Neptune and Triton_ Essential pieces of the Solar System puzzle
... Uranus called the “ice giants”, because both planets are primarily composed of “ices” (volatile elements heavier than hydrogen and helium). However, there are fundamental and important differences between the Uranus and Neptune planetary systems, which their common classification as ice giant planets ...
... Uranus called the “ice giants”, because both planets are primarily composed of “ices” (volatile elements heavier than hydrogen and helium). However, there are fundamental and important differences between the Uranus and Neptune planetary systems, which their common classification as ice giant planets ...
Mercury`s sodium exosphere - OpenBU
... To interpret the data physically, I simulate the escape of Mercury’s sodium exosphere with a numerical model using Monte Carlo techniques. I have developed this model to constrain, and in some cases eliminate, the many uncertainties regarding the nature of the sources of Mercury’s atmosphere. In my ...
... To interpret the data physically, I simulate the escape of Mercury’s sodium exosphere with a numerical model using Monte Carlo techniques. I have developed this model to constrain, and in some cases eliminate, the many uncertainties regarding the nature of the sources of Mercury’s atmosphere. In my ...
new horizons pluto approach navigation
... more directly useful. Differenced range may be obtained by differencing two range measurements taken over an interval of time or by integrating the Doppler data over the same time interval. Since the integrated Doppler data are more accurate, this data type is used as the primary source of differenc ...
... more directly useful. Differenced range may be obtained by differencing two range measurements taken over an interval of time or by integrating the Doppler data over the same time interval. Since the integrated Doppler data are more accurate, this data type is used as the primary source of differenc ...
Plasma Diagnostics and Hydrodynamic Evolution of Solar Flares
... cooling model. The model is found to provide a well-defined lower limit to the observed cooling time of a flare, but does not well fit the distribution. The discrepancies between the model and observations are assumed to be due to additional heating which is then compared to the flares’ overall ther ...
... cooling model. The model is found to provide a well-defined lower limit to the observed cooling time of a flare, but does not well fit the distribution. The discrepancies between the model and observations are assumed to be due to additional heating which is then compared to the flares’ overall ther ...
Extreme Energy Events (EEE) – Science inside Schools The EEE
... secondary cosmic rays as a function of time, for two neutron monitors (a) located in Oulu and Rome, and for the EEE muon telescopes (b, c, d) placed, respectively, in Altamura, Catania and Bologna has been given the privilege to appear on the cover page of the journal which published the result, as ...
... secondary cosmic rays as a function of time, for two neutron monitors (a) located in Oulu and Rome, and for the EEE muon telescopes (b, c, d) placed, respectively, in Altamura, Catania and Bologna has been given the privilege to appear on the cover page of the journal which published the result, as ...
Plasmoid-induced-reconnection and fractal reconnection Kazunari Shibata and Syuniti Tanuma
... after prominence eruptions or CMEs are physically similar to flare arcades even though their total X-ray intensity is much lower than that of normal flares (e.g., Tsuneta et al., 1992b; Hanaoka et al., 1994). Figure 2 shows several examples of plasmoid (flux rope) ejections on the Sun from the large ...
... after prominence eruptions or CMEs are physically similar to flare arcades even though their total X-ray intensity is much lower than that of normal flares (e.g., Tsuneta et al., 1992b; Hanaoka et al., 1994). Figure 2 shows several examples of plasmoid (flux rope) ejections on the Sun from the large ...
The Sun as a star: observations of white-light flares - HAL-Insu
... Several WLFs have, however, been observed with Yohkoh (e.g. Matthews et al. 2003) and TRACE (e.g. Hudson et al. 2006); these studies have confirmed the importance of WLFs and their association with the hard X-rays in the impulsive phase of the flare. Furthermore, many flares were observed with no as ...
... Several WLFs have, however, been observed with Yohkoh (e.g. Matthews et al. 2003) and TRACE (e.g. Hudson et al. 2006); these studies have confirmed the importance of WLFs and their association with the hard X-rays in the impulsive phase of the flare. Furthermore, many flares were observed with no as ...
Methods and Lessons Learned Determining The H
... 0.3. How difficult is it to distinguish between these curves? If we have noise-free data ranging from α ≈ 0° to α ≈ 30°, it’s easy to tell the two curves apart. For example, the brightness difference between the curves at α ≈ 25° is about 0.25 mag. If we only had data going to, say, α ≈ 10°, it woul ...
... 0.3. How difficult is it to distinguish between these curves? If we have noise-free data ranging from α ≈ 0° to α ≈ 30°, it’s easy to tell the two curves apart. For example, the brightness difference between the curves at α ≈ 25° is about 0.25 mag. If we only had data going to, say, α ≈ 10°, it woul ...
Non-thermal hard X-ray emission from stellar coronae
... Circumstellar disks are subject to high-energy radiation, winds, and energetic particles originating from the central star ⇒ heating, ionization, evaporation How is planetary formation affected? ...
... Circumstellar disks are subject to high-energy radiation, winds, and energetic particles originating from the central star ⇒ heating, ionization, evaporation How is planetary formation affected? ...
Measuring distances to the edge of the local group
... distances more accurately, we hope to better assess whether or not they should be considered part of the local group. When combined with measurements of radial velocities (Fouqué et al. 1990, de Vaucouleurs 1991), we can use these distances to determine whether these galaxies experience greater eff ...
... distances more accurately, we hope to better assess whether or not they should be considered part of the local group. When combined with measurements of radial velocities (Fouqué et al. 1990, de Vaucouleurs 1991), we can use these distances to determine whether these galaxies experience greater eff ...
GMT Enclosure Wind and Thermal Study
... pressure model test. The type of model test used for this project is known as the Synchronous Pressure Method (Cochran 2010) in which the overall aerodynamic loads are synthesized from pressures measured at 660 locations on the pressuretapped model. Since the full-scale building can rotate, an agree ...
... pressure model test. The type of model test used for this project is known as the Synchronous Pressure Method (Cochran 2010) in which the overall aerodynamic loads are synthesized from pressures measured at 660 locations on the pressuretapped model. Since the full-scale building can rotate, an agree ...
3. What are the intrinsic and extrinsic environments of exoplanets?
... acquire the appropriate data through supplementary observations. In particular, the PU coronagraphic optics group is developing high-contrast imaging techniques that will be invaluable in identifying faint companions of nearby stars from the ground and in studying terrestrial exoplanets directly via ...
... acquire the appropriate data through supplementary observations. In particular, the PU coronagraphic optics group is developing high-contrast imaging techniques that will be invaluable in identifying faint companions of nearby stars from the ground and in studying terrestrial exoplanets directly via ...
structure and evolution of white dwarfs and their
... gravity. Reliable masses can only be derived from accurate effective temperature and surface gravity measurements. Importantly, metals are difficult to detect in cool white dwarfs but still play an important role in cooling. Therefore, abundances measured in hotter stars provide important data as to ...
... gravity. Reliable masses can only be derived from accurate effective temperature and surface gravity measurements. Importantly, metals are difficult to detect in cool white dwarfs but still play an important role in cooling. Therefore, abundances measured in hotter stars provide important data as to ...
The presence of gamma rays in space was known before they were
... however the main definition of a gamma ray is that its source has to be from the nucleus of an atom and not from one of the electrons surrounding the nucleus. This means X-rays which are generated from electrons can have same energies as gamma rays, but it is important to make a distinction between ...
... however the main definition of a gamma ray is that its source has to be from the nucleus of an atom and not from one of the electrons surrounding the nucleus. This means X-rays which are generated from electrons can have same energies as gamma rays, but it is important to make a distinction between ...
Seeding the Universe with Life
... chemistry that evolved naturally. Should we accept these new life forms as fellow life? A general definition of life may also include non-biological robots. We will construct robots for good reasons, as they can serve us. They can explore space because robots can greatly exceed us in endurance, life ...
... chemistry that evolved naturally. Should we accept these new life forms as fellow life? A general definition of life may also include non-biological robots. We will construct robots for good reasons, as they can serve us. They can explore space because robots can greatly exceed us in endurance, life ...
Former PARI students shine at AAS PARI Calendar
... However, some comets don’t’ return; their orbits are extremely elongated to indicate they originated far beyond the outer planets in a region of space postulated by the late Dutch astronomer Jan Oort to be roughly 1000 times farther away than even the former planet Pluto. These comets have probably ...
... However, some comets don’t’ return; their orbits are extremely elongated to indicate they originated far beyond the outer planets in a region of space postulated by the late Dutch astronomer Jan Oort to be roughly 1000 times farther away than even the former planet Pluto. These comets have probably ...
ExoOrg_NAI
... classes of comets, based on their organic chemistry, and to tie each class to a place of origin in the protoplanetary disk. We propose to evaluate the size distribution of icy planetesimals scattered towards Earth, and to assess the delivery of organics from each giant-planets’ zone. Organics contai ...
... classes of comets, based on their organic chemistry, and to tie each class to a place of origin in the protoplanetary disk. We propose to evaluate the size distribution of icy planetesimals scattered towards Earth, and to assess the delivery of organics from each giant-planets’ zone. Organics contai ...
a history of the mcmath-pierce solar telescope - NSO
... the past four decades. Only now are plans being formed for a solar telescope to surpass its 1.6-meter aperture. An unusual all-reflecting optical system was chosen for the McM-P. A 2-meter heliostat feeds a beam to an open-air, unobstructed mirror system that produces an image of the Sun that’s roug ...
... the past four decades. Only now are plans being formed for a solar telescope to surpass its 1.6-meter aperture. An unusual all-reflecting optical system was chosen for the McM-P. A 2-meter heliostat feeds a beam to an open-air, unobstructed mirror system that produces an image of the Sun that’s roug ...
Advanced Composition Explorer
Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) is a NASA Explorers program Solar and space exploration mission to study matter comprising energetic particles from the solar wind, the interplanetary medium, and other sources. Real-time data from ACE is used by the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center to improve forecasts and warnings of solar storms. The ACE robotic spacecraft was launched August 25, 1997 and entered a Lissajous orbit close to the L1 Lagrangian point (which lies between the Sun and the Earth at a distance of some 1.5 million km from the latter) on December 12, 1997. The spacecraft is currently operating at that orbit. Because ACE is in a non-Keplerian orbit, and has regular station-keeping maneuvers, the orbital parameters at right are only approximate. The spacecraft is still in generally good condition in 2015, and is projected to have enough fuel to maintain its orbit until 2024. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center managed the development and integration of the ACE spacecraft.