presented in the IPCC AR4 report [1]. The model has also been used in the Palaeoclimate Mo ...
Ice ages and ecological transitions on temperate coasts
... isotopic data from sediment cores from the Southern California Bight suggest that there might have been a weakening in the California Current between 15 000 and 20 000 BP [23], stronger winds blowing across the larger land masses apparently resulted in greater localized upwelling than is seen at pre ...
... isotopic data from sediment cores from the Southern California Bight suggest that there might have been a weakening in the California Current between 15 000 and 20 000 BP [23], stronger winds blowing across the larger land masses apparently resulted in greater localized upwelling than is seen at pre ...
The 2011 marine heat wave in Cockburn Sound
... (Fig. 3). It is very likely that the Cockburn Sound warming event was driven, at least in part, by the regional-scale oceanographic processes associated with the anomalously strong La Niña conditions. In addition, Cockburn Sound experienced unusually warm air temperatures and weak winds during the ...
... (Fig. 3). It is very likely that the Cockburn Sound warming event was driven, at least in part, by the regional-scale oceanographic processes associated with the anomalously strong La Niña conditions. In addition, Cockburn Sound experienced unusually warm air temperatures and weak winds during the ...
Report of the IOC Executive Secretary, Rule of Procedure No. 49
... In 2001, the second phase of the COASTS project was implemented through the organization of the second COASTS Workshop held in Paris from 8-11 August 2001. Practitioners managers need a readily available set of tools to translate scientific knowledge of the complex coastal-coupled processes into qua ...
... In 2001, the second phase of the COASTS project was implemented through the organization of the second COASTS Workshop held in Paris from 8-11 August 2001. Practitioners managers need a readily available set of tools to translate scientific knowledge of the complex coastal-coupled processes into qua ...
Large-scale fluctuations in Precambrian atmospheric and oceanic
... Karhu and Holland, 1996). Conservative estimates for oxygen release coupled to increased organic carbon burial during the Lomagundi Event range from 12 to 22 times the present atmospheric inventory (Karhu and Holland, 1996). However, some of this oxygen released over the 140 million yr-long Lomagu ...
... Karhu and Holland, 1996). Conservative estimates for oxygen release coupled to increased organic carbon burial during the Lomagundi Event range from 12 to 22 times the present atmospheric inventory (Karhu and Holland, 1996). However, some of this oxygen released over the 140 million yr-long Lomagu ...
Lozier 2010 - Sites@Duke
... and their attendant properties continuously along western boundary currents and returns surface waters unimpeded to deepwater formation sites. A number of studies conducted over the past few years have challenged this paradigm by revealing the vital role of the ocean’s eddy and wind fields in establ ...
... and their attendant properties continuously along western boundary currents and returns surface waters unimpeded to deepwater formation sites. A number of studies conducted over the past few years have challenged this paradigm by revealing the vital role of the ocean’s eddy and wind fields in establ ...
Deep convection in the Irminger Sea forced by the Greenland tip jet
... there are 10 major events from mid-December to mid-March. As there are often significant events in late autumn and early spring, as well as numerous mild events throughout the winter, we parameterized this by applying 14 equally strong events over 120 days (each event lasts 4 days and they are space ...
... there are 10 major events from mid-December to mid-March. As there are often significant events in late autumn and early spring, as well as numerous mild events throughout the winter, we parameterized this by applying 14 equally strong events over 120 days (each event lasts 4 days and they are space ...
On the halocline of the Arctic Ocean*
... range 33.5 to 34.5. The production rate of cold source water can also be estimated by considering the transformation within the Polar Basin of the Atlantic water (Fig. 5). When this water first enters the basin west of Spitsbergen, its mean temperature and salinity are near 2.2 C and 35.0, but east ...
... range 33.5 to 34.5. The production rate of cold source water can also be estimated by considering the transformation within the Polar Basin of the Atlantic water (Fig. 5). When this water first enters the basin west of Spitsbergen, its mean temperature and salinity are near 2.2 C and 35.0, but east ...
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab
... continuum of scales. Setting boundaries to the ocean is the first step towards its quantitative study (Longhurst 2007). In principle, a categorization of the physical marine environment might help explain patterns of the structure and function of marine systems and account for commonalities or contr ...
... continuum of scales. Setting boundaries to the ocean is the first step towards its quantitative study (Longhurst 2007). In principle, a categorization of the physical marine environment might help explain patterns of the structure and function of marine systems and account for commonalities or contr ...
Impacts of climate change on coastal flooding
... As we reported in 2010/11, extreme coastal water levels and hence the increasing likelihood of coastal flooding in the future are likely to be dominated by climate driven changes to the mean sea level, rather than waves or storm surges. There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the magnitude ...
... As we reported in 2010/11, extreme coastal water levels and hence the increasing likelihood of coastal flooding in the future are likely to be dominated by climate driven changes to the mean sea level, rather than waves or storm surges. There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the magnitude ...
Future of the Ocean and its Seas: a non
... Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide is not only the main cause of global warming but also ocean acidification: the scale of such future changes in seawater chemistry, and its biogeochemical, ecological and socio-economic consequences, will be determined by the scale of future CO2 emissions. Calcif ...
... Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide is not only the main cause of global warming but also ocean acidification: the scale of such future changes in seawater chemistry, and its biogeochemical, ecological and socio-economic consequences, will be determined by the scale of future CO2 emissions. Calcif ...
The Future of Sturgeon Caviar in the Caspian Sea
... Caspian Sea, yet in the past decade, official sturgeon landings in the Caspian Sea have decreased dramatically as a result of environmental and human caused factors. • This depletion of sturgeon population can be contributed to the combination of many factors: illegal catch, poaching, pollution, los ...
... Caspian Sea, yet in the past decade, official sturgeon landings in the Caspian Sea have decreased dramatically as a result of environmental and human caused factors. • This depletion of sturgeon population can be contributed to the combination of many factors: illegal catch, poaching, pollution, los ...
Third Intergovernmental Review of the Global
... Work continued in preparation for the entry into force of the 2004 Ballast Water Management Convention (BWM) aimed to prevent, minimize and ultimately eliminate the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens through the control and management of ships' Ballast Water and Sediments. In Octobe ...
... Work continued in preparation for the entry into force of the 2004 Ballast Water Management Convention (BWM) aimed to prevent, minimize and ultimately eliminate the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens through the control and management of ships' Ballast Water and Sediments. In Octobe ...
Salinity
... Climate change, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide, excess nutrients, and pollution in many forms are altering global oceanic geochemistry. Rates of change for some aspects greatly exceed those in the historical and recent geological record. Major trends include an increasing acidity, reduced subsurf ...
... Climate change, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide, excess nutrients, and pollution in many forms are altering global oceanic geochemistry. Rates of change for some aspects greatly exceed those in the historical and recent geological record. Major trends include an increasing acidity, reduced subsurf ...
History of Ocean Exploration and Marine Sciences
... a. The first was probably to search for food. b. Trade with other cultures was a second reason. c. The third reason for early voyages was discovery of new lands. When was the first recorded sea voyage, and by what civilization? 2. The earliest recorded sea voyage is from 3200 B.C., when Egyptian Pha ...
... a. The first was probably to search for food. b. Trade with other cultures was a second reason. c. The third reason for early voyages was discovery of new lands. When was the first recorded sea voyage, and by what civilization? 2. The earliest recorded sea voyage is from 3200 B.C., when Egyptian Pha ...
D N O P
... I am pleased to submit for your review the enclosed report, Developing a National Ocean Policy: MidTerm Report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. Its purpose is to provide you with a summary of our activities, plans, and some preliminary observations as the Commission moves to complete its fact ...
... I am pleased to submit for your review the enclosed report, Developing a National Ocean Policy: MidTerm Report of the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. Its purpose is to provide you with a summary of our activities, plans, and some preliminary observations as the Commission moves to complete its fact ...
Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences: 1959–2009
... by the National Science Foundation as a major multiinstitutional (OSU, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Scripps Institution of Oceanography) study of the dynamics of wind-driven currents over the continental margin off northern California. The OSU SuperCODE project extends the study of coastal ...
... by the National Science Foundation as a major multiinstitutional (OSU, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Scripps Institution of Oceanography) study of the dynamics of wind-driven currents over the continental margin off northern California. The OSU SuperCODE project extends the study of coastal ...
Marine Acidification
... across the air-sea interface. Atmospheric CO2 levels then depend not only on CO2 release rates but also on rates of CO2 absorption by terrestrial and oceanic systems. This uptake can be substantial: oceans typically exchange ~ 100 GtC.yr-1 with the atmosphere, but currently draw down ~ 2 GtC.yr-1 mo ...
... across the air-sea interface. Atmospheric CO2 levels then depend not only on CO2 release rates but also on rates of CO2 absorption by terrestrial and oceanic systems. This uptake can be substantial: oceans typically exchange ~ 100 GtC.yr-1 with the atmosphere, but currently draw down ~ 2 GtC.yr-1 mo ...
Effects of surface current–wind interaction in an
... the effect. Rough scaling suggests that an energetic prevalent spacial scale of oceanic circulation is the Rossby radius of deformation. In typical mid-latitude open-ocean conditions (such as explored by Eden and Dietze, 2009) the first baroclinic Rossby radius is of the order of 50 km and the assoc ...
... the effect. Rough scaling suggests that an energetic prevalent spacial scale of oceanic circulation is the Rossby radius of deformation. In typical mid-latitude open-ocean conditions (such as explored by Eden and Dietze, 2009) the first baroclinic Rossby radius is of the order of 50 km and the assoc ...
Effects of global warming on oceans
Global warming can affect sea levels, coastlines, ocean acidification, ocean currents, seawater, sea surface temperatures, tides, the sea floor, weather, and trigger several changes in ocean bio-geochemistry; all of these affect the functioning of a society.