spatial variation in molluscan assemblages from coralline turfs of
... by algal turfs increase habitat heterogeneity, providing opportunity for infaunal molluscs as well as frond-dwelling species (Gibbons, 1988). The fronds themselves and their associated epiphytes (attached algae) may also provide a nutritional source for grazing snails (Hay, Duffy & Pfister, 1987) or ...
... by algal turfs increase habitat heterogeneity, providing opportunity for infaunal molluscs as well as frond-dwelling species (Gibbons, 1988). The fronds themselves and their associated epiphytes (attached algae) may also provide a nutritional source for grazing snails (Hay, Duffy & Pfister, 1987) or ...
Mesopredator Release and Prey Abundance: Reply to Litvaitis
... and raccoons because wolves were extirpated nearly two centuries ago. However, decline or extinction of other potential intraguild predators of foxes and raccoons should also have been considered before speculating on the subject. For example, foxes and raccoons could be killed by coyotes (RaIls & ...
... and raccoons because wolves were extirpated nearly two centuries ago. However, decline or extinction of other potential intraguild predators of foxes and raccoons should also have been considered before speculating on the subject. For example, foxes and raccoons could be killed by coyotes (RaIls & ...
review - Jordi Bascompte
... competitors is logistically challenging, and many of the mathematical tools for analysing the interaction between a pair of competitors do not translate readily to large networks of competing species3. As a consequence, coexistence research has focused overwhelmingly on mechanisms that operate betwe ...
... competitors is logistically challenging, and many of the mathematical tools for analysing the interaction between a pair of competitors do not translate readily to large networks of competing species3. As a consequence, coexistence research has focused overwhelmingly on mechanisms that operate betwe ...
Basic and Applied Ecology
... number of sites or areas in which a species in a taxonomic assemblage occurs regionally and its local abundance. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain this interspecific occupancyabundance relationship, but it has recently been argued that the pattern is most profitably viewed as a co ...
... number of sites or areas in which a species in a taxonomic assemblage occurs regionally and its local abundance. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain this interspecific occupancyabundance relationship, but it has recently been argued that the pattern is most profitably viewed as a co ...
Ecosystem Decay of Amazonian Forest Fragments: a 22
... Many other animal species respond negatively to edges and thus are likely to be vulnerable to fragmentation. Numerous flies, bees, wasps ( Fowler et al. 1993), beetles (Didham et al. 1998a, 1998b), ants (Carvalho & Vasconcelos 1999), and butterflies (Brown & Hutchings 1997) decline in abundance near ...
... Many other animal species respond negatively to edges and thus are likely to be vulnerable to fragmentation. Numerous flies, bees, wasps ( Fowler et al. 1993), beetles (Didham et al. 1998a, 1998b), ants (Carvalho & Vasconcelos 1999), and butterflies (Brown & Hutchings 1997) decline in abundance near ...
Relationships between ecological interaction modifications and
... a series of direct effects involving other species can also link the two original species, changing the net sign or magnitude of the pairwise interactions between them (Wootton 1994a, b, Damiani 2000). Because interaction modifications involve changes in per capita interaction strengths, they cannot ...
... a series of direct effects involving other species can also link the two original species, changing the net sign or magnitude of the pairwise interactions between them (Wootton 1994a, b, Damiani 2000). Because interaction modifications involve changes in per capita interaction strengths, they cannot ...
Plant communities in harsh sites are less invaded: a summary of
... While western North American grasslands are highly invaded relative to other habitat types (e.g., forests), interspersed serpentine ‘islands’ have been historically less invaded relative to surrounding non-serpentine grasslands (Kruckeberg 1954; Walker 1954; Baker 1986). Many native species that wer ...
... While western North American grasslands are highly invaded relative to other habitat types (e.g., forests), interspersed serpentine ‘islands’ have been historically less invaded relative to surrounding non-serpentine grasslands (Kruckeberg 1954; Walker 1954; Baker 1986). Many native species that wer ...
DRAFT BA Y-DELTA OVERSIGHT
... fishery resources undoubtedly occurred, the benefits derived from these introduced species were considered sufficient at the time to justify their introduction. In those cases, the non-native species are now considered part of the Estuary's biological system. Many fisheries management experts believ ...
... fishery resources undoubtedly occurred, the benefits derived from these introduced species were considered sufficient at the time to justify their introduction. In those cases, the non-native species are now considered part of the Estuary's biological system. Many fisheries management experts believ ...
Behavioural biology: an effective and relevant conservation tool
... phylogenetic diversity of animal behaviour will respond to climate change due to global warming. Conservation behaviourists have already begun to develop a body of literature that addresses behavioural responses to rapid climatic alterations (Box 4). Restoring balance to ecosystems Other behavioural ...
... phylogenetic diversity of animal behaviour will respond to climate change due to global warming. Conservation behaviourists have already begun to develop a body of literature that addresses behavioural responses to rapid climatic alterations (Box 4). Restoring balance to ecosystems Other behavioural ...
SAIS botanical survey report
... (Vitousek, 1988). They now form the bulk of the semi-natural ecosystems, often comprising communities which have been assembled from species originating in diverse parts of the world. The ecology of these new, developing, plant and animal communities, and how they are changing over time, remains lit ...
... (Vitousek, 1988). They now form the bulk of the semi-natural ecosystems, often comprising communities which have been assembled from species originating in diverse parts of the world. The ecology of these new, developing, plant and animal communities, and how they are changing over time, remains lit ...
The restoration and re-creation of species
... existing semi-natural grasslands have generally been slow. On former agriculturally improved swards, nutrient depletion has accelerated this process, especially where ‘‘gaps’’ for establishment have been created. Similarly, on ex-arable soils ‘‘nutrient stripping’’ and sowing with diverse seed mixtu ...
... existing semi-natural grasslands have generally been slow. On former agriculturally improved swards, nutrient depletion has accelerated this process, especially where ‘‘gaps’’ for establishment have been created. Similarly, on ex-arable soils ‘‘nutrient stripping’’ and sowing with diverse seed mixtu ...
Land-use history - India Environment Portal
... et al. 2014). Despite these well-documented effects of agricultural land-use history on soil conditions and plant communities, less work has examined the effects of landuse legacies on other organisms, such as consumers. Understanding how anthropogenic drivers alter consumer communities is important ...
... et al. 2014). Despite these well-documented effects of agricultural land-use history on soil conditions and plant communities, less work has examined the effects of landuse legacies on other organisms, such as consumers. Understanding how anthropogenic drivers alter consumer communities is important ...
Hierarchical effects of environmental filters on the functional
... the upper part of the valley, communities were mainly grasslands and shrublands and, in its lower part, they included also some forest stands (mainly Larix decidua, see Fig. 2 for more details on species composition). The herbaceous communities considered were managed with low disturbance regimes in ...
... the upper part of the valley, communities were mainly grasslands and shrublands and, in its lower part, they included also some forest stands (mainly Larix decidua, see Fig. 2 for more details on species composition). The herbaceous communities considered were managed with low disturbance regimes in ...
... therein, along with amount of exposed bare ground and plant litter (Collins and Smith 2006). These data were used to calculate the relative percent cover of grasses, forbs, and bare ground, as well as species richness. We used data on ANPP from clipping three 20 cm 3 50 cm quadrats positioned within ...
A Community Matrix Analysis of Heliconia Insect Communities
... after that time. Thus, a t a given time, most of the inflorescences in a locality are of the same age. Each inflorescence lasts on the plant for about 11 ~ v k ; however, by the eighth week nearly half of the inflorescence has rotted. Flowering H . imbricata plants produce a new bract pair about eac ...
... after that time. Thus, a t a given time, most of the inflorescences in a locality are of the same age. Each inflorescence lasts on the plant for about 11 ~ v k ; however, by the eighth week nearly half of the inflorescence has rotted. Flowering H . imbricata plants produce a new bract pair about eac ...
Global networks for invasion science: benefits, challenges and
... invasions have been more intensively studied than any other major group of alien organisms (Pyšek et al. 2006, 2008) and have contributed most to our theoretical understanding of organism-focused (what determines invasiveness of particular taxa?) and ecosystem-centered (what makes a community, ecos ...
... invasions have been more intensively studied than any other major group of alien organisms (Pyšek et al. 2006, 2008) and have contributed most to our theoretical understanding of organism-focused (what determines invasiveness of particular taxa?) and ecosystem-centered (what makes a community, ecos ...
Is There Current Competition between Sympatric Siberian Weasels
... Hai-Yin Wu (1999) Is there current competition between sympatric Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) and ferret badgers (Melogale moschata) in a subtropical forest ecosystem of Taiwan? Zoological Studies 38(4): 443-451. The Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) and ferret badgers (Melogale moschata) s ...
... Hai-Yin Wu (1999) Is there current competition between sympatric Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) and ferret badgers (Melogale moschata) in a subtropical forest ecosystem of Taiwan? Zoological Studies 38(4): 443-451. The Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) and ferret badgers (Melogale moschata) s ...
adaptive radiation driven by the interplay of eco
... focal, geographically isolated region. Dependence of the parameters upon landscape structure is detailed in section Landscape model. Population dynamics and competition We use a stochastic, individual-based version of the population growth and competition model of Roughgarden (1972) in a twodimensio ...
... focal, geographically isolated region. Dependence of the parameters upon landscape structure is detailed in section Landscape model. Population dynamics and competition We use a stochastic, individual-based version of the population growth and competition model of Roughgarden (1972) in a twodimensio ...
The role of environmental generalist species in ecosystem function
... specialist species were created that differed in their realized growth rates under suboptimal environmental conditions. Generalists were more tolerant of suboptimal conditions but specialists grew faster when conditions were optimal. Model simulations were performed involving generalist-only and spe ...
... specialist species were created that differed in their realized growth rates under suboptimal environmental conditions. Generalists were more tolerant of suboptimal conditions but specialists grew faster when conditions were optimal. Model simulations were performed involving generalist-only and spe ...
Notes on the ecology of Tradescantia fluminensis and a biological
... towns have more weeds than those further away (Timmins & Williams 1991), often as a result of the dumping of garden rubbish. If these reserves are to continue to protect natural values, they will require regular attention to prevent the establishment of weeds (Timmins & Williams 1991), although futu ...
... towns have more weeds than those further away (Timmins & Williams 1991), often as a result of the dumping of garden rubbish. If these reserves are to continue to protect natural values, they will require regular attention to prevent the establishment of weeds (Timmins & Williams 1991), although futu ...
Decomposer diversity and identity influence plant
... Abstract. Plant productivity and other ecosystem functions often increase with plant diversity at a local scale. Alongside various plant-centered explanations for this pattern, there is accumulating evidence that multi-trophic interactions shape this relationship. Here, we investigated for the first ...
... Abstract. Plant productivity and other ecosystem functions often increase with plant diversity at a local scale. Alongside various plant-centered explanations for this pattern, there is accumulating evidence that multi-trophic interactions shape this relationship. Here, we investigated for the first ...
Reconciliation ecology
Reconciliation ecology is the branch of ecology which studies ways to encourage biodiversity in human-dominated ecosystems. Michael Rosenzweig first articulated the concept in his book Win-Win Ecology, based on the theory that there is not enough area for all of earth’s biodiversity to be saved within designated nature preserves. Therefore, humans should increase biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes. By managing for biodiversity in ways that do not decrease human utility of the system, it is a ""win-win"" situation for both human use and native biodiversity. The science is based in the ecological foundation of human land-use trends and species-area relationships. It has many benefits beyond protection of biodiversity, and there are numerous examples of it around the globe. Aspects of reconciliation ecology can already be found in management legislation, but there are challenges in both public acceptance and ecological success of reconciliation attempts.