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Bio Keystone Review
... Any individual living thing. All living things have common characteristics: are made of cells; reproduce; are based on a universal genetic code; grow and develop; obtain materials and use energy; respond to the environment (stimulus/response); maintain a stable internal environment (through homeosta ...
... Any individual living thing. All living things have common characteristics: are made of cells; reproduce; are based on a universal genetic code; grow and develop; obtain materials and use energy; respond to the environment (stimulus/response); maintain a stable internal environment (through homeosta ...
File - Westpine Biology EOC
... It may seem obvious to people living in the modern world that disease is caused by germs or pathogens, but germ theory took centuries to be developed and accepted. Germ theory proposes that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases. This theory was highly controversial when it was first proposed ...
... It may seem obvious to people living in the modern world that disease is caused by germs or pathogens, but germ theory took centuries to be developed and accepted. Germ theory proposes that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases. This theory was highly controversial when it was first proposed ...
Unit A: the Science of Biology
... A typical response might mention that living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy, fats can be used to store energy, and nucleic acids transmit hereditary information and proteins form tissues. 3. What properties of carbon explain carbon’s ability to form many different macromolec ...
... A typical response might mention that living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy, fats can be used to store energy, and nucleic acids transmit hereditary information and proteins form tissues. 3. What properties of carbon explain carbon’s ability to form many different macromolec ...
CYSTIC FIBROSIS
... • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that affects many organs in the body: especially the lungs, pancreas and sweat glands. A build-up of thick, sticky mucus in these organs leads to respiratory problems, incomplete digestion and increased salt loss from the sweat glands. • As a result of ...
... • Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that affects many organs in the body: especially the lungs, pancreas and sweat glands. A build-up of thick, sticky mucus in these organs leads to respiratory problems, incomplete digestion and increased salt loss from the sweat glands. • As a result of ...
Gateway - Isabella Brown
... Glycerol has alcohol group – OH Fatty acid has long carbon chain + COOH (acid) ...
... Glycerol has alcohol group – OH Fatty acid has long carbon chain + COOH (acid) ...
Lecture PPT
... Cambrian explosion appears to have been caused by evolution of developmental genes ...
... Cambrian explosion appears to have been caused by evolution of developmental genes ...
Cells - Life Learning Cloud
... − these losses are especially large in mammals and birds whose bodies must be kept at a constant temperature which is usually higher than that of their surroundings. Many trees shed their leaves each year and most animals produce droppings at least once a day. All plants and animals also eventually ...
... − these losses are especially large in mammals and birds whose bodies must be kept at a constant temperature which is usually higher than that of their surroundings. Many trees shed their leaves each year and most animals produce droppings at least once a day. All plants and animals also eventually ...
1.1 Unity and Diversity
... activities of life require organisms to perform work. Work depends on a source of energy. • The exchange of energy between an organism and its surroundings often involves the transformation of one form of energy to another. • For example, when a leaf produces sugar, it converts solar energy to chemi ...
... activities of life require organisms to perform work. Work depends on a source of energy. • The exchange of energy between an organism and its surroundings often involves the transformation of one form of energy to another. • For example, when a leaf produces sugar, it converts solar energy to chemi ...
Biology pages:Layout 1
... 24. Four important functions of organic compounds in living things include: capturing and transforming energy; building new structures; storing materials; repairing structures; keeping all chemical activities functioning. 25. Athletes need to consume lots of complex carbohydrates during training bec ...
... 24. Four important functions of organic compounds in living things include: capturing and transforming energy; building new structures; storing materials; repairing structures; keeping all chemical activities functioning. 25. Athletes need to consume lots of complex carbohydrates during training bec ...
Additional Biology B2 Core Knowledge
... Adult stem cells Alleles Amino acids Asexual reproduction Base triplets Bases Beta-carotene Biodiversity Chromosomes Clones Codons Complementary base pairs Cytosine (C) Daughter cells Differentiated Double helix Embryo Embryonic stem cells Enucleated Fertilisation Gametes Genes Genetic code Genetic ...
... Adult stem cells Alleles Amino acids Asexual reproduction Base triplets Bases Beta-carotene Biodiversity Chromosomes Clones Codons Complementary base pairs Cytosine (C) Daughter cells Differentiated Double helix Embryo Embryonic stem cells Enucleated Fertilisation Gametes Genes Genetic code Genetic ...
Mitosis
... CDKs & cyclin drive cell from one phase to next in cell cycle proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) ...
... CDKs & cyclin drive cell from one phase to next in cell cycle proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) ...
Chapter 12. Regulation of the Cell Cycle - Environmental
... CDKs & cyclin drive cell from one phase to next in cell cycle proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) ...
... CDKs & cyclin drive cell from one phase to next in cell cycle proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) ...
Cell Cycle PPT
... proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution u the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) u ...
... proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution u the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) u ...
Cell Theory Cell Structure, Cell Transport and Mitosis
... Nucleoplasm: is the matrix (formless) of nucleus and has a different composition than Cytosol. Chromatin fibers: are very long molecules of DNA associated with proteins (Histones and other nuclear proteins). Each chromatin fiber, at the time of cell division, organizes into Chromosomes. Fig 3-17 Nuc ...
... Nucleoplasm: is the matrix (formless) of nucleus and has a different composition than Cytosol. Chromatin fibers: are very long molecules of DNA associated with proteins (Histones and other nuclear proteins). Each chromatin fiber, at the time of cell division, organizes into Chromosomes. Fig 3-17 Nuc ...
12.3 Cell Cycle Regulation PowerPoint
... CDKs & cyclin drive cell from one phase to next in cell cycle proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) ...
... CDKs & cyclin drive cell from one phase to next in cell cycle proper regulation of cell cycle is so key to life that the genes for these regulatory proteins have been highly conserved through evolution the genes are basically the same in yeast, insects, plants & animals (including humans) ...
Biology Review Answers
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
CompBio-RODLEU-1 - Carnegie Mellon School of Computer
... by Peter Berget, Computational Analysis of patterns by Xiang Chen and Robert F. Murphy ...
... by Peter Berget, Computational Analysis of patterns by Xiang Chen and Robert F. Murphy ...
Biology Keystone Exam Review Packet
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
Keystone Exam Review Power Point
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
Biology Keystone Exam Review Power Point
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
... by osmosis. B) Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion. Due to the fact that they are highly charged molecules (and “hate” the nonpolar cell membrane and can’t pass through it) and are trying to move against a concentration gradient (from low ...
Chapter 1: Cells, Reproduction, and Heredity
... Before cells divide in Meiosis, the chromosomes are copied. Each group then separates and the two chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell and then divide. Each new cell has half of the chromosomes of the original cell, but has 2 copies of each. Each cell divides again and move to opposite sid ...
... Before cells divide in Meiosis, the chromosomes are copied. Each group then separates and the two chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell and then divide. Each new cell has half of the chromosomes of the original cell, but has 2 copies of each. Each cell divides again and move to opposite sid ...
2 The Necessities of Life
... Proteins are large molecules made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. Living things break down the proteins in food and use the amino acids to make new proteins. An organism uses proteins in many different ways. Some proteins are used to build or fix parts of an organism’s body. Some protein ...
... Proteins are large molecules made up of smaller molecules called amino acids. Living things break down the proteins in food and use the amino acids to make new proteins. An organism uses proteins in many different ways. Some proteins are used to build or fix parts of an organism’s body. Some protein ...
Glossary - Hodder Education
... adenine a purine organic base, found in the coenzymes ATP and NADP, and in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in which it pairs with thymine adenosine diphosphate (ADP) a nucleotide, present in every living cell, made of adenosine and two phosphate groups linked in series, and important in energy transfer ...
... adenine a purine organic base, found in the coenzymes ATP and NADP, and in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in which it pairs with thymine adenosine diphosphate (ADP) a nucleotide, present in every living cell, made of adenosine and two phosphate groups linked in series, and important in energy transfer ...
Cells
... 1. Which of the following is the only cell organelle that is capable of converting light energy into chemical energy? A. mitochondrion B. vacuole C. chloroplast D. endoplasmic reticulum 2. Some prokaryotes and eukaryotes have whip-like projections that help propel the cell through liquid. What is th ...
... 1. Which of the following is the only cell organelle that is capable of converting light energy into chemical energy? A. mitochondrion B. vacuole C. chloroplast D. endoplasmic reticulum 2. Some prokaryotes and eukaryotes have whip-like projections that help propel the cell through liquid. What is th ...
B - Sewanhaka Central High School District
... • Cells are the basic unit of structure for all living things. • Cells are the basic unit of function for all living things. • All cells come from pre-existing cells. ...
... • Cells are the basic unit of structure for all living things. • Cells are the basic unit of function for all living things. • All cells come from pre-existing cells. ...
Introduction to genetics
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Genetics is the study of genes — what they are, what they do, and how they work. Genes are made up of molecules inside the nucleus of a cell that are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit phenotypic traits, (features) determined by the genes they received from their parents and thereby going back through the generations. For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes. Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation. In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell - gene expression; and how a cell divides - mitosis or meiosis.Some phenotypic traits can be seen, such as eye color while others can only be detected, such as blood type or intelligence. Traits determined by genes can be modified by the animal's surroundings (environment): for example, the general design of a tiger's stripes is inherited, but the specific stripe pattern is determined by the tiger's surroundings. Another example is a person's height: it is determined by both genetics and nutrition.Genes are made of DNA, which is divided into separate pieces called chromosomes. Humans have 46: 23 pairs, though this number varies between species, for example many primates have 24 pairs. Meiosis creates special cells, sperm in males and eggs in females, which only have 23 chromosomes. These two cells merge into one during the fertilization stage of sexual reproduction, creating a zygote in which a nucleic acid double helix divides, with each single helix occupying one of the daughter cells, resulting in half the normal number of genes. The zygote then divides into four daughter cells by which time genetic recombination has created a new embryo with 23 pairs of chromosomes, half from each parent. Mating and resultant mate choice result in sexual selection. In normal cell division (mitosis) is possible when the double helix separates, and a complement of each separated half is made, resulting in two identical double helices in one cell, with each occupying one of the two new daughter cells created when the cell divides.Chromosomes all contain four nucleotides, abbreviated C (cytosine), G (guanine), A (adenine), or T (thymine), which line up in a particular sequence and make a long string. There are two strings of nucleotides coiled around one another in each chromosome: a double helix. C on one string is always opposite from G on the other string; A is always opposite T. There are about 3.2 billion nucleotide pairs on all the human chromosomes: this is the human genome. The order of the nucleotides carries genetic information, whose rules are defined by the genetic code, similar to how the order of letters on a page of text carries information. Three nucleotides in a row - a triplet - carry one unit of information: a codon. The genetic code not only controls inheritance: it also controls gene expression, which occurs when a portion of the double helix is uncoiled, exposing a series of the nucleotides, which are within the interior of the DNA. This series of exposed triplets (codons) carries the information to allow machinery in the cell to ""read"" the codons on the exposed DNA, which results in the making of RNA molecules. RNA in turn makes either amino acids or microRNA, which are responsible for all of the structure and function of a living organism; i.e. they determine all the features of the cell and thus the entire individual. Closing the uncoiled segment turns off the gene. Heritability means the information in a given gene is not always exactly the same in every individual in that species, so the same gene in different individuals does not give exactly the same instructions. Each unique form of a single gene is called an allele; different forms are collectively called polymorphisms. As an example, one allele for the gene for hair color and skin cell pigmentation could instruct the body to produce black pigment, producing black hair and pigmented skin; while a different allele of the same gene in a different individual could give garbled instructions that would result in a failure to produce any pigment, giving white hair and no pigmented skin: albinism. Mutations are random changes in genes creating new alleles, which in turn produce new traits, which could help, harm, or have no new effect on the individual's likelihood of survival; thus, mutations are the basis for evolution.