Richard Thomas / Plymouth
... Discarded red lids from water bottles are a particular problem– in size and colour they mimic the appearance of the krill shrimp that albatross eat. Autopsies have shown an abundance of red-coloured debris in the gut of dead albatross birds. Plastics sometimes undergo chemical decomposition at a ...
... Discarded red lids from water bottles are a particular problem– in size and colour they mimic the appearance of the krill shrimp that albatross eat. Autopsies have shown an abundance of red-coloured debris in the gut of dead albatross birds. Plastics sometimes undergo chemical decomposition at a ...
Turn Down - Climate Analytics
... of current policies—in place and pledged—will very likely lead to warming far in excess of these levels. Indeed, present emission trends put the world plausibly on a path toward 4°C warming within the century. This report is not a comprehensive scientific assessment, as will be forthcoming from the ...
... of current policies—in place and pledged—will very likely lead to warming far in excess of these levels. Indeed, present emission trends put the world plausibly on a path toward 4°C warming within the century. This report is not a comprehensive scientific assessment, as will be forthcoming from the ...
Preserving a balanced ocean: regulating climate change mitigation
... phytoplankton productivity on other marine organisms and marine ecosystems generally, is poorly understood. 19 Increased productivity of phytoplankton may boost the production of other greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide neutralising the positive effects of enhanced carbon dioxide drawdown and th ...
... phytoplankton productivity on other marine organisms and marine ecosystems generally, is poorly understood. 19 Increased productivity of phytoplankton may boost the production of other greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide neutralising the positive effects of enhanced carbon dioxide drawdown and th ...
Summary and Conclusion
... important triggering factors to the development of harmful algal blooms. The vertical distribution of temperature and salinity in the Chattonella bloom area indicated thermohaline stratification in the water column. These stratifications favours the Chattonella cells in their vertical movement minim ...
... important triggering factors to the development of harmful algal blooms. The vertical distribution of temperature and salinity in the Chattonella bloom area indicated thermohaline stratification in the water column. These stratifications favours the Chattonella cells in their vertical movement minim ...
Georgakas D. Konstantinos
... calcite scales. (Calcite is a carbonate mineral often found in limestone chalk.). Blooms of coccolithophores are common in these waters in southern hemisphere's spring and summer. Diatoms also form part of the mix of phytoplankton during this period. (d). It is not always possible to identify the ty ...
... calcite scales. (Calcite is a carbonate mineral often found in limestone chalk.). Blooms of coccolithophores are common in these waters in southern hemisphere's spring and summer. Diatoms also form part of the mix of phytoplankton during this period. (d). It is not always possible to identify the ty ...
QUALITY INFORMATION DOCUMENT For Global Biogeochemical
... The quality of the global biogeochemical system has been assessed using a seven-year hindcast (years 2007-2013). For bias computation, we adopt the following convention: model – observation. The headline results for each of the variables assessed are as follows: Chlorophyll: At sea surface, modelled ...
... The quality of the global biogeochemical system has been assessed using a seven-year hindcast (years 2007-2013). For bias computation, we adopt the following convention: model – observation. The headline results for each of the variables assessed are as follows: Chlorophyll: At sea surface, modelled ...
Extinction: It`s Not Just for Polar Bears.
... aragonite and calcite—that marine creatures need to build shells and skeletons.24 As a result, ocean acidification hinders marine creatures such as corals, crabs, seastars, sea urchins and plankton from building the protective armor they need to survive. Rising acidity also affects the basic functio ...
... aragonite and calcite—that marine creatures need to build shells and skeletons.24 As a result, ocean acidification hinders marine creatures such as corals, crabs, seastars, sea urchins and plankton from building the protective armor they need to survive. Rising acidity also affects the basic functio ...
Dating marine shell in Oceania: Issues and - ANU Press
... to species level, and the dietary and habitat preferences of that species known. In particular, algae grazers3 and deposit-feeders may have anomalously high ∆R values caused by the digestion of detritus in areas dominated by limestone geologies (Anderson et al. 2001; Dye 1994). Even in areas where l ...
... to species level, and the dietary and habitat preferences of that species known. In particular, algae grazers3 and deposit-feeders may have anomalously high ∆R values caused by the digestion of detritus in areas dominated by limestone geologies (Anderson et al. 2001; Dye 1994). Even in areas where l ...
The Influence of CO2 Enrichment on Net Photosynthesis of
... pCO2 naturally range from ca. 150 µatm to well above 1000 µatm under summer conditions in Kõiguste Bay we chose to operate in mesocosms with the pCO2 levels of ca. 2000, ca. 1000, and ca. 200 µatm. Additionally, in 2014 the photosynthesis of Z. marina was measured outside of the mesocosm in the natu ...
... pCO2 naturally range from ca. 150 µatm to well above 1000 µatm under summer conditions in Kõiguste Bay we chose to operate in mesocosms with the pCO2 levels of ca. 2000, ca. 1000, and ca. 200 µatm. Additionally, in 2014 the photosynthesis of Z. marina was measured outside of the mesocosm in the natu ...
implications of climate change on the hydrodynamic behaviour and
... The Snowy River estuary has undergone significant historical changes from its natural state due largely to changes in land use and the significant reduction in catchment inflows from the Snowy Mountains Hydroelectric Scheme (SMHS). Over the next 20-30 years, the Snowy River estuary faces additional ...
... The Snowy River estuary has undergone significant historical changes from its natural state due largely to changes in land use and the significant reduction in catchment inflows from the Snowy Mountains Hydroelectric Scheme (SMHS). Over the next 20-30 years, the Snowy River estuary faces additional ...
$doc.title
... reach waters of salinity of ca 11 PSU. If oxygen levels at the corresponding depth of neutral buoyancy (typically the depth of the permanent halocline in the south-western Baltic proper) are less than 2 ml/l, the eggs will not survive. Consequently, it is important to simulate both salinity and oxyg ...
... reach waters of salinity of ca 11 PSU. If oxygen levels at the corresponding depth of neutral buoyancy (typically the depth of the permanent halocline in the south-western Baltic proper) are less than 2 ml/l, the eggs will not survive. Consequently, it is important to simulate both salinity and oxyg ...
Chapter 36C. North Pacific Ocean
... Seamount Chain). Both create unique habitats that further enhance biodiversity in the North Pacific. The continental shelves around the North Pacific tend to be very narrow with highly variable productivity, with the exception of the continental shelf of the Bering Sea, which is one of the largest a ...
... Seamount Chain). Both create unique habitats that further enhance biodiversity in the North Pacific. The continental shelves around the North Pacific tend to be very narrow with highly variable productivity, with the exception of the continental shelf of the Bering Sea, which is one of the largest a ...
Processes determining the marine alkalinity and calcium carbonate
... phosphate concentrations are low in the deep Arctic Ocean (Figs. 3d, and 4d), intermediate in the deep Atlantic Ocean (Figs. 3a and 4a), and high in the deep North Pacific (Figs. 3b and 4b) and deep northern Indian (Figs. 3c and 4c) oceans. Alk∗ and phosphate distributions are similar because simila ...
... phosphate concentrations are low in the deep Arctic Ocean (Figs. 3d, and 4d), intermediate in the deep Atlantic Ocean (Figs. 3a and 4a), and high in the deep North Pacific (Figs. 3b and 4b) and deep northern Indian (Figs. 3c and 4c) oceans. Alk∗ and phosphate distributions are similar because simila ...
The tropicalization of temperate marine ecosystems
... wind field. In the Southern Hemisphere in particular, these wind changes have been tied to stratospheric ozone depletion and increased greenhouse gas concentrations [15]. Most stateof-the-art climate models incorporating these drivers (which form the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project v. 5, CMIP5 ...
... wind field. In the Southern Hemisphere in particular, these wind changes have been tied to stratospheric ozone depletion and increased greenhouse gas concentrations [15]. Most stateof-the-art climate models incorporating these drivers (which form the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project v. 5, CMIP5 ...
Apparent optical properties of the Canadian
... for turbid case-2 waters they are not. Case-1 waters do not require an extensive set of spectral bands for high-quality data products, which rely primarily on the blue-green visible (VIS) wavelengths. Although Arctic AOPs were recognized as different than the world ocean used to derive global satell ...
... for turbid case-2 waters they are not. Case-1 waters do not require an extensive set of spectral bands for high-quality data products, which rely primarily on the blue-green visible (VIS) wavelengths. Although Arctic AOPs were recognized as different than the world ocean used to derive global satell ...
Climate effects on Barents Sea ecosystem dynamics
... reports and publications: age 1+ capelin, acoustic estimates in September (ICES, 2011); age 1 and 2 herring, virtual population analysis (VPA) estimates (ICES, 2010), using the standard weights at age (9 g at age 1, 20 g at age 2); age 1+ polar cod and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), acoust ...
... reports and publications: age 1+ capelin, acoustic estimates in September (ICES, 2011); age 1 and 2 herring, virtual population analysis (VPA) estimates (ICES, 2010), using the standard weights at age (9 g at age 1, 20 g at age 2); age 1+ polar cod and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), acoust ...
full paper (PDF File)
... which contributes to the wellbeing of communities. There is also growing consensus that coastal wetland ecosystems are more important as carbon stores than any other ecosystem. The importance of conserving coastal wetlands to prevent increases in greenhouse gas emissions, sequester carbon and protec ...
... which contributes to the wellbeing of communities. There is also growing consensus that coastal wetland ecosystems are more important as carbon stores than any other ecosystem. The importance of conserving coastal wetlands to prevent increases in greenhouse gas emissions, sequester carbon and protec ...
Chapter I Deep-sea ecosystems: their functioning and biodiversity
... environments and most of the abyssal seafloor is highly stable for long periods of time, but evidence accumulated since 1960s has shown that the deep sea is in fact a dynamic environment: in some regions and especially along continental margins sediment instability, strong bottom current, dense wat ...
... environments and most of the abyssal seafloor is highly stable for long periods of time, but evidence accumulated since 1960s has shown that the deep sea is in fact a dynamic environment: in some regions and especially along continental margins sediment instability, strong bottom current, dense wat ...
Differential responses of seabirds to
... examine habitat utilization of free-ranging individuals (review by Burger and Shaffer, 2008) and may provide more insight into population processes in relation to ocean variability (Weimerskirch et al., 2001; Paredes et al., 2014). In this study, we examined the foraging behavior of two seabird spec ...
... examine habitat utilization of free-ranging individuals (review by Burger and Shaffer, 2008) and may provide more insight into population processes in relation to ocean variability (Weimerskirch et al., 2001; Paredes et al., 2014). In this study, we examined the foraging behavior of two seabird spec ...
Possible outline for a global integrated assessment of the
... (4) Can improved implementation of existing policies address these problems? (5) Are there policy gaps and if so, what type of new policies could be considered? (6) What would be the environmental, social and economic consequences of improved implementation and/or new policies? (7) Do data and/or kn ...
... (4) Can improved implementation of existing policies address these problems? (5) Are there policy gaps and if so, what type of new policies could be considered? (6) What would be the environmental, social and economic consequences of improved implementation and/or new policies? (7) Do data and/or kn ...
Effects of global warming on oceans
Global warming can affect sea levels, coastlines, ocean acidification, ocean currents, seawater, sea surface temperatures, tides, the sea floor, weather, and trigger several changes in ocean bio-geochemistry; all of these affect the functioning of a society.