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Finite topological spaces
Finite topological spaces

STABLE TOPOLOGICAL CYCLIC HOMOLOGY IS TOPOLOGICAL
STABLE TOPOLOGICAL CYCLIC HOMOLOGY IS TOPOLOGICAL

Kite and Trapezoid Properties
Kite and Trapezoid Properties

minimal sequential hausdorff spaces
minimal sequential hausdorff spaces

FIBRED COARSE EMBEDDINGS, A-T
FIBRED COARSE EMBEDDINGS, A-T

... problems was pioneered in [25]: Theorem 1. Let X be a uniformly discrete space with bounded geometry that admits a fibred coarse embedding into Hilbert space. Then the associated boundary groupoid G(X)|∂βX is a-T-menable. We define the boundary groupoid G(X)|∂βX in Definition 13. This result gives u ...
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES FOR MATHEMATICS 205A — Part 5
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES FOR MATHEMATICS 205A — Part 5

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What We Knew About Hyperbolic Geometry Before We Knew
What We Knew About Hyperbolic Geometry Before We Knew

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Simplicial Sets - Stanford Computer Graphics
Simplicial Sets - Stanford Computer Graphics

... • Linear-time algorithm to reduce the size of a complex • Can use Gaussian Elimination to compute Homology of simplified complex ...
A Decomposition of m-Continuity
A Decomposition of m-Continuity

... si Cercetări Ştiinţifice, Seria Matematică, Universitatea Bacǎu (to appear) [20]Levine N., Semi-open sets and semi-continuity in topological spaces, American Mathematical Monthly, 70, pp. 36–41, 1963 [21]Levine N., Generalized closed sets in topology, Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di ...
D int cl int cl A = int cl A.
D int cl int cl A = int cl A.

... Moreover, if O is an orbit comeagre in an open set O ⊆ X , then (2) holds for O . Proof. (1)⇒(2): If O ⊆ X is a non-meagre orbit, let O ⊆ X be a non-empty open set in which O is comeagre. Now, if V ⊆ O is non-empty open and U ⊆ G is a neighbourhood of 1, pick x ∈ V ∩O and choose an open neighbourhoo ...
Exercise Sheet 4
Exercise Sheet 4

... Exercises 5 and 6(a) are taken or adapted from the book Algebraic Geometry by Hartshorne. 1. Let X ⊂ Rn be a differentiable submanifold. Let F be the sheaf of normal vector fields on X, i.e., of C ∞ -functions X → Rn whose values at each x ∈ X are orthogonal to the tangent space TX,x . (a) Prove tha ...
Introduction to spectral spaces
Introduction to spectral spaces

... Definition (distributive lattice) A lattice L is a poset L = (L, ≤) such that for all a, b ∈ L the supremum x ∨ y and the infimum x ∧ y exists in L. We shall always assume that L is bounded (i.e. L has a smallest element 0 and a largest element 1) and that L is distributive (i.e. a ∧ (b ∨ c) = (a ∧ ...
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The homotopy category is a homotopy category. Arne Str¢m
The homotopy category is a homotopy category. Arne Str¢m

Ultrafilters and Independent Systems - KTIML
Ultrafilters and Independent Systems - KTIML

Lectures on Klein surfaces and their fundamental group.
Lectures on Klein surfaces and their fundamental group.

... associated an orientable (in fact, oriented) real surface, i.e. a two-dimensional manifold. Conversely, any compact, connected, orientable surface admits a structure of complex analytic manifold of dimension one (i.e. a Riemann surface structure), with respect to which it embeds onto a complex subma ...
A Poincaré inequality on loop spaces - Xue
A Poincaré inequality on loop spaces - Xue

The Concept of Separable Connectedness
The Concept of Separable Connectedness

Chapter 3 Foundations of Geometry 2
Chapter 3 Foundations of Geometry 2

Universal real locally convex linear topological spaces
Universal real locally convex linear topological spaces

... isometrically and isomorphically embedded into the (C) — space of all continuous functions in (o, i) with norm [|y[|==maxy(.y), fi5]. Recently E. Silverman [12] has embedded the same spaces into the space (m), i. e. the space of all bounded infinite sequences (*) with the norm ||a||==:sup a^\ where ...
Separation of Fuzzy Topological Space
Separation of Fuzzy Topological Space

NONTRIVIALLY NOETHERIAN C∗-ALGEBRAS A
NONTRIVIALLY NOETHERIAN C∗-ALGEBRAS A

-closed subsets of Hausdorff spaces
-closed subsets of Hausdorff spaces

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3-manifold



In mathematics, a 3-manifold is a space that locally looks like Euclidean 3-dimensional space. Intuitively, a 3-manifold can be thought of as a possible shape of the universe. Just like a sphere looks like a plane to a small enough observer, all 3-manifolds look like our universe does to a small enough observer. This is made more precise in the definition below.
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