Ocean dynamics determine the response of oceanic CO2 uptake to
... were then split into 11 chunks of 30 years and differences between all chunks were calculated. The null hypothesis states that the difference between the two transient simulations is within the range of differences between randomly chosen 30-year chunks. We reject this hypothesis if the actual diffe ...
... were then split into 11 chunks of 30 years and differences between all chunks were calculated. The null hypothesis states that the difference between the two transient simulations is within the range of differences between randomly chosen 30-year chunks. We reject this hypothesis if the actual diffe ...
Preindustrial to present-day changes in tropospheric hydroxyl
... 33 % (Thompson et al., 1992; Wang and Jacob, 1998; Mickley et al., 1999; Hauglustaine and Brasseur, 2001; Grenfell et al., 2001; Lelieveld et al., 2002; Shindell et al., 2003; Wong et al., 2004; Lamarque et al., 2005a; Shindell et al., 2006a; Skeie et al., 2010; Sofen et al., 2011; John et al., 2012 ...
... 33 % (Thompson et al., 1992; Wang and Jacob, 1998; Mickley et al., 1999; Hauglustaine and Brasseur, 2001; Grenfell et al., 2001; Lelieveld et al., 2002; Shindell et al., 2003; Wong et al., 2004; Lamarque et al., 2005a; Shindell et al., 2006a; Skeie et al., 2010; Sofen et al., 2011; John et al., 2012 ...
The recent Sahel drought is real
... The potential effects of changes in station networks and other nonclimatic inhomogeneities in historical records of temperature and precipitation have long been recognized and investigated (e.g. Mitchell et al., 1966; Hansen and Lebedeff, 1987; Groisman et al., 1991; Jones and Hulme, 1996; Folland e ...
... The potential effects of changes in station networks and other nonclimatic inhomogeneities in historical records of temperature and precipitation have long been recognized and investigated (e.g. Mitchell et al., 1966; Hansen and Lebedeff, 1987; Groisman et al., 1991; Jones and Hulme, 1996; Folland e ...
- Department of Biological Sciences
... Translocation experiments: A reciprocal transplant experiment within a climatic gradient in a semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystem: effects on bunchgrass growth and reproduction, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen. Link S et al., 2003, Global Change Biology, 9, 1097-1105 ...
... Translocation experiments: A reciprocal transplant experiment within a climatic gradient in a semiarid shrub-steppe ecosystem: effects on bunchgrass growth and reproduction, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen. Link S et al., 2003, Global Change Biology, 9, 1097-1105 ...
Local Climate Variability and Crop Production in the Central
... of Ethiopia (Fig. 1). According to the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) (2013) the total population of the three districts is 371,890 out of which 188,820 are males and 183,070 are females. Menz Gera Meder is in the Dega (highland) agroecological zone while Basona Werana and Efratana Gidim are in th ...
... of Ethiopia (Fig. 1). According to the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) (2013) the total population of the three districts is 371,890 out of which 188,820 are males and 183,070 are females. Menz Gera Meder is in the Dega (highland) agroecological zone while Basona Werana and Efratana Gidim are in th ...
Arctic Climate Change and Security Policy Conference
... natural resources and energy, agriculture, and wildlife. Indigenous peoples’ way of life is changing, and new health and disease concerns are arising as climate changes in the North. If this were not sufficient cause for the urgent attention of policy makers, concerns also have arisen about whether ...
... natural resources and energy, agriculture, and wildlife. Indigenous peoples’ way of life is changing, and new health and disease concerns are arising as climate changes in the North. If this were not sufficient cause for the urgent attention of policy makers, concerns also have arisen about whether ...
What do the Appendices to the Copenhagen Accord tell us about global greenhouse gas emissions and the prospects for avoiding a rise in global average temperature of more than 2°C? (436 kB) (opens in new window)
... reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, which have been submitted by countries to the Appendices of the Copenhagen Accord. These targets and intended actions are quantified and assessed in terms of global emissions to provide an understanding of the extent to which planned actions are consistent wit ...
... reducing emissions of greenhouse gases, which have been submitted by countries to the Appendices of the Copenhagen Accord. These targets and intended actions are quantified and assessed in terms of global emissions to provide an understanding of the extent to which planned actions are consistent wit ...
Contribution of soil moisture feedback to hydroclimatic variability
... i.e. sequences of consecutive wet or dry years become more common. Schubert et al. (2004) do not discuss the impact of interactive soil moisture on other land regions. Here, we extend these studies by explicitly examining how soil moisture feedback changes the spatial, as well as temporal, scale of ...
... i.e. sequences of consecutive wet or dry years become more common. Schubert et al. (2004) do not discuss the impact of interactive soil moisture on other land regions. Here, we extend these studies by explicitly examining how soil moisture feedback changes the spatial, as well as temporal, scale of ...
WestminsterResearch Climate change adaptation planning under
... balance between climate change impacts and local government decisionmaking capacity is a vital for successful adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Urban spatial planning and wider environmental planning not only play a major role in reducing/mitigating risks but also have a key role in adapt ...
... balance between climate change impacts and local government decisionmaking capacity is a vital for successful adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Urban spatial planning and wider environmental planning not only play a major role in reducing/mitigating risks but also have a key role in adapt ...
Good-Bye Kyoto - Carbon Market Watch
... laudable step forward in ambition. Yet, if emission reductions from such jurisdictions are counted towards national targets and sold as CDM offset credits at the same time, these reductions are counted towards multiple reduction goals. This means that the actual global emissions could be higher than ...
... laudable step forward in ambition. Yet, if emission reductions from such jurisdictions are counted towards national targets and sold as CDM offset credits at the same time, these reductions are counted towards multiple reduction goals. This means that the actual global emissions could be higher than ...
Downloaded - Royal Society Open Science
... 5 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA ...
... 5 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA ...
Draft Environmental Impact Statement
... The effects of the alternatives on climate – CO2 concentrations, temperature, precipitation, and sea level rise – can translate into impacts on key resources, including freshwater resources, terrestrial ecosystems, coastal ecosystems, land use, human health, and environmental justice. Although the a ...
... The effects of the alternatives on climate – CO2 concentrations, temperature, precipitation, and sea level rise – can translate into impacts on key resources, including freshwater resources, terrestrial ecosystems, coastal ecosystems, land use, human health, and environmental justice. Although the a ...
South America - International Institute for Sustainable Development
... The continent of South America is full of geographic extremes—from the dryness of the Atacama Desert, to the lushness of the extensive Amazon Rainforest, to the snowcapped peaks of the Andes Mountains, and the fertile lowlands of the Pampas. Its heterogeneous geography has contributed to the contine ...
... The continent of South America is full of geographic extremes—from the dryness of the Atacama Desert, to the lushness of the extensive Amazon Rainforest, to the snowcapped peaks of the Andes Mountains, and the fertile lowlands of the Pampas. Its heterogeneous geography has contributed to the contine ...
Science Plan - IGOS Cryosphere
... moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, and atmospheric and oceanic circulation. The cryosphere plays a significant role in global climate, in climate model response to global change, and as an indicator of change in the climate system. However, the impact and response of the entire cryos ...
... moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, and atmospheric and oceanic circulation. The cryosphere plays a significant role in global climate, in climate model response to global change, and as an indicator of change in the climate system. However, the impact and response of the entire cryos ...
National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem
... agriculture which characterize the region are special. It is now widely recognized that the rich and diverse Himalayan ecosystem is fragile. Un-sustainable changes in the ecosystem should be carefully avoided. The perennial rivers of north India depend heavily upon the sustainability of glaciers and ...
... agriculture which characterize the region are special. It is now widely recognized that the rich and diverse Himalayan ecosystem is fragile. Un-sustainable changes in the ecosystem should be carefully avoided. The perennial rivers of north India depend heavily upon the sustainability of glaciers and ...
Four Futures for Energy Markets and Climate Change
... FOUR FUTURES FOR ENERGY MARKETS AND CLIMATE CHANGE: INTRODUCTION ...
... FOUR FUTURES FOR ENERGY MARKETS AND CLIMATE CHANGE: INTRODUCTION ...
Jordan`s Third National
... It is a very suitable timing to launch Jordan’s Third National Communication report on Climate Change which will be submitted to the UNFCCC and then to the international community of Climate Change stakeholders. As the UNFCCC negotiations are approaching the crunch time of developing an ambitious, f ...
... It is a very suitable timing to launch Jordan’s Third National Communication report on Climate Change which will be submitted to the UNFCCC and then to the international community of Climate Change stakeholders. As the UNFCCC negotiations are approaching the crunch time of developing an ambitious, f ...
Food and Climate change: A review of the effects of climate change
... The purpose of the report was to inform the Food Standards Agency (FSA) on how climate change may affect their ability to deliver safe and healthy food, and to suggest ways that the FSA may engage in climate change mitigation and adaptation. These policy implications are highlighted in bold. ...
... The purpose of the report was to inform the Food Standards Agency (FSA) on how climate change may affect their ability to deliver safe and healthy food, and to suggest ways that the FSA may engage in climate change mitigation and adaptation. These policy implications are highlighted in bold. ...
Importance of carbon dioxide physiological forcing to future climate
... CAM3.5 model coupled with a mixed-layer version of the CCSM3 ocean/thermodynamic sea-ice model (refer to the Methods section for detailed descriptions of the model used and simulations performed). Results presented here are annual mean climate change averaged over the last 70 yr of 100-year simulati ...
... CAM3.5 model coupled with a mixed-layer version of the CCSM3 ocean/thermodynamic sea-ice model (refer to the Methods section for detailed descriptions of the model used and simulations performed). Results presented here are annual mean climate change averaged over the last 70 yr of 100-year simulati ...
GAN workshop report - Climate Technology Centre & Network
... The adaptation gap can be defined generically as the difference between implemented adaptation and a societally set goal. Estimating the adaptation gap is far more challenging than calculating the emissions gap, because 1) there is no globally agreed goal or metrics for adaptation, and 2) adaptation ...
... The adaptation gap can be defined generically as the difference between implemented adaptation and a societally set goal. Estimating the adaptation gap is far more challenging than calculating the emissions gap, because 1) there is no globally agreed goal or metrics for adaptation, and 2) adaptation ...
Asia-Pacific Human Development Report
... The cover design plays upon a traditional sepak takraw ball as a metaphor for the Earth. Hand-fashioned from rattan and unique to Asia-Pacific, the ball symbolises interconnectedness, resilience and creativity — leveraging these can help deal with climate change, while ignoring them will affect huma ...
... The cover design plays upon a traditional sepak takraw ball as a metaphor for the Earth. Hand-fashioned from rattan and unique to Asia-Pacific, the ball symbolises interconnectedness, resilience and creativity — leveraging these can help deal with climate change, while ignoring them will affect huma ...
East Midlands Sustainable Development Round Table The Potential
... Overall, we will have to live with some level of climate change and plan accordingly. In order to do this we will have to take climate change into account when planning our water resources, flood defences, industry, agriculture, housing and other developments and biodiversity. However, the priority ...
... Overall, we will have to live with some level of climate change and plan accordingly. In order to do this we will have to take climate change into account when planning our water resources, flood defences, industry, agriculture, housing and other developments and biodiversity. However, the priority ...
South-South Cooperation in Technologies for Adaptation for Water
... measures through the replicability of experiences and technologies that countries accumulate in their own development processes to other similar environments. SSC is based on the premise that developing countries are better positioned to mutually contribute to the solution of their development chall ...
... measures through the replicability of experiences and technologies that countries accumulate in their own development processes to other similar environments. SSC is based on the premise that developing countries are better positioned to mutually contribute to the solution of their development chall ...
Surveys of scientists' views on climate change
Several surveys have been conducted of the opinions of scientists on anthropogenic climate change. They have generally concluded that the majority of scientists believe that human activity is contributing to global warming.