Comparing aquatic and terrestrial grazing ecosystems: is the grass
... mechanism of interspecific facilitation in grazing ecosystems appears to be herbivore-mediated increases in forage quality. In terrestrial systems, large, ecosystem-engineering megaherbivores such as white rhinoceros and hippopotamus can create and maintain grazing lawns of short, nutritious grasses ...
... mechanism of interspecific facilitation in grazing ecosystems appears to be herbivore-mediated increases in forage quality. In terrestrial systems, large, ecosystem-engineering megaherbivores such as white rhinoceros and hippopotamus can create and maintain grazing lawns of short, nutritious grasses ...
Toward an old-growth concept for grasslands, savannas, and
... between natural grassland ecosystems and their novel, anthropogenic counterparts has contributed to a lack of concern over the impacts of environmental change on biodiversity in natural grasslands. This confusion persists in large part because we currently lack a framework for conceptualizing the ro ...
... between natural grassland ecosystems and their novel, anthropogenic counterparts has contributed to a lack of concern over the impacts of environmental change on biodiversity in natural grasslands. This confusion persists in large part because we currently lack a framework for conceptualizing the ro ...
Landscape net Ecological Potential - Eionet Projects
... 2. Discussion of results and quality assessment a. What does NLEP tell and doesn’t tell? An overview of the distribution over Europe of ecological potentials is presented on figures 5 & 6.. Values are displayed by cells of the standard European1 km² grid or by regions. Looking at figures 7 & 8, we ...
... 2. Discussion of results and quality assessment a. What does NLEP tell and doesn’t tell? An overview of the distribution over Europe of ecological potentials is presented on figures 5 & 6.. Values are displayed by cells of the standard European1 km² grid or by regions. Looking at figures 7 & 8, we ...
Climate Change and Plant Community Composition in National
... Perennial grasslands. The cover of the perennial grass black grama (Bouteloua gracilis) decreased more in dry summers (< 125 ± 13 mm) than increased with wet summers (Figure 3a), whereas blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) had a large positive response when summer precipitation was > 153 (±15) mm (Figur ...
... Perennial grasslands. The cover of the perennial grass black grama (Bouteloua gracilis) decreased more in dry summers (< 125 ± 13 mm) than increased with wet summers (Figure 3a), whereas blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) had a large positive response when summer precipitation was > 153 (±15) mm (Figur ...
File
... community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes-in plant numbers and the mix of species-are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years. ★An ecologist who studies a pon ...
... community. Pioneer and successional plant communities are said to change over periods from 1 to 500 years. These changes-in plant numbers and the mix of species-are cumulative. Climax communities themselves change but over periods of time greater than about 500 years. ★An ecologist who studies a pon ...
Lesson 1 - Scientist in Residence Program
... Purple Saxifrage – is a plant that grows in a low, tight clump that look like a cushion. The purple star-shaped flowers are about 1 cm wide. Caribou, Arctic hares and lemmings feed on this plant. Caribou Moss - Caribou moss grows in arctic and northern regions around the world. It grows on the groun ...
... Purple Saxifrage – is a plant that grows in a low, tight clump that look like a cushion. The purple star-shaped flowers are about 1 cm wide. Caribou, Arctic hares and lemmings feed on this plant. Caribou Moss - Caribou moss grows in arctic and northern regions around the world. It grows on the groun ...
Ecology project Name Period ______ Instructions: Part 1: What is t
... Habitat is where a population lives. Describe the habitat of your population. Niche is the relational position of population in its ecosystem to each other. A niche describes how a population responds to different resources or competitors. For example, two groups of dolphins may be in two different ...
... Habitat is where a population lives. Describe the habitat of your population. Niche is the relational position of population in its ecosystem to each other. A niche describes how a population responds to different resources or competitors. For example, two groups of dolphins may be in two different ...
FROM INDIVIDUALS TO ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION: TOWARD AN O J. S
... mira spiders exert most of their top-down control on the system by altering grasshopper foraging rather than grasshopper density. As a result, P. mira predators have a net positive indirect effect on abundance of grass and a net negative indirect effect on the abundance of the herb S. rugosa. These ...
... mira spiders exert most of their top-down control on the system by altering grasshopper foraging rather than grasshopper density. As a result, P. mira predators have a net positive indirect effect on abundance of grass and a net negative indirect effect on the abundance of the herb S. rugosa. These ...
Ecology
... 38. From an ecosystem that you have investigated give an example of an abiotic factor that influences the distribution of a named plant in the ecosystem. 39. In the case of a named ecosystem give an example of a biotic factor that influences the distribution of a named animal. 40. What is the source ...
... 38. From an ecosystem that you have investigated give an example of an abiotic factor that influences the distribution of a named plant in the ecosystem. 39. In the case of a named ecosystem give an example of a biotic factor that influences the distribution of a named animal. 40. What is the source ...
Lesson Plan
... Use an interest approach that will prepare the students for the lesson. Teachers often develop approaches for their unique class and student situations. A possible approach is included here. Set up pictures and diagrams of a variety of ecosystems for the students to look at. Once they have looked, a ...
... Use an interest approach that will prepare the students for the lesson. Teachers often develop approaches for their unique class and student situations. A possible approach is included here. Set up pictures and diagrams of a variety of ecosystems for the students to look at. Once they have looked, a ...
Cutcombe Parish - Exmoor National Park
... dioxide (as do peat bogs). The carbon is used for plant growth and therefore long-lived plants such as trees will, therefore, act as carbon sinks for a lengthy period. The Exmoor Mire Project ‘re-wets’ and restores areas of blanket bog which promote peat growth. There are some 10 million tonnes of p ...
... dioxide (as do peat bogs). The carbon is used for plant growth and therefore long-lived plants such as trees will, therefore, act as carbon sinks for a lengthy period. The Exmoor Mire Project ‘re-wets’ and restores areas of blanket bog which promote peat growth. There are some 10 million tonnes of p ...
Elephants in Africa: Big, grey biodiversity thieves?
... The demonstrated changes in woodland and riparian forest habitats in northern Botswana, supposedly driven by an expanding elephant population, have raised a considerable amount of concern amongst ecologists in recent years.17,23-25 Seminal research in northern Botswana’s Chobe river ecosystem, while ...
... The demonstrated changes in woodland and riparian forest habitats in northern Botswana, supposedly driven by an expanding elephant population, have raised a considerable amount of concern amongst ecologists in recent years.17,23-25 Seminal research in northern Botswana’s Chobe river ecosystem, while ...
Tilburg University A paleoeconomic theory of co
... humans, the colonization of early humans, and why human overkill might have caused a mass megafauna extinction (e.g., mammoths) at the end of the Pleistocene (see Gamble 1998; Brook and Bowman 2002; Roberts et al. 2001; Alroy 2001; Choquenot and Bowman 1998, Beck 1996, Smith 1975). And while many hy ...
... humans, the colonization of early humans, and why human overkill might have caused a mass megafauna extinction (e.g., mammoths) at the end of the Pleistocene (see Gamble 1998; Brook and Bowman 2002; Roberts et al. 2001; Alroy 2001; Choquenot and Bowman 1998, Beck 1996, Smith 1975). And while many hy ...
Author`s personal copy - Mariclim
... of many marine organisms, especially pelagic species such as zooplankton, which has consequences for higher trophic levels such as fish, plankton- and fish-eating birds, seals and whales. In addition, regions where hydrographically different water masses mix, such as river estuaries, glacier fronts, a ...
... of many marine organisms, especially pelagic species such as zooplankton, which has consequences for higher trophic levels such as fish, plankton- and fish-eating birds, seals and whales. In addition, regions where hydrographically different water masses mix, such as river estuaries, glacier fronts, a ...
Unit 3 notes - novacentral.ca
... Producer: a plant which can synthesize carbohydrates using carbon dioxide and the sun’s energy. o for example in figure 6.3 on page 94 all the plants, like Duck weed, Willow, cat tails etc. are producers and convert the sun's energy into carbohydrates (food energy) for all other organisms in the eco ...
... Producer: a plant which can synthesize carbohydrates using carbon dioxide and the sun’s energy. o for example in figure 6.3 on page 94 all the plants, like Duck weed, Willow, cat tails etc. are producers and convert the sun's energy into carbohydrates (food energy) for all other organisms in the eco ...
Available
... grazing Those plants that make up a large proportion of the community but become reduced in number through grazing are known as decreasersThose that increase in number, either because of their greater tolerance to defoliation or because they are less used by herbivores than other plants, are known ...
... grazing Those plants that make up a large proportion of the community but become reduced in number through grazing are known as decreasersThose that increase in number, either because of their greater tolerance to defoliation or because they are less used by herbivores than other plants, are known ...
Raccoon Predation as a Potential Limiting Factor in the Success of
... road surface apparently trying to reach the safety of trees/ woodland cover, and the Raccoon then caught it in its jaws and carried it back into the hammock. SMC estimated the entire sequence of events to cover less than 15 seconds. This observation brings the list of known predators of invasive Gre ...
... road surface apparently trying to reach the safety of trees/ woodland cover, and the Raccoon then caught it in its jaws and carried it back into the hammock. SMC estimated the entire sequence of events to cover less than 15 seconds. This observation brings the list of known predators of invasive Gre ...
Herbivores Promote Habitat Specialization by Trees in Amazonian
... tions to different abiotic conditions (5–7 ). But herbivores have been shown to affect plant population dynamics in many ways, including plant distributions (8–10). The best way to test the effect of herbivores on plant distributions is with transplant experiments involving multiple species, but few ...
... tions to different abiotic conditions (5–7 ). But herbivores have been shown to affect plant population dynamics in many ways, including plant distributions (8–10). The best way to test the effect of herbivores on plant distributions is with transplant experiments involving multiple species, but few ...
EVPP 111 Lecture - Biomes
... – concept is useful for describing in broad terms • general structure of the ecosystem • types of niches present – of same type from different areas will exhibit variations in exact species present – affected by two nonbiological factors ...
... – concept is useful for describing in broad terms • general structure of the ecosystem • types of niches present – of same type from different areas will exhibit variations in exact species present – affected by two nonbiological factors ...
Environment Module 1_Ecological concepts
... up 97% of mass of our bodies and more than 95% of mass of all living organisms. ...
... up 97% of mass of our bodies and more than 95% of mass of all living organisms. ...
Biology
... conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions. A niche is the unique way of life an organism has in it’s environment. It is what it does for a living. ...
... conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions. A niche is the unique way of life an organism has in it’s environment. It is what it does for a living. ...
Stream 3.1 Marine ecosystem change Stream goals
... 1. A practical and efficient suite of indicators for measuring change in Southern Ocean ecosystem structure and function. Priorities for new research proposals i. Identification of practical indicators of ecosystem structure and function. Priority 1 Approaches o Theoretical assessment, such as using ...
... 1. A practical and efficient suite of indicators for measuring change in Southern Ocean ecosystem structure and function. Priorities for new research proposals i. Identification of practical indicators of ecosystem structure and function. Priority 1 Approaches o Theoretical assessment, such as using ...
University of Groningen Rewilding with large herbivores Smit
... sapling survival, especially at high herbivore densities (Côté et al., 2004). Secondly, light competition with herbaceous plants can limit sapling survival (Vandenberghe et al., 2006), particularly in the more productive ecosystems (Smit and Olff, 1998). Thirdly, soil properties such as low nutrient ...
... sapling survival, especially at high herbivore densities (Côté et al., 2004). Secondly, light competition with herbaceous plants can limit sapling survival (Vandenberghe et al., 2006), particularly in the more productive ecosystems (Smit and Olff, 1998). Thirdly, soil properties such as low nutrient ...
as pdf - Heriot
... But earlier snowmelt may also have negative, or counterintuitive, consequences. In complex landscapes, where snow is redistributed from wind-exposed areas to hollows and depressions, early snowmelt may cause a reduction of habitat heterogeneity caused by the loss of snowbeds. Snowbed “specialists” ( ...
... But earlier snowmelt may also have negative, or counterintuitive, consequences. In complex landscapes, where snow is redistributed from wind-exposed areas to hollows and depressions, early snowmelt may cause a reduction of habitat heterogeneity caused by the loss of snowbeds. Snowbed “specialists” ( ...
Case Studies II
... km from the Canadian coastline in Lake Superior. The total area of the main island and a few small surrounding islands which are also part of the park is 540 km2. ...
... km from the Canadian coastline in Lake Superior. The total area of the main island and a few small surrounding islands which are also part of the park is 540 km2. ...
Pleistocene Park
Pleistocene Park (Russian: Плейстоценовый парк) is a nature reserve on the Kolyma River south of Chersky in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in northeastern Siberia, where an attempt is being made to recreate the northern subarctic steppe grassland ecosystem that flourished in the area during the last glacial period.The project is being led by Russian researcher Sergey Zimov, with hopes to back the hypothesis that overhunting, and not climate change, was primarily responsible for the extinction of wildlife and the disappearance of the grasslands at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.A further aim is to research the climatic effects of the expected changes in the ecosystem. Here the hypothesis is that the change from tundra to grassland will result in a raised ratio of energy emission to energy absorption of the area, leading to less thawing of permafrost and thereby less emission of greenhouse gases.To study this, large herbivores have been released, and their effect on the local fauna is being monitored. Preliminary results point at the ecologically low-grade tundra biome being converted into a productive grassland biome, and at the energy emission of the area being raised.A documentary is being produced about the park by an American journalist and filmmaker.