Age- Related Macular Degeneration
... assess risk of advanced AMD. • Contraindications to Treatment: • Smokers and ex-smokers should not use beta carotene, because previous studies have suggested an association with lung cancer and beta carotene in smokers. • There were no benefits from treatment shown in the AREDS for patients with no ...
... assess risk of advanced AMD. • Contraindications to Treatment: • Smokers and ex-smokers should not use beta carotene, because previous studies have suggested an association with lung cancer and beta carotene in smokers. • There were no benefits from treatment shown in the AREDS for patients with no ...
Pathophysiology.of.retinal.vein.occlusion
... Thrombosis within a retinal vein as described earlier will lead to a partial obstruction of blood flow within the vein and from the eye. The subsequent increased intraluminal pressure, if sufficiently high, will cause transudation of blood products into the retina according to Starling’s law. This w ...
... Thrombosis within a retinal vein as described earlier will lead to a partial obstruction of blood flow within the vein and from the eye. The subsequent increased intraluminal pressure, if sufficiently high, will cause transudation of blood products into the retina according to Starling’s law. This w ...
Lasik Surgery: Outcomes, Volume and Resources
... severe myopia (>600 degrees). Although LASIK has been performed for around 18 years, ...
... severe myopia (>600 degrees). Although LASIK has been performed for around 18 years, ...
glaucoma algorithm and guidelines for glaucoma
... The South African Glaucoma Society, which is affiliated to the Ophthalmological Society of South Africa, would like to present the updated treatment algorithm and guidelines for glaucoma to the Council for Medical Schemes and other regulatory bodies to improve the mutual understanding of glaucoma, i ...
... The South African Glaucoma Society, which is affiliated to the Ophthalmological Society of South Africa, would like to present the updated treatment algorithm and guidelines for glaucoma to the Council for Medical Schemes and other regulatory bodies to improve the mutual understanding of glaucoma, i ...
Diabetic Retinopathy
... prevent progression of various diabetic retinopathy complications and may or may not result in noticeable vision improvement. The best results, with the best chances of preserving a good level of vision, are achieved when diabetic retinopathy-related problems are caught early. Lastly, laser treatmen ...
... prevent progression of various diabetic retinopathy complications and may or may not result in noticeable vision improvement. The best results, with the best chances of preserving a good level of vision, are achieved when diabetic retinopathy-related problems are caught early. Lastly, laser treatmen ...
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis–associated Uveitis
... (1) Oligoarticular onset JIA occurs in early childhood, usually around 2 years of age. The knees and less frequently the ankles and wrists may exhibit painless swelling. The arthritis is evanescent and rarely destructive. Twenty percent of children with oligoarticular onset JIA develop uveitis. (2) ...
... (1) Oligoarticular onset JIA occurs in early childhood, usually around 2 years of age. The knees and less frequently the ankles and wrists may exhibit painless swelling. The arthritis is evanescent and rarely destructive. Twenty percent of children with oligoarticular onset JIA develop uveitis. (2) ...
Motley
... eyebrows ; the lid is lifted when the eyebrow is raised. Other conditions associated with ptosis are strabismus (improperly aligned eyes), refractive errors, or astigmatism. In most cases ptosis affects visual field but may also result in blurred vision (acuity). Ptosis may be indirectly responsible ...
... eyebrows ; the lid is lifted when the eyebrow is raised. Other conditions associated with ptosis are strabismus (improperly aligned eyes), refractive errors, or astigmatism. In most cases ptosis affects visual field but may also result in blurred vision (acuity). Ptosis may be indirectly responsible ...
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion due to retinal vasculitis Priyanka
... to milder retinopathy and the non-ischemic type of CRVO. In elderly persons, sclerotic changes in the central retinal artery which shares a common adventitial sheath with the central retinal vein, leading to secondary endothelial proliferation. 3,5 In younger patients, hematological factors and phle ...
... to milder retinopathy and the non-ischemic type of CRVO. In elderly persons, sclerotic changes in the central retinal artery which shares a common adventitial sheath with the central retinal vein, leading to secondary endothelial proliferation. 3,5 In younger patients, hematological factors and phle ...
Yet To Receive
... in a randomised controlled trial of 120 consecutive patients undergoing scleral buckling procedures. He found no significant difference in the primary success rate (87% in the drainage group v 82% in the non-drainage group), final flattening rate (97% in both groups) or visual acuity outcome between ...
... in a randomised controlled trial of 120 consecutive patients undergoing scleral buckling procedures. He found no significant difference in the primary success rate (87% in the drainage group v 82% in the non-drainage group), final flattening rate (97% in both groups) or visual acuity outcome between ...
The Effect of Various Contact Lenses on Intraocular Pressure
... deformity as well as poor results of refractive surgery [1]. Wearing contact lens causes corneal edema after some hours, and this edema increases corneal central thickness. Results of a study carried out by Tyagi found that central and peripheral corneal thickness was increased in patients who weari ...
... deformity as well as poor results of refractive surgery [1]. Wearing contact lens causes corneal edema after some hours, and this edema increases corneal central thickness. Results of a study carried out by Tyagi found that central and peripheral corneal thickness was increased in patients who weari ...
Excimer Laser Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Corneal Dystrophies
... e.g. 15% of a 500-micron cornea is 75 microns. At the laser, the optometrist can ablate about two-thirds of the depth estimated pre-operatively, in this case, 50 microns. At this point, the patient is examined sitting up at a slit lamp to see the effect of the ablation on the corneal opacity. Occasi ...
... e.g. 15% of a 500-micron cornea is 75 microns. At the laser, the optometrist can ablate about two-thirds of the depth estimated pre-operatively, in this case, 50 microns. At this point, the patient is examined sitting up at a slit lamp to see the effect of the ablation on the corneal opacity. Occasi ...
Cornea Implants
... • When placed in reservoirs of glycogen and sugar, the cornea can remain transparent for at least a day • The endothelium controls the ejection of fluid from the cornea • When the cornea is damaged, e.g. a viral infection, the collagen used to repair the process is not regularly arranged, leading to ...
... • When placed in reservoirs of glycogen and sugar, the cornea can remain transparent for at least a day • The endothelium controls the ejection of fluid from the cornea • When the cornea is damaged, e.g. a viral infection, the collagen used to repair the process is not regularly arranged, leading to ...
Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial
... eligible eyes. Follow-up visits include computerized perimetry and tonometry every 3 months and fundus photography every 6 months. Decisions to change or begin treatment are made jointly with the patient when EMGT progression occurs and also later if clinically needed. Main Outcome Measures: The EMG ...
... eligible eyes. Follow-up visits include computerized perimetry and tonometry every 3 months and fundus photography every 6 months. Decisions to change or begin treatment are made jointly with the patient when EMGT progression occurs and also later if clinically needed. Main Outcome Measures: The EMG ...
Don`t turn away from eye turns
... • To review the expected outcomes and possible complications from strabismus surgery. • To recognize who may benefit from strabismus surgery or vision therapy. ...
... • To review the expected outcomes and possible complications from strabismus surgery. • To recognize who may benefit from strabismus surgery or vision therapy. ...
Tonometer through the eyelid diaton: accuracy and quick IOP reading
... (IOP) rise and leads to intense damage of the visual nerve and loss of vision. It is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide. Nearly 4.5 million people are believed to have become blind due to the run of glaucoma and this number is going to exceed 10 million by 2020. Glaucoma detection i ...
... (IOP) rise and leads to intense damage of the visual nerve and loss of vision. It is the second most common cause of blindness worldwide. Nearly 4.5 million people are believed to have become blind due to the run of glaucoma and this number is going to exceed 10 million by 2020. Glaucoma detection i ...
Viktor`s Notes * Retinal Disorders
... 3) CARBOGEN therapy (5% CO2, 95% O2): CO2 dilates retinal arterioles, O2 increases oxygen delivery to ischemic tissues - perform for 10 min every 2 hours for 48 hours. some also advocate ASPIRIN in acute phase. if temporal arteritis is suspected / confirmed → corticosteroids. ...
... 3) CARBOGEN therapy (5% CO2, 95% O2): CO2 dilates retinal arterioles, O2 increases oxygen delivery to ischemic tissues - perform for 10 min every 2 hours for 48 hours. some also advocate ASPIRIN in acute phase. if temporal arteritis is suspected / confirmed → corticosteroids. ...
Squint - Curtis Opticians
... Long sight (hypermetropia) Long sightedness can sometimes lead to a squint developing as the eyes ‘over-focus’ in order to see clearly. In an attempt to avoid double vision, the brain may automatically respond by ‘switching off’ the image from one eye and turning the eye to avoid using it. If left u ...
... Long sight (hypermetropia) Long sightedness can sometimes lead to a squint developing as the eyes ‘over-focus’ in order to see clearly. In an attempt to avoid double vision, the brain may automatically respond by ‘switching off’ the image from one eye and turning the eye to avoid using it. If left u ...
Eye Movement Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis
... the MLF is sufficiently rostral that the medial rectus subnucleus itself is impaired; therefore, impaired convergence will accompany impaired adduction on horizontal saccades. In this setting, referred to as the anterior INO of Cogan, the distinction is blurred between INO and partial third nerve pa ...
... the MLF is sufficiently rostral that the medial rectus subnucleus itself is impaired; therefore, impaired convergence will accompany impaired adduction on horizontal saccades. In this setting, referred to as the anterior INO of Cogan, the distinction is blurred between INO and partial third nerve pa ...
Ophthalmology
... health professional at an early stage in order to prevent serious complications arising, as these may end up threatening the vision of the animal (Dwyer 2012). Ensure that all foals, as well as older animals, have an eye examination. General aspects of an ophthalmic examination can be incorporated i ...
... health professional at an early stage in order to prevent serious complications arising, as these may end up threatening the vision of the animal (Dwyer 2012). Ensure that all foals, as well as older animals, have an eye examination. General aspects of an ophthalmic examination can be incorporated i ...
High-Frequency Radiowave Electrosurgery for Persistent
... shrinkage of the conjunctiva reduces the redundant conjunctival tissue and tightens its surface area, which may further reduce the chance of reaccumulation of subconjunctival fluid.11 High-frequency radiowave electrosurgery removed persistent conjunctival chemosis completely in this case series. Thi ...
... shrinkage of the conjunctiva reduces the redundant conjunctival tissue and tightens its surface area, which may further reduce the chance of reaccumulation of subconjunctival fluid.11 High-frequency radiowave electrosurgery removed persistent conjunctival chemosis completely in this case series. Thi ...
Entropion of the upper and lower eyelids
... The management of entropion depends on it cause, but frequently requires an operation to evert the eyelashes away from the eye. In the upper eyelid, this usually requires an incision in the horizontal skin-crease (or fold) of the lid, adjustment of the muscle which pulls the eyelid upwards, and plac ...
... The management of entropion depends on it cause, but frequently requires an operation to evert the eyelashes away from the eye. In the upper eyelid, this usually requires an incision in the horizontal skin-crease (or fold) of the lid, adjustment of the muscle which pulls the eyelid upwards, and plac ...
Innervation of the superior tarsal (Müller`s)
... adrenergic nerve fibers in the superior tarsal muscle. Acute damage of the adrenergic nerve fibers was found in the superior tarsal muscle 24 hr after superior cervical ganglionectomy in the cynomolgous monkey.15 Denervation of the branches of the ophthalmic part of the trigeminal afferent nerve in ...
... adrenergic nerve fibers in the superior tarsal muscle. Acute damage of the adrenergic nerve fibers was found in the superior tarsal muscle 24 hr after superior cervical ganglionectomy in the cynomolgous monkey.15 Denervation of the branches of the ophthalmic part of the trigeminal afferent nerve in ...
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), sometimes called by the older names benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) or pseudotumor cerebri (PTC), is a neurological disorder that is characterized by increased intracranial pressure (pressure around the brain) in the absence of a tumor or other diseases. The main symptoms are headache, nausea, and vomiting, as well as pulsatile tinnitus (sounds perceived in the ears, with the sound occurring in the same rhythm as the pulse), double vision and other visual symptoms. If untreated, it may lead to swelling of the optic disc in the eye, which can progress to vision loss.IIH is diagnosed with a brain scan (to rule out other causes) and a lumbar puncture; lumbar puncture may also provide temporary and sometimes permanent relief from the symptoms. Some respond to medication (with the drug acetazolamide), but others require surgery to relieve the pressure. The condition may occur in all age groups, but is most common in women aged 20–40, especially those with obesity.