Plant–pollinator interactions and the assembly of plant
... Agricultural examples Farmers have long relied on introduced or naturally occurring pollinators to fertilize seed and fruit crops. Recently, in the face of pollinator population declines, the value of native pollinators as an ‘ecosystem service’ has been highlighted [12]. These managed communities m ...
... Agricultural examples Farmers have long relied on introduced or naturally occurring pollinators to fertilize seed and fruit crops. Recently, in the face of pollinator population declines, the value of native pollinators as an ‘ecosystem service’ has been highlighted [12]. These managed communities m ...
Area–heterogeneity tradeoff and the diversity of ecological
... 0.0001). All these patterns are consistent with the area–heterogeneity tradeoff. An important conclusion from these results is that heterogeneity–diversity relationships observed at the wholecommunity level are expected to depend on the distribution of niche width among the component species. If the ...
... 0.0001). All these patterns are consistent with the area–heterogeneity tradeoff. An important conclusion from these results is that heterogeneity–diversity relationships observed at the wholecommunity level are expected to depend on the distribution of niche width among the component species. If the ...
Reproductive dynamics of three amphibian species in
... These species typically thrive in widely varying environments (Joly & Morand, 1994; Morand & Joly, 1995). To reduce predation pressure at the larval stage, many amphibian species breed in fish-free habitats that exhibit large fluctuations of their flooding conditions (Hecnar & M’closkey, 1997; Smith ...
... These species typically thrive in widely varying environments (Joly & Morand, 1994; Morand & Joly, 1995). To reduce predation pressure at the larval stage, many amphibian species breed in fish-free habitats that exhibit large fluctuations of their flooding conditions (Hecnar & M’closkey, 1997; Smith ...
Vacant niches in nature, ecology, and evolutionary theory: a mini
... Rohde (1991, 2005) has shown that parasites have not occupied all trophic niches that are open to them, either. He found that the number of species parasitizing gills of the investigated marine fish fluctuate between 0 and 30, although the fish did not differ much in body size and their habitats. The au ...
... Rohde (1991, 2005) has shown that parasites have not occupied all trophic niches that are open to them, either. He found that the number of species parasitizing gills of the investigated marine fish fluctuate between 0 and 30, although the fish did not differ much in body size and their habitats. The au ...
Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus)
... Jones 2009). In addition, increased temperatures and drought events associated with climate change are predicted to impact the prairie region (Barrow and Yu 2005) and likely pose a long-term threat to Long-billed Curlew habitat. See Tables 2 and 3. Habitat availability: In the Prairie Ecosystem of C ...
... Jones 2009). In addition, increased temperatures and drought events associated with climate change are predicted to impact the prairie region (Barrow and Yu 2005) and likely pose a long-term threat to Long-billed Curlew habitat. See Tables 2 and 3. Habitat availability: In the Prairie Ecosystem of C ...
Potential value of indicator species for conservation
... guide appropriate land management requires the integrated study of communities and systems in order to derive the basic principles operating. Standardisation would enable efficient use of resources through an increased ability to collate and compare different studies. Information gathered needs to b ...
... guide appropriate land management requires the integrated study of communities and systems in order to derive the basic principles operating. Standardisation would enable efficient use of resources through an increased ability to collate and compare different studies. Information gathered needs to b ...
Human-Induced Trophic Cascades along the Fecal Detritus Pathway
... detritivores (including Scarabaeine dung beetles), with subsequent indirect impacts on detrivore-mediated and plantfacilitating detrital processes. Across a 380-km gradient of human influence in the western Brazilian Amazon, we conducted the first landscape-level assessment of human-induced cascade ...
... detritivores (including Scarabaeine dung beetles), with subsequent indirect impacts on detrivore-mediated and plantfacilitating detrital processes. Across a 380-km gradient of human influence in the western Brazilian Amazon, we conducted the first landscape-level assessment of human-induced cascade ...
Is a healthy ecosystem one that is rich in parasites?
... focused on the functioning of a whole community; therefore the term must embrace the overall performance and persistence of the system. Thus, a healthy ecosystem is one that persists, maintains vigor (productivity), organization (biodiversity and predictability) and resilience (time to recovery) [6] ...
... focused on the functioning of a whole community; therefore the term must embrace the overall performance and persistence of the system. Thus, a healthy ecosystem is one that persists, maintains vigor (productivity), organization (biodiversity and predictability) and resilience (time to recovery) [6] ...
Micro algal diversity of the lake inside the government zoological
... increases as diversity increases and for a given equitability Simpson’s index increases as richness of species increase. Taking Simpson’s index and expressing it as a proportion of the maximum value can also calculate equitability. Equitability takes a value between 0 and 1, with 1 being complete ev ...
... increases as diversity increases and for a given equitability Simpson’s index increases as richness of species increase. Taking Simpson’s index and expressing it as a proportion of the maximum value can also calculate equitability. Equitability takes a value between 0 and 1, with 1 being complete ev ...
Population density of North American elk
... sites. Thus, NAPP in grasslands during 1999 only was restricted to areas with herbivory by elk, but grassland exclosures were established for 2000 and 2001. Stewart et al. (2006) provide a detailed rationale for this experimental design. We placed exclosures (32 9 32 m) in mesic, logged, and xeric f ...
... sites. Thus, NAPP in grasslands during 1999 only was restricted to areas with herbivory by elk, but grassland exclosures were established for 2000 and 2001. Stewart et al. (2006) provide a detailed rationale for this experimental design. We placed exclosures (32 9 32 m) in mesic, logged, and xeric f ...
Felis nigripes, Black-footed Cat
... The black-footed cat is a specialist of open, short grass areas with an abundance of small rodents and ground-roosting birds. It inhabits dry, open savanna, grasslands and Karoo semi-desert with sparse shrub and tree cover and a mean annual rainfall of between 100 and 500 mm at altitudes of 0-2,000 ...
... The black-footed cat is a specialist of open, short grass areas with an abundance of small rodents and ground-roosting birds. It inhabits dry, open savanna, grasslands and Karoo semi-desert with sparse shrub and tree cover and a mean annual rainfall of between 100 and 500 mm at altitudes of 0-2,000 ...
2007-2008 - Illinois Natural History Survey
... research at INHS. Its world-renowned collections both reflect and support the active roles that our scientists continue to play in efforts to improve knowledge of Earth’s biological diversity. The INHS biological collections, assembled by Survey scientists and others over the past 150 years, and in ...
... research at INHS. Its world-renowned collections both reflect and support the active roles that our scientists continue to play in efforts to improve knowledge of Earth’s biological diversity. The INHS biological collections, assembled by Survey scientists and others over the past 150 years, and in ...
An Attack on our Landscapes by Invasive Exotic Plant Species
... MIEPSTF reviews, discusses and recommends educational and regulatory action related to managing known and potential non-native invasive plant species that negatively impact natural communities and built landscape in Missouri and elsewhere in the lower Midwest. ...
... MIEPSTF reviews, discusses and recommends educational and regulatory action related to managing known and potential non-native invasive plant species that negatively impact natural communities and built landscape in Missouri and elsewhere in the lower Midwest. ...
The Altitudinal Niche-Breadth Hypothesis in Insect
... investigation along latitudinal gradients has to deal with the confounding effect of species evolutionary history and ecology. In summary, the latitude niche-breadth hypothesis is much debated due to contradictory evidence, as well as potential confounding effects. Altitude and latitude are often di ...
... investigation along latitudinal gradients has to deal with the confounding effect of species evolutionary history and ecology. In summary, the latitude niche-breadth hypothesis is much debated due to contradictory evidence, as well as potential confounding effects. Altitude and latitude are often di ...
HELCOM Red List Melanitta fusca
... Description of major threats Velvet scoters migrate between their breeding grounds in the tundra and the wintering sites in temperate areas and are thus exposed to threats in both ecosystems. Furthermore, velvet scoters use the Baltic Sea area for moulting, a phase in which they are flightless and p ...
... Description of major threats Velvet scoters migrate between their breeding grounds in the tundra and the wintering sites in temperate areas and are thus exposed to threats in both ecosystems. Furthermore, velvet scoters use the Baltic Sea area for moulting, a phase in which they are flightless and p ...
Reintroduction of Eurasian beaver to Scotland
... Scotland, as it became extinct due to human persecution and anthropogenic habitat loss and that reintroduction is a positive method in which to address this historic extinction. It is worth considering that had a small population of native Eurasian beavers managed to survive in Scotland to date, the ...
... Scotland, as it became extinct due to human persecution and anthropogenic habitat loss and that reintroduction is a positive method in which to address this historic extinction. It is worth considering that had a small population of native Eurasian beavers managed to survive in Scotland to date, the ...
Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of nutrient enrichment
... opportunity for re-colonisation. Second, we tested whether the observed lack of recovery depended on neighbour plot richness (Hawthorne 2012), which was quantified as the mean number of species in all adjacent plots (including up to eight plots along the four edges and at the four corners of a plot ...
... opportunity for re-colonisation. Second, we tested whether the observed lack of recovery depended on neighbour plot richness (Hawthorne 2012), which was quantified as the mean number of species in all adjacent plots (including up to eight plots along the four edges and at the four corners of a plot ...
Aquatic ecology
... Minimal fish habitats (Class 3) Passionfruit Gully flows under the existing highway via three box culverts. It is approximately 3 m wide with a series of small pools located on the downstream side of the crossing. No pools of water exist upstream as the channel is choked with various species includi ...
... Minimal fish habitats (Class 3) Passionfruit Gully flows under the existing highway via three box culverts. It is approximately 3 m wide with a series of small pools located on the downstream side of the crossing. No pools of water exist upstream as the channel is choked with various species includi ...
Chapter 25 - Kewalo Marine Lab
... bycatch, and ineffective regulations (e.g., the US Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act that uses single-species demographics rather than ecological and habitat information for determining exploitation levels). Whereas maritime activities including oil spills and ship groundings ...
... bycatch, and ineffective regulations (e.g., the US Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act that uses single-species demographics rather than ecological and habitat information for determining exploitation levels). Whereas maritime activities including oil spills and ship groundings ...
Plant Species Diversity and Management of Temperate Forage and
... culus acris L.). Most of the weedy grasses and forbs were typical of low soil fertility conditions (Cooper et al., 1929). A recent survey also showed dominance by Poa and white clover in northeastern grazing lands (Tracy and Sanderson, 2000); however, the dominant weedy species included quackgrass [ ...
... culus acris L.). Most of the weedy grasses and forbs were typical of low soil fertility conditions (Cooper et al., 1929). A recent survey also showed dominance by Poa and white clover in northeastern grazing lands (Tracy and Sanderson, 2000); however, the dominant weedy species included quackgrass [ ...
The ecology of infectious disease: Effects of host diversity and
... carolinensis) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) combined] have the highest dilution potential, reducing infection prevalence by ⬇58% points from what it would be if ticks were feeding on mice alone. Other hosts occur at too low densities [e.g., skunks (Mephitis mephitis)] and兾or host too f ...
... carolinensis) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) combined] have the highest dilution potential, reducing infection prevalence by ⬇58% points from what it would be if ticks were feeding on mice alone. Other hosts occur at too low densities [e.g., skunks (Mephitis mephitis)] and兾or host too f ...
Wilderness Opportunities on the Inyo National Forest
... Compact Fleabane, and Dedecker’s Clover. Wilderness would provide important permanent protections for these and other species in the area. Inyo Mountain Wilderness Addition A portion of this proposed addition is contiguous with the Inyo Mountain Wilderness, so its addition would enhance the existin ...
... Compact Fleabane, and Dedecker’s Clover. Wilderness would provide important permanent protections for these and other species in the area. Inyo Mountain Wilderness Addition A portion of this proposed addition is contiguous with the Inyo Mountain Wilderness, so its addition would enhance the existin ...
2000 CRC Press LLC - Site de utilizadores
... Instead, they assembled species from various areas that they felt would grow well on the site. The primary goal was for the forest to last forever with little or no maintenance. While modeling a restoration project after a natural community is typically how restoration projects are planned, value (e ...
... Instead, they assembled species from various areas that they felt would grow well on the site. The primary goal was for the forest to last forever with little or no maintenance. While modeling a restoration project after a natural community is typically how restoration projects are planned, value (e ...
Reconciliation ecology
Reconciliation ecology is the branch of ecology which studies ways to encourage biodiversity in human-dominated ecosystems. Michael Rosenzweig first articulated the concept in his book Win-Win Ecology, based on the theory that there is not enough area for all of earth’s biodiversity to be saved within designated nature preserves. Therefore, humans should increase biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes. By managing for biodiversity in ways that do not decrease human utility of the system, it is a ""win-win"" situation for both human use and native biodiversity. The science is based in the ecological foundation of human land-use trends and species-area relationships. It has many benefits beyond protection of biodiversity, and there are numerous examples of it around the globe. Aspects of reconciliation ecology can already be found in management legislation, but there are challenges in both public acceptance and ecological success of reconciliation attempts.