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AAAI Proceedings Template
AAAI Proceedings Template

... et al, 2000] deductive database. XSB has several virtues which include its impressive speed in performing deductions in large knowledge bases which may have long inference chains. As we discuss below, XSB Prolog is, however, a rather basic language for knowledge representation compared to languages ...
KOWALSKI, Robert, Anthony Computational logic, including
KOWALSKI, Robert, Anthony Computational logic, including

... SL-resolution with Donald Kuehner, and on the connection-graph proof-procedure. The SL-resolution proof-procedure, with its goal-reduction proof strategy and its last-in-firstout selection of sub-goals contributed to his later work on the development of logic programming. The connection-graph proof- ...
Document
Document

... – most of the existing work has a limitation on reasoning power. – The procedures of the models based on argumentation or logic programs normally lack of necessary game-theoretic properties. ...
document
document

... Recall that a complete inference algorithm is one that can derive any sentence that is entailed Resolution is a single inference rule • Guarantees the ability to derive any sentence that is entailed – i.e. it is complete • It must be partnered with a complete search algorithm ...
CS607_Current_Subjective
CS607_Current_Subjective

... – Too many variables, for instance, the learning algorithm, number of neurons per layer, number of layers, data representation etc • Knowledge is implicit ...
Appendix: Pruning Search Space for Weighted
Appendix: Pruning Search Space for Weighted

... Herbrand Interpretation: A (Herbrand) interpretation is a truth assignment to all the atoms formed as a result of replacing the variables in a predicate by all the possible constants (objects). Herbrand Model: a Herbrand model is simply a Herbrand interpretation that makes a wellformed formula true. ...
An Advanced System for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
An Advanced System for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

... tem has been recently engineered for industrial exploitation, and is successfully employed in many challenging real-world applications, for instance in the area of Knowledge Management, and advanced Information Integration. Among the many features of the system, it is worth remarking the following: ...
An Advanced System for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
An Advanced System for Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

... system has been recently engineered for industrial exploitation, and is already employed in many challenging real-world applications, for instance in the area of Knowledge Management, and advanced Information Integration. Among the many features of the system, it is worth remarking the following: A ...
Bringing Bits, Bytes, Devices and Computers to Life
Bringing Bits, Bytes, Devices and Computers to Life

... • Marie Emulated in Multi-Media Logic – Requires building the data path – Requires designing the control circuitry – Runs programs assembled with Null’s Marie ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... – Evaluation metric is the number of clauses that evaluate to true – Move “in direction” of guesses that cause more clauses to be true – Many local mins, use lots of randomness ...
G, L, M
G, L, M

... – Evaluation metric is the number of clauses that evaluate to true – Move “in direction” of guesses that cause more clauses to be true – Many local mins, use lots of randomness ...
Lecture Notes on Prolog 15-317: Constructive Logic Frank Pfenning
Lecture Notes on Prolog 15-317: Constructive Logic Frank Pfenning

... the search for a proof of A when it succeeds for the first time, and also commits to the first clause of if_then_else. The solution of B will create choice points and backtrack as usual, except when it fails the second clause of if_then_else will never be tried. If A fails before the cut, then the s ...
EECE 503 – SPECIAL TOPICS: Artificial Intelligence and its
EECE 503 – SPECIAL TOPICS: Artificial Intelligence and its

... EECE 503 – SPECIAL TOPICS: Artificial Intelligence and its Applications (3 credits) ...
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Lecture02_3337_2009

... • simple implementations are very inefficient • some types of knowledge are not easily expressed in such rules • large sets of rules become difficult to understand and maintain ...
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CMPUT 650: Learning To Make Decisions

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teacher clues - ITGS Textbook

... 2. Expert system: software which tries to provide the same answers as a human in a specific knowledge domain. 3. Knowledge base: A component of an expert system which holds facts and rules. 4. Knowledge domain: An area of specialisation for an expert system 5. Knowledge engineer: This person takes k ...
CLASS1: Introduction - Xavier Institute of Management
CLASS1: Introduction - Xavier Institute of Management

... (PROLOG) was created in France during the early 1970’s in order to provide a machine efficient way of programming logic. b. Predicate Logic. PROLOG is based on the assumption that logic statements can represent knowledge. Abelson and Sussman (1985) have suggested that PROLOG was a response to the no ...
The IDP System - Lirias
The IDP System - Lirias

... T to a model of T . Model expansion generalizes both model checking (if σ = Σ) and model generation for a given finite domain (if σ is empty). The IDP system shares applications with other model generation systems such as Answer Set Programming (ASP) solvers [1], Constraint Programming (CP) systems ...
Microsoft Word 97/2000/XP
Microsoft Word 97/2000/XP

... programming languages: their syntax, semantics, and pragmatics; the processing and interpretation of computer programs; programming paradigms; and language design. Illustrative examples will be selected from a variety of programming language paradigms. The study of languages is central to the comput ...
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History of AI
History of AI

... 1965 - Fuzzy Logic  Fuzzy Logic is a departure from classical two-valued logic (True or False)  It is a multi-valued logic that allows intermediate values to be defined between conventional evaluations  Notions like rather warm or pretty cold can be formulated mathematically and processed by com ...
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... Rule: operation to be performed to move from one state to another under some preconditions Precondition: the conditions must be met to qualify the applicable rule ...
PPT - University of Virginia, Department of Computer Science
PPT - University of Virginia, Department of Computer Science

... – CLU - first to demo utility of data abstraction – FP - functional languages come into being. – CSP - clarified many communication/ synchronization issues in parallel langs – Ada - whether of not you like it, it's a significant accomplishment – Logo - computing for children is possible – Mesa - sta ...
ASP-DPOP: Solving Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems
ASP-DPOP: Solving Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems

... sequence of commands to be executed. In this paper, we are interested in exploring a new direction, which is to develop algorithms that use declarative programming techniques. Declarative programs differ from imperative programs in that declarative programs only specify the problem as a set of logic ...
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Logic programming

Logic programming is a programming paradigm based on formal logic. A program written in a logic programming language is a set of sentences in logical form, expressing facts and rules about some problem domain. Major logic programming language families include Prolog, Answer set programming (ASP) and Datalog. In all of these languages, rules are written in the form of clauses:H :- B1, …, Bn.and are read declaratively as logical implications:H if B1 and … and Bn.H is called the head of the rule and B1, …, Bn is called the body. Facts are rules that have no body, and are written in the simplified form:H.In the simplest case in which H, B1, …, Bn are all atomic formulae, these clauses are called definite clauses or Horn clauses. However, there exist many extensions of this simple case, the most important one being the case in which conditions in the body of a clause can also be negations of atomic formulae. Logic programming languages that include this extension have the knowledge representation capabilities of a non-monotonic logic.In ASP and Datalog, logic programs have only a declarative reading, and their execution is performed by means of a proof procedure or model generator whose behaviour is not meant to be under the control of the programmer. However, in the Prolog family of languages, logic programs also have a procedural interpretation as goal-reduction procedures:to solve H, solve B1, and ... and solve Bn.Consider, for example, the following clause:fallible(X) :- human(X).based on an example used by Terry Winograd to illustrate the programming language Planner. As a clause in a logic program, it can be used both as a procedure to test whether X is fallible by testing whether X is human, and as a procedure to find an X that is fallible by finding an X that is human. Even facts have a procedural interpretation. For example, the clause:human(socrates).can be used both as a procedure to show that socrates is human, and as a procedure to find an X that is human by ""assigning"" socrates to X.The declarative reading of logic programs can be used by a programmer to verify their correctness. Moreover, logic-based program transformation techniques can also be used to transform logic programs into logically equivalent programs that are more efficient. In the Prolog family of logic programming languages, the programmer can also use the known problem-solving behaviour of the execution mechanism to improve the efficiency of programs.
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