The Ecosystem Concept
... biotic systems, of which humans are an integral part, with the physical systems on which they depend. This applies at the scale of Earth as a whole, a continent, or a farmer’s field. An ecosystem approach is critical to resource management, as we grapple with the sustainable use of resources in an e ...
... biotic systems, of which humans are an integral part, with the physical systems on which they depend. This applies at the scale of Earth as a whole, a continent, or a farmer’s field. An ecosystem approach is critical to resource management, as we grapple with the sustainable use of resources in an e ...
Novel ecosystems in the Anthropocene
... indirect global drivers affect the trajectories of all ecosystems on Earth, but often direct, local drivers overshadow global stresses at the scales at which ecosystems are managed and regulated. Thus, we deem the concept of human agency to be useful only insofar as it allows us to distinguish novel ...
... indirect global drivers affect the trajectories of all ecosystems on Earth, but often direct, local drivers overshadow global stresses at the scales at which ecosystems are managed and regulated. Thus, we deem the concept of human agency to be useful only insofar as it allows us to distinguish novel ...
Ecosystem-based Management
... order to determine whether or not they serve the necessary importance to the remainder of the environment to be worthy of the time, effort and resources dedicated to them. As Akcakaya (2000) states, Multiple species management maintains its aim at conserving biodiversity of a region by ensuring that ...
... order to determine whether or not they serve the necessary importance to the remainder of the environment to be worthy of the time, effort and resources dedicated to them. As Akcakaya (2000) states, Multiple species management maintains its aim at conserving biodiversity of a region by ensuring that ...
Terrestrial Arthropod Assemblages: Their Use in Conservation
... species (see Thomas et al. 1990; Reinthal & Stiassny 1991); and (4) to provide the basis for selecting indicator species or assemblages for ecological monitoring (Noss 1990; Spellerberg 1991; Kremen 1992). In contrast, the goals of monitoring programs are to assess changes in ecosystem structure,com ...
... species (see Thomas et al. 1990; Reinthal & Stiassny 1991); and (4) to provide the basis for selecting indicator species or assemblages for ecological monitoring (Noss 1990; Spellerberg 1991; Kremen 1992). In contrast, the goals of monitoring programs are to assess changes in ecosystem structure,com ...
On the organization of ecosystems Veldhuis, Michiel
... motor on which all life on earth depends. Subsequently, we can extend this loop by adding an earthworm species (D) that consumes the litter and through fragmentation and mixing of litter stimulates bacterial growth (Fig. 1C). Note that this autocatalytic loop of species (that all profit from each ot ...
... motor on which all life on earth depends. Subsequently, we can extend this loop by adding an earthworm species (D) that consumes the litter and through fragmentation and mixing of litter stimulates bacterial growth (Fig. 1C). Note that this autocatalytic loop of species (that all profit from each ot ...
Ecological and evolutionary traps
... an ecological trap because the evolved preferences or DARWINIAN ALGORITHMS [9] of the birds lead them to seek the heterogeneous habitat now encountered primarily along edges. However, that choice is no longer adaptive because of the unusually high density and diversity of predators and parasites fou ...
... an ecological trap because the evolved preferences or DARWINIAN ALGORITHMS [9] of the birds lead them to seek the heterogeneous habitat now encountered primarily along edges. However, that choice is no longer adaptive because of the unusually high density and diversity of predators and parasites fou ...
Landscapes and Their Ecological Components
... 1986; Naveh and Lieberman, 1994; Forman, 1995; Zonneveld, 1995) have drawn ample attention to this characteristic while nevertheless expressing very different and often divergent visions of the discipline. Indeed, whereas Naveh and Lieberman have an anthropocentric, globalizing vision, that of Zonne ...
... 1986; Naveh and Lieberman, 1994; Forman, 1995; Zonneveld, 1995) have drawn ample attention to this characteristic while nevertheless expressing very different and often divergent visions of the discipline. Indeed, whereas Naveh and Lieberman have an anthropocentric, globalizing vision, that of Zonne ...
Creating a global ecological currency
... Take the emerging Copenhagen agreement. This approach outside its borders: an ecological creditor. Such a country, which includes Australia, has more is delicate since it can easily be undermined by just a few ecological capacity than its residents consume for their own nations; yet, in terms of pla ...
... Take the emerging Copenhagen agreement. This approach outside its borders: an ecological creditor. Such a country, which includes Australia, has more is delicate since it can easily be undermined by just a few ecological capacity than its residents consume for their own nations; yet, in terms of pla ...
Belonging - Environmental Humanities
... characteristics of organisms.7 Another condition of “invasiveness” for biota is that they have been introduced by humans, and so notions of “nativeness” can lead to management practices that reinscribe conceptual divisions between humans and “nature.” Beyond the native/invasive divide, belonging als ...
... characteristics of organisms.7 Another condition of “invasiveness” for biota is that they have been introduced by humans, and so notions of “nativeness” can lead to management practices that reinscribe conceptual divisions between humans and “nature.” Beyond the native/invasive divide, belonging als ...
4: Interventions To Maintain Biological Diversity
... is to maintain ecosystem diversity. Offsite maintenance cannot accomplish this objective because many species cannot live outside their natural habitats, An ecosystem approach allows processes, such as natural selection, to continue. Survival, for some species, depends on complex interactions with o ...
... is to maintain ecosystem diversity. Offsite maintenance cannot accomplish this objective because many species cannot live outside their natural habitats, An ecosystem approach allows processes, such as natural selection, to continue. Survival, for some species, depends on complex interactions with o ...
Ecology Unit
... or organisms, known as prey. Predators may or may not kill their prey prior to eating them. The key characteristic of predation is the direct effect of the predator on the prey population. In all classifications of predation, the predator lowers the prey’s fitness, by reducing the prey’s survival, r ...
... or organisms, known as prey. Predators may or may not kill their prey prior to eating them. The key characteristic of predation is the direct effect of the predator on the prey population. In all classifications of predation, the predator lowers the prey’s fitness, by reducing the prey’s survival, r ...
Algal Biofuel White Paper
... If a single species of algae were to be grown in an outdoor pond, unwanted algal species, or “weeds,” and algal predators called zooplankton, borne by the wind or stuck to waterfowl that land in ...
... If a single species of algae were to be grown in an outdoor pond, unwanted algal species, or “weeds,” and algal predators called zooplankton, borne by the wind or stuck to waterfowl that land in ...
Succession - Worth County Schools
... • Describe how ecosystems recover from a disturbance. • Compare succession after a natural disturbance with succession after a human caused disturbance. ...
... • Describe how ecosystems recover from a disturbance. • Compare succession after a natural disturbance with succession after a human caused disturbance. ...
Honours in 2016/2017 Booklet
... eucalypts, E. gunnii, E. archeri and E. urnigera, where they co-occur in the sub-alpine forests on the Central Plateau. The threatened E. gunnii subsp. divaricata is part of the clinal variation within E. gunnii in this area, is one of the most frost resistant populations of Eucalyptus, and is in ra ...
... eucalypts, E. gunnii, E. archeri and E. urnigera, where they co-occur in the sub-alpine forests on the Central Plateau. The threatened E. gunnii subsp. divaricata is part of the clinal variation within E. gunnii in this area, is one of the most frost resistant populations of Eucalyptus, and is in ra ...
A Hierarchical Ecological Approach to Conserving Marine
... degree to which biological or physical processes structure various types of marine communities (May 1992; National Research Council 1995). The conservation implications of this debate are clear: how can an environment be conserved when the components that support it are undefined? This difficulty is ...
... degree to which biological or physical processes structure various types of marine communities (May 1992; National Research Council 1995). The conservation implications of this debate are clear: how can an environment be conserved when the components that support it are undefined? This difficulty is ...
Ecological Succession
... • Describe how ecosystems recover from a disturbance. • Compare succession after a natural disturbance with succession after a human caused disturbance. ...
... • Describe how ecosystems recover from a disturbance. • Compare succession after a natural disturbance with succession after a human caused disturbance. ...
Ecology
... – Pioneer species in secondary succession are usually plants that begin to grow in the disturbed area. – This is much faster than primary succession ...
... – Pioneer species in secondary succession are usually plants that begin to grow in the disturbed area. – This is much faster than primary succession ...
Erik Trond Aschehoug
... Aschehoug, ET. 2016. From resource competition to chemical warfare: Invasions and the ways plants interact. Invited Symposia, Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting. Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Aschehoug, ET and Callaway, RM. 2015. Diversity of invaders increases impacts on native communities. Ecologi ...
... Aschehoug, ET. 2016. From resource competition to chemical warfare: Invasions and the ways plants interact. Invited Symposia, Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting. Ft. Lauderdale, FL. Aschehoug, ET and Callaway, RM. 2015. Diversity of invaders increases impacts on native communities. Ecologi ...
Classification and Ecology of Major Tropical Insect Groups
... of most taxa towards the equator, is one of the most consistent in the natural world. Thus, there are many more species in the tropics than in other parts of the world. Coleoptera (Beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), for example, increase dramatically in species number from temperate t ...
... of most taxa towards the equator, is one of the most consistent in the natural world. Thus, there are many more species in the tropics than in other parts of the world. Coleoptera (Beetles) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), for example, increase dramatically in species number from temperate t ...
Biodiversity, Extinction, and Humanity`s Future
... If per capita resource use continues at or near current levels, only a reduction in human N would reduce our species’ environmental impact. One or two billion people using fossil fuels and monopolizing habitat for agricultural production at current rates might not significantly impact the survival o ...
... If per capita resource use continues at or near current levels, only a reduction in human N would reduce our species’ environmental impact. One or two billion people using fossil fuels and monopolizing habitat for agricultural production at current rates might not significantly impact the survival o ...
4-2 What Shapes an Ecosystem?
... Components of an ecosystem can be changed by natural events, such as fires. When the disturbance is over, community interactions tend to restore the ecosystem to its original condition through secondary succession. ...
... Components of an ecosystem can be changed by natural events, such as fires. When the disturbance is over, community interactions tend to restore the ecosystem to its original condition through secondary succession. ...
Community Ecology - Home
... Because of the generality of the species-area relationship, Preston (1962) and MacArthur & Wilson (1963, 1967) proposed that islands were supporting as many species as possible. Since islands continuously receive immigrants, yet species number stays constant, there must be a balance between immigr ...
... Because of the generality of the species-area relationship, Preston (1962) and MacArthur & Wilson (1963, 1967) proposed that islands were supporting as many species as possible. Since islands continuously receive immigrants, yet species number stays constant, there must be a balance between immigr ...
Restoration ecology
Restoration ecology emerged as a separate field in ecology in the 1980s. It is the scientific study supporting the practice of ecological restoration, which is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action. The term ""restoration ecology"" is therefore commonly used for the academic study of the process, whereas the term ""ecological restoration"" is commonly used for the actual project or process by restoration practitioners.