Designing marine reserves for interacting species: Insights
... increasing movement and decreasing growth and movement bias (Gopalsamy, 1977). In addition to reserve size, models such as those described above can provide insight into the debate on whether to establish a single large or several small reserves (SLOSS). For example, in a competition-colonization mo ...
... increasing movement and decreasing growth and movement bias (Gopalsamy, 1977). In addition to reserve size, models such as those described above can provide insight into the debate on whether to establish a single large or several small reserves (SLOSS). For example, in a competition-colonization mo ...
Positive interactions expand habitat use and the realized niches of
... 2011), and proposing to abandon it altogether (Chase and Leibold 2003). Positive interactions are particularly problematic for niche theory (Bruno and Bertness 2001). Foundation species, for example, provide group benefits, ameliorate physical and biotic stresses, expand species distributions, and in ...
... 2011), and proposing to abandon it altogether (Chase and Leibold 2003). Positive interactions are particularly problematic for niche theory (Bruno and Bertness 2001). Foundation species, for example, provide group benefits, ameliorate physical and biotic stresses, expand species distributions, and in ...
Land use vs. fragment size and isolation as determinants
... Rodents Marsupials Economic activity ...
... Rodents Marsupials Economic activity ...
Mountain Cultures, Keystone Species: Exploring the Role of Cultural
... • Loss of key fauna and flora, such as Marco Polo sheep and teresken, has significant implications on local livelihoods. In a region with relatively few economic opportunities, promising activities such as tourism will be negatively affected by the loss of attractions, such as wildlife, and increase ...
... • Loss of key fauna and flora, such as Marco Polo sheep and teresken, has significant implications on local livelihoods. In a region with relatively few economic opportunities, promising activities such as tourism will be negatively affected by the loss of attractions, such as wildlife, and increase ...
The long-term relationship between plant diversity and total plant
... al. 2000, Holt and Loreau 2002, Pacala and Tilman 2002). Second, the two-species case of each model is analytically tractable, and acts as a limiting case for the behavior of more speciose models. Third, the twospecies version of each model might be expected to capture many (though by no means all) ...
... al. 2000, Holt and Loreau 2002, Pacala and Tilman 2002). Second, the two-species case of each model is analytically tractable, and acts as a limiting case for the behavior of more speciose models. Third, the twospecies version of each model might be expected to capture many (though by no means all) ...
Individuals, populations and the balance of nature: the question of
... Arguments against a balance of nature, and the nature of ecological theory Many ecologists have questioned the validity of the balance of nature argument. The debate has been long and often heated. Disagreement has been aimed not only at the observable fluctuations in natural systems relative to the ...
... Arguments against a balance of nature, and the nature of ecological theory Many ecologists have questioned the validity of the balance of nature argument. The debate has been long and often heated. Disagreement has been aimed not only at the observable fluctuations in natural systems relative to the ...
Coexistence of nearly neutral species - SYSU
... (2011) and Zhang et al. (2012), what our model considers is a general case in which Bi/Di and Bj/Dj are not necessarily equal but can vary independently. We use this model to examine the joint effect of biased birth and death rates on the probability of species extinction and the time of coexistence ...
... (2011) and Zhang et al. (2012), what our model considers is a general case in which Bi/Di and Bj/Dj are not necessarily equal but can vary independently. We use this model to examine the joint effect of biased birth and death rates on the probability of species extinction and the time of coexistence ...
Conservation or Co-evolution? Intermediate Levels of Aboriginal
... Coppolillo, 2005; Smith and Wishnie, 2000) or “emergent sustainability” (Moritz et al., 2013). These outcomes are neither intentional conservation, which requires short-term loss for longterm gain, nor are they sustainable management, which requires planned intent. Rather, they are an emergent outco ...
... Coppolillo, 2005; Smith and Wishnie, 2000) or “emergent sustainability” (Moritz et al., 2013). These outcomes are neither intentional conservation, which requires short-term loss for longterm gain, nor are they sustainable management, which requires planned intent. Rather, they are an emergent outco ...
AP-ES 5 13-14 V2
... Some species are more vulnerable to extinction • Extinction occurs when the environment changes too rapidly for natural selection to keep up • Endemic species = • a species only exists in a certain, specialized area - Very susceptible to extinction - These species usually have small populations - S ...
... Some species are more vulnerable to extinction • Extinction occurs when the environment changes too rapidly for natural selection to keep up • Endemic species = • a species only exists in a certain, specialized area - Very susceptible to extinction - These species usually have small populations - S ...
Ecological Components of Endangered Forests
... other products including building materials and paper products. Because of the direct link to local and global economics, more attention has been paid to this class of service than any other. Human use of forests for obtaining provisions varies markedly among cultures and countries around the world. ...
... other products including building materials and paper products. Because of the direct link to local and global economics, more attention has been paid to this class of service than any other. Human use of forests for obtaining provisions varies markedly among cultures and countries around the world. ...
Invasive Plants and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Planning in an Era of
... recognize quickly those areas that normally include the resources they need to fulfill all aspects of their life history (Jaenike and Holt 1991). When non-native plants provide similar structural cues but different levels of resources than native plants, the cues that trigger habitat selection are d ...
... recognize quickly those areas that normally include the resources they need to fulfill all aspects of their life history (Jaenike and Holt 1991). When non-native plants provide similar structural cues but different levels of resources than native plants, the cues that trigger habitat selection are d ...
Biological Resources Assessment of the Proposed
... Wetlands No wetlands, vernal pools, or other sensitive natural communities were identified within the project site during the reconnaissance-level surveys. ...
... Wetlands No wetlands, vernal pools, or other sensitive natural communities were identified within the project site during the reconnaissance-level surveys. ...
Evidence for the Role of Infectious Disease in Species Extinction
... Abstract: Infectious disease is listed among the top five causes of global species extinctions. However, the majority of available data supporting this contention is largely anecdotal. We used the IUCN Red List of Threatened and Endangered Species and literature indexed in the ISI Web of Science to ...
... Abstract: Infectious disease is listed among the top five causes of global species extinctions. However, the majority of available data supporting this contention is largely anecdotal. We used the IUCN Red List of Threatened and Endangered Species and literature indexed in the ISI Web of Science to ...
pptx
... “If some mechanism promotes the coexistence of two or more species, each species must be able to increase when it is rare and the others are at their typical abundances; this invasibility criterion is fundamental evidence for species coexistence regardless of the mechanism.” “some subset of the co-o ...
... “If some mechanism promotes the coexistence of two or more species, each species must be able to increase when it is rare and the others are at their typical abundances; this invasibility criterion is fundamental evidence for species coexistence regardless of the mechanism.” “some subset of the co-o ...
New Zealand`s Naturally Uncommon Ecosystems
... Abstract: We provide an overview of naturally uncommon ecosystems in New Zealand. Terrestrial ecosystems that were rare before humans colonised New Zealand often have highly specialised and diverse assemblages of flora and fauna, characterised by endemic and rare species. A national-scale typology p ...
... Abstract: We provide an overview of naturally uncommon ecosystems in New Zealand. Terrestrial ecosystems that were rare before humans colonised New Zealand often have highly specialised and diverse assemblages of flora and fauna, characterised by endemic and rare species. A national-scale typology p ...
natura 2000 network of nature protection areas
... protection, preservation and restoration of ecosystems, species and their natural habitats. The protection sites are selected by strictly following specific scientific criteria, according to two directives : Habitat Criterion and Bird Criterion. ...
... protection, preservation and restoration of ecosystems, species and their natural habitats. The protection sites are selected by strictly following specific scientific criteria, according to two directives : Habitat Criterion and Bird Criterion. ...
Hooded Scaly-foot (Pygopus nigriceps)
... There have been no previous management actions specifically targeting the Hooded Scaly-foot. Records of the species have tended to be gathered incidentally. In 1998 the Terrick Terrick grassland was added to the Terrick Terrick State Park to form the Terrick Terrick National Park. This park contains ...
... There have been no previous management actions specifically targeting the Hooded Scaly-foot. Records of the species have tended to be gathered incidentally. In 1998 the Terrick Terrick grassland was added to the Terrick Terrick State Park to form the Terrick Terrick National Park. This park contains ...
Action Statement
... Robertson (1999) has highlighted management issues specific to the Hooded Scaly-foot within Terrick Terrick National Park. These include the urgent need to determine the distribution of the species. To this end, specific survey techniques need to be employed; the common survey technique of pitfall t ...
... Robertson (1999) has highlighted management issues specific to the Hooded Scaly-foot within Terrick Terrick National Park. These include the urgent need to determine the distribution of the species. To this end, specific survey techniques need to be employed; the common survey technique of pitfall t ...
Three selected ecological observations interpreted in
... direction it takes, and its implications for ecosystem properties and development. Growth may be defined as the increase of a measurable quantity, which in ecological terms is often assumed to be the biomass. But growth can also be interpreted as an increase in the organisation of ordered structure ...
... direction it takes, and its implications for ecosystem properties and development. Growth may be defined as the increase of a measurable quantity, which in ecological terms is often assumed to be the biomass. But growth can also be interpreted as an increase in the organisation of ordered structure ...
Grasslands, Shrublands, Deserts
... (Brown 1985). The root systems of perennial grasses and forbs form complex mats that hold the soil in place. Mites, insect larvae, nematodes and earthworms inhabit deep soil, which can reach 20 feet underground. These invertebrates, along with symbiotic fungi, extend the root systems, break apart ha ...
... (Brown 1985). The root systems of perennial grasses and forbs form complex mats that hold the soil in place. Mites, insect larvae, nematodes and earthworms inhabit deep soil, which can reach 20 feet underground. These invertebrates, along with symbiotic fungi, extend the root systems, break apart ha ...
13.1 Ecologists Study Relationships / 13.2 Biotic & Abiotic Organism
... on the small mammals, amphibians, insects, and fruit found in this habitat. Red foxes are active at night. They provide blood for blackflies and mosquitoes, and are host to numerous diseases. The scraps, or carrion, left behind after a fox's meal provide food for many small scavengers and decomposer ...
... on the small mammals, amphibians, insects, and fruit found in this habitat. Red foxes are active at night. They provide blood for blackflies and mosquitoes, and are host to numerous diseases. The scraps, or carrion, left behind after a fox's meal provide food for many small scavengers and decomposer ...
Effects of Competition, Predation, and Dispersal on Species
... predators promote or prevent local versus regional coexistence among prey. The second question asks how species richness at local and regional spatial scales are expected to co-vary when predators mediate local coexistence among prey. We begin by showing that local richness approaches an upper asymp ...
... predators promote or prevent local versus regional coexistence among prey. The second question asks how species richness at local and regional spatial scales are expected to co-vary when predators mediate local coexistence among prey. We begin by showing that local richness approaches an upper asymp ...
CISA letter in response to Environ
... Eelgrass density is depressed by space competition with farmed geoducks, and intertidal harvest reduces eelgrass density by more than 70 percent. (See ‘Geoduck Clam Aquaculture as Press and Pulse Perturbations to Eelgrass’, Ruesink, Rowell.) An evaluation by Entrix in 2004, also funded by Taylor She ...
... Eelgrass density is depressed by space competition with farmed geoducks, and intertidal harvest reduces eelgrass density by more than 70 percent. (See ‘Geoduck Clam Aquaculture as Press and Pulse Perturbations to Eelgrass’, Ruesink, Rowell.) An evaluation by Entrix in 2004, also funded by Taylor She ...
Reconciliation ecology
Reconciliation ecology is the branch of ecology which studies ways to encourage biodiversity in human-dominated ecosystems. Michael Rosenzweig first articulated the concept in his book Win-Win Ecology, based on the theory that there is not enough area for all of earth’s biodiversity to be saved within designated nature preserves. Therefore, humans should increase biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes. By managing for biodiversity in ways that do not decrease human utility of the system, it is a ""win-win"" situation for both human use and native biodiversity. The science is based in the ecological foundation of human land-use trends and species-area relationships. It has many benefits beyond protection of biodiversity, and there are numerous examples of it around the globe. Aspects of reconciliation ecology can already be found in management legislation, but there are challenges in both public acceptance and ecological success of reconciliation attempts.