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Hypertension
Hypertension

... Renal artery stenosis Cushing’s syndrome Coarctation of the aorta Drug-induced: NSAIDs; Prophylactic; Mineralocorticoids; Epogen ...
Drug Receptors
Drug Receptors

... Drugs act on the cell membrane by physical and/or chemical interactionsusually through specific drug receptor sites known to be located on the membrane. Some receptor sites have been identified with specific parts of proteins and nucleic acids. In most cases, the chemical nature of the receptor site ...
Volume 30 • Number 6 • 2013 - Controlled Release Society
Volume 30 • Number 6 • 2013 - Controlled Release Society

... might reasonably say that my crystal ball is as cloudy and fuzzy as any other CRS member’s, and you would be right—so here is my philosophy rather than my vision. To some degree at least, we can and do rationally create the future, but the complexity of possible interactions between scientific disci ...
Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis
Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis

... This fifth edition of the Guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis is an updated version of earlier editions published in 1994 (1), 1997 (2), 2003 (3) and 2009 (4). The document takes into account recent advancements in laboratory diagnostics and subsequent WHO guidance, includ ...
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

... estimated that a breastfed infant may receive 1,4 % of the mother’s weight adjusted dose, and pharmacological effects on the suckling infant cannot be excluded. Zopiclone should therefore not be used during breast-feeding. Fertility There are no adequate data from potential effects on human fertilit ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) e-ISSN: 2278-4861.
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) e-ISSN: 2278-4861.

... Abstract: In radiotherapy treatment there are many potential error sources, which can increase the uncertainty in the dose delivery to a patient to unacceptable values. Potential error sources can be divided into four categories(1,2); (1) errors in the data transfer from treatment planning system (T ...
Stilnox - Sanofi
Stilnox - Sanofi

... demonstrated that with food, mean AUC and C max were decreased by 15% and 25%, respectively, while mean T max was prolonged by 60% (from 1.4 to 2.2 hr). The half-life remained unchanged. These results suggest that, for faster sleep onset, STILNOX should not be administered with or immediately after ...
voltaren ophtha
voltaren ophtha

... Although systemic absorption of diclofenac sodium has been found to be minimal following ocular application, as a general precaution to reduce systemic absorption, pressure should be applied to the tear-duct immediately after application. In clinical studies, effectiveness was demonstrated in patien ...
to dowload a PDF of the 2015 Treatment Guide
to dowload a PDF of the 2015 Treatment Guide

... “unacceptable toxicity,” the drug moves to Phase II to test its effectiveness in people who have HIV. This is when something called a controlled trial begins. Patients receiving the drug are compared with similar patients receiving only a placebo, or an entirely different drug. The focus is on short ...
Imunovir®500mg Tablets
Imunovir®500mg Tablets

... patients diagnosed with SSPE was evaluated in a Phase III trial (1997-2002). There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups on any measure of efficacy. Although there was no significant difference between the treatment groups in rates of clinically defined satisfactory ...
enzyme induction and inhibition
enzyme induction and inhibition

... drugs under the same influence. Another disadvantage of antipyrine as a model drug is its ability to act as a mild enzyme inducer; it therefore may stimulate its own metabolism and the metabolism of other drugs such as warfarin and diazepam (Bax et al., 1981; Ohnhaus and Park, 1979; Breckenridge et ...
A Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model to Optimize
A Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model to Optimize

... mechanism of action is blocking of the CCR5 receptor, which is used by HIV to enter CD4+ cells. Pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic models are ideally developed during the learning phase and then utilized in the design of the confirming phase of drug development. It is important that the models allow b ...
Fast Dissolving Tablets- A Novel Approach
Fast Dissolving Tablets- A Novel Approach

... with ever increasing demand. Fast dissolving tablet (FDT) is one such type of an innovative and unique drug delivery system which is swiftly gaining much attention in the research field of rapid dissolving technology. Oral route is the most expedient and safest route of drug delivery because of wide ...
Genomic selection: the future of marker assisted selection and animal breeding
Genomic selection: the future of marker assisted selection and animal breeding

... same accuracy of selection can be maintained. The latter is not possible in phenotypic selection schemes, because the animals have not been phenotyped, and it is also not possible in schemes where only a part of the total genetic variance is explained by genetic markers. In the following, genomic se ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Lecture 11
PowerPoint Presentation - Lecture 11

... - Need to teach clients how to use properly: If using Atrovent w/ a beta-agonist, use beta-agonist 5 min. before Atrovent; If using Atrovent w/ an inhaled steroid or cromolyn, use Atrovent 5 min. before the steroid or cromolyn - bronchioles dilate & drugs more effective ...
Diamond–Blackfan anemia
Diamond–Blackfan anemia

... relatively rarely transfused. However, it is a therapy that carries life-threatening risk for a non-malignant disease, whose prognosis might be modified in the coming decade by advances made in our understanding of its pathophysiology. This decision must be made case-by-case. Certain treatments of D ...
PCSK9 Inhibitors Praluent
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... respective gene that reduces the liver's ability to remove LDL cholesterol before it is released into the bloodstream. Restricting this protein’s ability to hinder the liver by using PCSK9-inhibiting drugs has shown to lower LDL-C as much as 52%. Studies to date have shown that adverse events are ma ...
EKOS ® Acoustic Pulse Thrombolysis ™ Treatment
EKOS ® Acoustic Pulse Thrombolysis ™ Treatment

... vasculature. The EkoSonic™ Endovascular System is CE Marked for the treatment of pulmonary embolism with a ≥50% clot burden in one or both main pulmonary arteries or lobar pulmonary arteries, and evidence of right heart dysfunction based on right heart pressures (mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 m ...
Animal Drug User Fee Programs Updated August 4, 2008 Sarah A. Lister
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... in the timeliness of reviews, and the elimination of a backlog of pre-approval inspections of foreign manufacturing facilities. FDA presented draft reauthorizing legislation to Congress in April 2008. H.R. 6432, the Animal Drug User Fee Amendments of 2008, a bill to reauthorize the program, was intr ...
Therapeutics I - 8-26
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Beating Bowel Cancer - FAP Gene Support Group
Beating Bowel Cancer - FAP Gene Support Group

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... There are two types of transduction: – generalized transduction: A DNA fragment is transferred from one bacterium to another by a lytic bacteriophage that is now carrying donor bacterial DNA due to an error in maturation during the lytic life cycle. – specialized transduction: A DNA fragment is tran ...
here - American Society of Addiction Medicine
here - American Society of Addiction Medicine

Drug Interactions Among HIV Patients Receiving
Drug Interactions Among HIV Patients Receiving

... The dideoxynucleoside analogs known to cause PN are didanosine, stavudine, and zalcitabine (discontinued by the manufacturer in the United States in 2006).5 These have the highest incidence of iatrogenic neuropathy and were the main cause of drug-induced DSPN prior to HAART. DSPN occurs more frequen ...
Antiretroviral Therapy 2014
Antiretroviral Therapy 2014

... The treatment of Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) has been revolutionized by new potent combination of highly active antiretroviral drugs (HAART) since 1996. ART (antiretroviral therapy) has dramatically reduced HIV-associated morbidity and mortality and has transformed HIV disease into a chroni ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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