Establishment of a self-propagating population of the African malaria
... of such systems is that in contrast to field studies, the exposure of workers to pathogens such as malaria can be eliminated (e.g by restricting access to potential sources of infection). In the absence of such risk, researchers can conduct a wider range of experimental manipulations, including expo ...
... of such systems is that in contrast to field studies, the exposure of workers to pathogens such as malaria can be eliminated (e.g by restricting access to potential sources of infection). In the absence of such risk, researchers can conduct a wider range of experimental manipulations, including expo ...
DENSITY-DEPENDENT PREDATION, HABITAT VARIATION, AND
... prey density, and habitat type; however, the collective impact of these factors has rarely been tested experimentally in natural marine systems. Using the thin-shelled clams Mya arenaria and Macoma balthica as prey, and the main epibenthic predator of whole adult clams, the blue crab Callinectes sap ...
... prey density, and habitat type; however, the collective impact of these factors has rarely been tested experimentally in natural marine systems. Using the thin-shelled clams Mya arenaria and Macoma balthica as prey, and the main epibenthic predator of whole adult clams, the blue crab Callinectes sap ...
Habitat: Oyster Reefs - Oyster Restoration Workgroup
... sanctuary will result in ~$40,000 in additional value of commercial finfish and crustacean fisheries. Oysters are also ecologically important: they improve water quality by filtering particles from the water and serve as prey and habitat for many other animals (Coen et al., 1999). For ...
... sanctuary will result in ~$40,000 in additional value of commercial finfish and crustacean fisheries. Oysters are also ecologically important: they improve water quality by filtering particles from the water and serve as prey and habitat for many other animals (Coen et al., 1999). For ...
Food web assembly along salt marsh succession
... between studies does exist: Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; Olff and Ritchie 1998; van der Wal 1998; van Wijnen, van der Wal et al. 1999; Kuijper 2004; van der Graaf 2006). The following species are preferred: Brent geese: Puccinellia maritima but also marine plants (Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; van Wijn ...
... between studies does exist: Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; Olff and Ritchie 1998; van der Wal 1998; van Wijnen, van der Wal et al. 1999; Kuijper 2004; van der Graaf 2006). The following species are preferred: Brent geese: Puccinellia maritima but also marine plants (Olff, De Leeuw et al. 1997; van Wijn ...
Limiting Similarity Revisited
... Interim Reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organizations supporting the work. All rights reserved. ...
... Interim Reports on work of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis receive only limited review. Views or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Institute, its National Member Organizations, or other organizations supporting the work. All rights reserved. ...
Ontogenetic variation in the diurnal food and habitat
... magnification) was used to remove and open stomachs, and for sorting and counting all prey items. We used measures of frequency of occurrence, mean contribution (volume %) to total stomach contents, and prey-specific volume to describe diet. Frequency of occurrence indicates the percentage of indivi ...
... magnification) was used to remove and open stomachs, and for sorting and counting all prey items. We used measures of frequency of occurrence, mean contribution (volume %) to total stomach contents, and prey-specific volume to describe diet. Frequency of occurrence indicates the percentage of indivi ...
scoring - Aqualife
... contact with the ground of the soil. [definition source: Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive)] ...
... contact with the ground of the soil. [definition source: Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive)] ...
Habitat heterogeneity and mammalian predatorprey interactions
... In this review, we aim to explore how habitat spatial heterogeneity may affect predator–prey dynamics in terrestrial mammalian systems, i.e. in systems characterized by highly mobile species, and focus on predation by mammals on mammals with a few exceptions of avian predation on mammals. We provide ...
... In this review, we aim to explore how habitat spatial heterogeneity may affect predator–prey dynamics in terrestrial mammalian systems, i.e. in systems characterized by highly mobile species, and focus on predation by mammals on mammals with a few exceptions of avian predation on mammals. We provide ...
Insect herbivory in an experimental agroecosystem: the relative
... three-way ANOVA. The clover biomass data were squareroot transformed prior to these analyses to homogenize variances and improve normality of residuals. We also removed a linear spatial trend in the control-location biomass data that we found by performing a regression against the x and y spatial po ...
... three-way ANOVA. The clover biomass data were squareroot transformed prior to these analyses to homogenize variances and improve normality of residuals. We also removed a linear spatial trend in the control-location biomass data that we found by performing a regression against the x and y spatial po ...
Amphibian Habitat Management Handbook
... Five of these are widespread; great crested newt, smooth newt, palmate newt, common toad and common frog. Of these, the great crested newt and common toad are also Biodiversity Action Plan priorities. The great crested newt has breeding site requirements that are also suitable for the other widespre ...
... Five of these are widespread; great crested newt, smooth newt, palmate newt, common toad and common frog. Of these, the great crested newt and common toad are also Biodiversity Action Plan priorities. The great crested newt has breeding site requirements that are also suitable for the other widespre ...
Demographic Costs Associated with Differences in Habitat Space
... because different environmental characteristics may be needed for different aspects of a species’ life history [2,12]. Some habitats may contain resources along critical axes, such as for foraging, but insufficient resources for other aspects of reproductive success, such as nesting sites, and thus ...
... because different environmental characteristics may be needed for different aspects of a species’ life history [2,12]. Some habitats may contain resources along critical axes, such as for foraging, but insufficient resources for other aspects of reproductive success, such as nesting sites, and thus ...
Herbivores, resources and risks: alternating regulation along
... unlimited moisture while declining when either water or soil nutrients become limiting ...
... unlimited moisture while declining when either water or soil nutrients become limiting ...
2015 Program - Western Society of Naturalists
... *California MPAs, Panel Discussion: Becky Ota, Mark Carr, & Will White (moderated by Dina Liebowitz). This panel will discuss evaluating California MPAs as a network, from scientific and State management perspectives. It is an open conversation about current approaches and challenges for network eva ...
... *California MPAs, Panel Discussion: Becky Ota, Mark Carr, & Will White (moderated by Dina Liebowitz). This panel will discuss evaluating California MPAs as a network, from scientific and State management perspectives. It is an open conversation about current approaches and challenges for network eva ...
Habitat-dependent foraging in a classic predatorа/prey system: a
... from which we can see that the isodar intercept is increased when attack rates are greater in habitat 1 than in 2. The intercept is reduced when attack rates are less in habitat 1 than in habitat 2. One of the lessons included in Eq. 3 is that a field ecologist is likely to observe a tight fit to a ...
... from which we can see that the isodar intercept is increased when attack rates are greater in habitat 1 than in 2. The intercept is reduced when attack rates are less in habitat 1 than in habitat 2. One of the lessons included in Eq. 3 is that a field ecologist is likely to observe a tight fit to a ...
By: David R.W. Bruinsma A Thesis
... mosquitos, listened ad nauseam to song recordings of the same two bird species, performed hours of tedious data entry, and worked wonders with acrylic paint. Crissy Ranellucci also helped me with fieldwork on short notice when my inflamed appendix wouldn’t allow me to do it myself. Kristin Mozel pr ...
... mosquitos, listened ad nauseam to song recordings of the same two bird species, performed hours of tedious data entry, and worked wonders with acrylic paint. Crissy Ranellucci also helped me with fieldwork on short notice when my inflamed appendix wouldn’t allow me to do it myself. Kristin Mozel pr ...
The Economic and Social Aspects of Biodiversity Benefits and Costs
... Biodiversity is commonly understood to include the number, variety and variability of organisms living on Earth. We have become accustomed to having decisions of protecting nature, or allowing economic development, being presented as an either/or choice. However, as our knowledge of ecology has deve ...
... Biodiversity is commonly understood to include the number, variety and variability of organisms living on Earth. We have become accustomed to having decisions of protecting nature, or allowing economic development, being presented as an either/or choice. However, as our knowledge of ecology has deve ...
How the proposed reintroduction of Eurasian lynx to Britain
... In 2015, the Lynx UK Trust declared its proposal for a UK reintroduction of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) – a large, forest-dwelling carnivore that would have significant interactions with human activities (Table 1). Aberdeenshire, Argyll and Bute, Cumbria, Norfolk, and Northumberland were announced ...
... In 2015, the Lynx UK Trust declared its proposal for a UK reintroduction of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) – a large, forest-dwelling carnivore that would have significant interactions with human activities (Table 1). Aberdeenshire, Argyll and Bute, Cumbria, Norfolk, and Northumberland were announced ...
CBD Strategy and Action Plan
... national scenic areas had been established and cover 8,416,000 ha., accounting for 0.88% of China’s total land area; 100 pilot national wetland parks and 138 national geological parks had been established. The total protected areas of all types throughout the country cover about 17% of China’s total ...
... national scenic areas had been established and cover 8,416,000 ha., accounting for 0.88% of China’s total land area; 100 pilot national wetland parks and 138 national geological parks had been established. The total protected areas of all types throughout the country cover about 17% of China’s total ...
Niche distribution and influence of environmental parameters
... of co-existing organisms with largely overlapping ecological niches, meaning that they respond similarly to environmental conditions of their habitats and possibly compete for resources (Ulrich et al., 2009; Maire et al., 2012). In contrast, niche partitioning, allows co-occurring microorganisms to ...
... of co-existing organisms with largely overlapping ecological niches, meaning that they respond similarly to environmental conditions of their habitats and possibly compete for resources (Ulrich et al., 2009; Maire et al., 2012). In contrast, niche partitioning, allows co-occurring microorganisms to ...
3-1 Review of general section and summaries of monitoring
... The Monitoring and Assessment Strategy, adopted by the HELCOM Ministerial Meeting in 2013, sets out the basis for how the HELCOM Contracting Parties commit themselves to design and carry out their national monitoring programmes and work together to produce and update joint assessments. HELCOM joint ...
... The Monitoring and Assessment Strategy, adopted by the HELCOM Ministerial Meeting in 2013, sets out the basis for how the HELCOM Contracting Parties commit themselves to design and carry out their national monitoring programmes and work together to produce and update joint assessments. HELCOM joint ...
THE KAZAKH STEPPE Conserving the world`s largest dry
... The steppe grasslands of Eurasia were once among the most extensive in the world, stretching from eastern Romania, Moldova and Ukraine in eastern Europe (often referred to as the Pontic steppe) east through Kazakhstan and western Russia). Together, the Pontic and Kazakh steppes, often collectively r ...
... The steppe grasslands of Eurasia were once among the most extensive in the world, stretching from eastern Romania, Moldova and Ukraine in eastern Europe (often referred to as the Pontic steppe) east through Kazakhstan and western Russia). Together, the Pontic and Kazakh steppes, often collectively r ...
Draft National Wildlife Corridors Plan March 2012
... change rainfall patterns and increase the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, storm surges and droughts. There will be significant impacts on our water supply, agriculture and urban environments. This will affect the wellbeing of Australia’s unique native species, ecosystems and hum ...
... change rainfall patterns and increase the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, storm surges and droughts. There will be significant impacts on our water supply, agriculture and urban environments. This will affect the wellbeing of Australia’s unique native species, ecosystems and hum ...
Draft National Wildlife Corridors Plan March 2012
... change rainfall patterns and increase the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, storm surges and droughts. There will be significant impacts on our water supply, agriculture and urban environments. This will affect the wellbeing of Australia’s unique native species, ecosystems and hum ...
... change rainfall patterns and increase the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, storm surges and droughts. There will be significant impacts on our water supply, agriculture and urban environments. This will affect the wellbeing of Australia’s unique native species, ecosystems and hum ...
A literature review of urban effects on lowland heaths and their wildlife
... heathland specialists. Thus, these smaller populations (particularly of species associated with successional phases in the plant communities) are more at risk from extinction through chance events. Temporary fragmentation of heathland communities can be the caused by fires but the effects of this o ...
... heathland specialists. Thus, these smaller populations (particularly of species associated with successional phases in the plant communities) are more at risk from extinction through chance events. Temporary fragmentation of heathland communities can be the caused by fires but the effects of this o ...
Restoration ecology
Restoration ecology emerged as a separate field in ecology in the 1980s. It is the scientific study supporting the practice of ecological restoration, which is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action. The term ""restoration ecology"" is therefore commonly used for the academic study of the process, whereas the term ""ecological restoration"" is commonly used for the actual project or process by restoration practitioners.