04-Membranes-Organelles
... Arise from the Golgi complex They contain enzymes that break down macromolecules Function in intracellular digestion of Worn-out cellular components Substances taken into cells The resulting material is then recycled ...
... Arise from the Golgi complex They contain enzymes that break down macromolecules Function in intracellular digestion of Worn-out cellular components Substances taken into cells The resulting material is then recycled ...
Changes in lipid and protein constituents of rafts and caveolae in
... Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel ...
... Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel ...
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... complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-mediated destruction of cyclin B1 that is required for anaphase onset, thereby avoiding chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. The generation of a Mad2-based signal at kinetochores is central to current models of SAC-based APC/C inhibition: during mitosis, the kinetochor ...
... complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-mediated destruction of cyclin B1 that is required for anaphase onset, thereby avoiding chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. The generation of a Mad2-based signal at kinetochores is central to current models of SAC-based APC/C inhibition: during mitosis, the kinetochor ...
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... hemoglobin concentration [10,21]. Other groups utilizing phase measurements have addressed this problem in various manners. One popular approach utilizes two different immersion media to decouple the thickness and refractive index [22–24]. This approach requires that cells be kept in place as the me ...
... hemoglobin concentration [10,21]. Other groups utilizing phase measurements have addressed this problem in various manners. One popular approach utilizes two different immersion media to decouple the thickness and refractive index [22–24]. This approach requires that cells be kept in place as the me ...
Human microcephaly ASPM protein is a spindle pole
... mutations identified in three previous studies were located in front of the HEAT repeat motif: a nonsense mutation at amino acid (aa) 3,233 and a 1-bp deletion at aa 3,252, which introduces a stop codon at aa 3,261 (Fig. 5A). To test the effect of microcephaly mutations in spindle pole organisation, ...
... mutations identified in three previous studies were located in front of the HEAT repeat motif: a nonsense mutation at amino acid (aa) 3,233 and a 1-bp deletion at aa 3,252, which introduces a stop codon at aa 3,261 (Fig. 5A). To test the effect of microcephaly mutations in spindle pole organisation, ...
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... complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-mediated destruction of cyclin B1 that is required for anaphase onset, thereby avoiding chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. The generation of a Mad2-based signal at kinetochores is central to current models of SAC-based APC/C inhibition: during mitosis, the kinetochor ...
... complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-mediated destruction of cyclin B1 that is required for anaphase onset, thereby avoiding chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. The generation of a Mad2-based signal at kinetochores is central to current models of SAC-based APC/C inhibition: during mitosis, the kinetochor ...
The complex cell cycle of the dinoflagellate protoctist
... Target) camera (4036) coupled to a TITN SAMBA 2002 image processor equipped with four image planes (512x512). A mercury or a xenon lamp can be used, depending on the desired excitation wavelength. In our experimental conditions, we used the highpressure mercury lamp (100W) and a dichroic mirror to s ...
... Target) camera (4036) coupled to a TITN SAMBA 2002 image processor equipped with four image planes (512x512). A mercury or a xenon lamp can be used, depending on the desired excitation wavelength. In our experimental conditions, we used the highpressure mercury lamp (100W) and a dichroic mirror to s ...
Bio-ultrasonics Group
... gap junction functionality over the period of 1-60 min in the trap. The potential of the ultrasound trap in the area of cancer biology has been also recognised. We have shown that the ultrasound trap is a technique sensitive enough to aid in the identification of the adhesive properties of cancer ce ...
... gap junction functionality over the period of 1-60 min in the trap. The potential of the ultrasound trap in the area of cancer biology has been also recognised. We have shown that the ultrasound trap is a technique sensitive enough to aid in the identification of the adhesive properties of cancer ce ...
Dynamic Proteomics of Individual Cancer Cells in Response to a
... in individual cells offers clues about what is special about the subpopulation of cells that escapes the drug action. Dynamic proteomics system. We used a retrovirus-based approach, called “CD tagging,” in human H1299 lung carcinoma cells (9–14). We constructed a library of over 1200 cell clones, ea ...
... in individual cells offers clues about what is special about the subpopulation of cells that escapes the drug action. Dynamic proteomics system. We used a retrovirus-based approach, called “CD tagging,” in human H1299 lung carcinoma cells (9–14). We constructed a library of over 1200 cell clones, ea ...
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... source material for treating cartilaginous skeletogenic defects, and with regards to the IVD the majority have focused on NP cells (reviewed in Sivakamasundari and Lufkin, 2012, 2013). The bulk of these studies resulted in cells that were closer in phenotype to chondrocytes, rather than NP cells. Ch ...
... source material for treating cartilaginous skeletogenic defects, and with regards to the IVD the majority have focused on NP cells (reviewed in Sivakamasundari and Lufkin, 2012, 2013). The bulk of these studies resulted in cells that were closer in phenotype to chondrocytes, rather than NP cells. Ch ...
Emerging roles for lipids in non-apoptotic cell death
... further modified (e.g., phosphorylation of PI to generate phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs))(Figure 1b). Furthermore, each glycerophospholipid can contain esterified FAs with different chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation (corresponding to the number of double bonds in the FA chain), ultim ...
... further modified (e.g., phosphorylation of PI to generate phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs))(Figure 1b). Furthermore, each glycerophospholipid can contain esterified FAs with different chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation (corresponding to the number of double bonds in the FA chain), ultim ...
Mechanisms of endothelial cell swelling from lactacidosis studied in
... amiloride (EIPA) hydrochloride was applied in a concentration of 50 mol/l to inhibit Na⫹/H⫹ exchange in the virtual absence of HCO3⫺ (HEPES buffered) in experiments where pHe was reduced to 6.0. A concentration of 1 mmol/l DIDS was used in the presence of HCO3⫺ (25 mmol/l, 5% CO2) to inhibit HCO3⫺ ...
... amiloride (EIPA) hydrochloride was applied in a concentration of 50 mol/l to inhibit Na⫹/H⫹ exchange in the virtual absence of HCO3⫺ (HEPES buffered) in experiments where pHe was reduced to 6.0. A concentration of 1 mmol/l DIDS was used in the presence of HCO3⫺ (25 mmol/l, 5% CO2) to inhibit HCO3⫺ ...
Rab cascades and tethering factors in the endomembrane system
... Given the fact that Rab4 and Rab5 are both acting at a similar stage of the endocytic pathway it is likely that mechanisms exist that coordinate the interplay of both GTPases. Similar to the connection of Rabs and GEFs in the early secretory pathway, evidence has been presented that Rab4-GTP also bi ...
... Given the fact that Rab4 and Rab5 are both acting at a similar stage of the endocytic pathway it is likely that mechanisms exist that coordinate the interplay of both GTPases. Similar to the connection of Rabs and GEFs in the early secretory pathway, evidence has been presented that Rab4-GTP also bi ...
Effects of N: P atomic ratios and nitrate limitation on algal growth, cell
... values. This supports the validity of substituting qop and 9ON for KP and KN and may also be taken as additional evidence for the single-nutrient limitation model, Cell volume-Cell volume increased with N:P following two different linear functions, one below the optimal ratio and the other above it ...
... values. This supports the validity of substituting qop and 9ON for KP and KN and may also be taken as additional evidence for the single-nutrient limitation model, Cell volume-Cell volume increased with N:P following two different linear functions, one below the optimal ratio and the other above it ...
Gram-Negative Bacteria: “Inner” vs. “Cytoplasmic” or “Plasma
... biosynthesis and, in the case of phototrophic bacteria, the photosynthetic apparatus (with the possible exception of some cyanobacteria for which the continuity between the thylakoids and the cytoplasmic membrane remains a subject of discussion [5]). Many of these proteins contain membrane-embedded ...
... biosynthesis and, in the case of phototrophic bacteria, the photosynthetic apparatus (with the possible exception of some cyanobacteria for which the continuity between the thylakoids and the cytoplasmic membrane remains a subject of discussion [5]). Many of these proteins contain membrane-embedded ...
Biosynthesis and properties of the plant cell wall Wolf
... synthesis, suggesting that this enzyme activity is required for cellulose formation in higher plants. Although SG appears to serve as a primer for cellulose synthesis in cotton fibers, it is not clear how far this observation can be generalized. Lipid-linked 1,4-β-glucans have been reported to accum ...
... synthesis, suggesting that this enzyme activity is required for cellulose formation in higher plants. Although SG appears to serve as a primer for cellulose synthesis in cotton fibers, it is not clear how far this observation can be generalized. Lipid-linked 1,4-β-glucans have been reported to accum ...
Abstract Infection of plants by Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (ZYMV
... In the sap of infected plant material ZYMV-particles can be observed after negative staining in the form of flexous, rod shaped structures with an average size between 680 and 730 nm in length and 11–13 nm in width (Gal-On, 2007 and Zechmann and Zellnig, 2009). On the cellular level ZYMV induces sev ...
... In the sap of infected plant material ZYMV-particles can be observed after negative staining in the form of flexous, rod shaped structures with an average size between 680 and 730 nm in length and 11–13 nm in width (Gal-On, 2007 and Zechmann and Zellnig, 2009). On the cellular level ZYMV induces sev ...
Forces Produced by Protofilament Curls Nucleotide Preference for End Binding Proteins
... • GTPγS microtubules had brighter tips than GTP microtubules • EB3 showed the greatest binding affinity at the tip for both microtubule types • EB2 showed the greatest binding affinity for GTPγS microtubul ...
... • GTPγS microtubules had brighter tips than GTP microtubules • EB3 showed the greatest binding affinity at the tip for both microtubule types • EB2 showed the greatest binding affinity for GTPγS microtubul ...
Cell cycle phase-specific death response of tobacco BY
... pathogen elicitors and mostly localized at the site of infection to prevent pathogen spreading through the plant (Dangl, Dietrich & Richberg 1996; Kadota et al. 2004). On the contrary, abiotic stress conditions affect usually multiple tissues and organs simultaneously. The programmed death of certai ...
... pathogen elicitors and mostly localized at the site of infection to prevent pathogen spreading through the plant (Dangl, Dietrich & Richberg 1996; Kadota et al. 2004). On the contrary, abiotic stress conditions affect usually multiple tissues and organs simultaneously. The programmed death of certai ...
Plants Cells
... • Leucoplast: chloroplast loses pigments in dark • Chromoplast: accessory pigments only • Amyloplast: starch synthesis only ...
... • Leucoplast: chloroplast loses pigments in dark • Chromoplast: accessory pigments only • Amyloplast: starch synthesis only ...
CYCLIC CHANGES IN THE CELL SURFACE I. Change in
... about 4 h after shake-off. The rate of incorporation increases up to 12 h, reflecting the continued entry of cells into S from G1 . The CB-treated cells show a dramatic dose-dependent inhibition of incorporation . I Fcg/ml has little effect on the incorporation of [3H]thymidine while 10 µg/ml almost ...
... about 4 h after shake-off. The rate of incorporation increases up to 12 h, reflecting the continued entry of cells into S from G1 . The CB-treated cells show a dramatic dose-dependent inhibition of incorporation . I Fcg/ml has little effect on the incorporation of [3H]thymidine while 10 µg/ml almost ...
2MemTrans
... A. measure the strength of an electrochemical gradient. B. study the properties of individual neurotransmitters. C. infuse different kinds of ions into of an axon. D. study the properties of individual membrane channels. E. None of the above answers are correct. 4. A “passive” membrane transport pro ...
... A. measure the strength of an electrochemical gradient. B. study the properties of individual neurotransmitters. C. infuse different kinds of ions into of an axon. D. study the properties of individual membrane channels. E. None of the above answers are correct. 4. A “passive” membrane transport pro ...
A NIMA-related kinase, Cnk2p, regulates both
... During interphase, Fa2p localizes to the proximal end of the flagella, whereas during mitosis it is associated with the polar region of the mitotic spindle (Mahjoub et al., 2004). This was the first report of a NIMA-related kinase with both cell cycle and ciliary functions; Cnk2p is the second. NIMA ...
... During interphase, Fa2p localizes to the proximal end of the flagella, whereas during mitosis it is associated with the polar region of the mitotic spindle (Mahjoub et al., 2004). This was the first report of a NIMA-related kinase with both cell cycle and ciliary functions; Cnk2p is the second. NIMA ...
Differentiation in plant epidermal cells
... those herbivores and still others are involved in attracting pollinating animals. In many organs these different functions are fulfilled simultaneously by the activities of different specialized cells, and for those cells to function effectively they must be distributed in a non-random pattern. The for ...
... those herbivores and still others are involved in attracting pollinating animals. In many organs these different functions are fulfilled simultaneously by the activities of different specialized cells, and for those cells to function effectively they must be distributed in a non-random pattern. The for ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.