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Prentice Hall Review PPT. Ch. 7
Prentice Hall Review PPT. Ch. 7

... 3. The cell is surrounded by a cell membrane, which regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Why is it important to regulate what moves into and out of a cell? Materials such as oxygen and food that are needed by the cell have to be able to get inside the cell. At the same time, excess materials h ...
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... released from lysis for its own growth, and the organism does not reproduce sexually; hence, suggestions that cell death has evolved for “altruistic” functions (Frohlich and Madeo, 2000; Lewis, 2000) or for cellular differentiation cannot be invoked in this organism. It is possible that the caspase- ...
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... from both H. robusta and T. rude. These fragments encode portions of the bHLH domain of the predicted hes-class genes, designated as Hro-hes (accession# AY144625) and Tru-hes (accession# AY144624). Each fragment contains an intron (126 and 324 bp, respectively) at a site that is conserved with respe ...
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Biochemical switches in the cell cycle



A series of biochemical switches control transitions between and within the various phases of the cell cycle. The cell cycle is a series of complex, ordered, sequential events that control how a single cell divides into two cells, and involves several different phases. The phases include the G1 and G2 phases, DNA replication or S phase, and the actual process of cell division, mitosis or M phase. During the M phase, the chromosomes separate and cytokinesis occurs.The switches maintain the orderly progression of the cell cycle and act as checkpoints to ensure that each phase has been properly completed before progression to the next phase. For example, Cdk, or cyclin dependent kinase, is a major control switch for the cell cycle and it allows the cell to move from G1 to S or G2 to M by adding phosphate to protein substrates. Such multi-component (involving multiple inter-linked proteins) switches have been shown to generate decisive, robust (and potentially irreversible) transitions and trigger stable oscillations. As a result, they are a subject of active research that tries to understand how such complex properties are wired into biological control systems.
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