Monetary policy in Vietnam: the case of a transition country
... Also, the SBV together with the Ministry of Finance continues to try to influence interest rate movements by other means than indirect monetary policy. For example, the SBV continues to announce a base rate, which was used in the past for setting interest rate ceilings and which is now considered as ...
... Also, the SBV together with the Ministry of Finance continues to try to influence interest rate movements by other means than indirect monetary policy. For example, the SBV continues to announce a base rate, which was used in the past for setting interest rate ceilings and which is now considered as ...
32 - Long Island University
... – The demand for loanable funds in the loanable funds market increased, which increased the interest rate. – The higher interest rate reduced net capital outflow but this decrease was not as large as the increase caused by capital flight. Therefore, NCO increased. – This increased the supply of peso ...
... – The demand for loanable funds in the loanable funds market increased, which increased the interest rate. – The higher interest rate reduced net capital outflow but this decrease was not as large as the increase caused by capital flight. Therefore, NCO increased. – This increased the supply of peso ...
GLOBALIZATION
... • On this date, the U.K. pound was selling for $1.67. The same day, the U.S. dollar was selling for .59 pounds. • If you know the price in U.S. dollars of a currency, you can find the price of the U.S. dollar in that currency by taking the reciprocal; 1.67 = 1/.59 ...
... • On this date, the U.K. pound was selling for $1.67. The same day, the U.S. dollar was selling for .59 pounds. • If you know the price in U.S. dollars of a currency, you can find the price of the U.S. dollar in that currency by taking the reciprocal; 1.67 = 1/.59 ...
Chapter 13
... – Reduce income expansion to lower import growth – Reduce inflation for exports to compete internationally ...
... – Reduce income expansion to lower import growth – Reduce inflation for exports to compete internationally ...
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... assets by Euro area residents, motivated in part by the expectations of high productivity growth in the United States, in part by the search for diversification opportunities after the common currency eliminated currency risk within Euroland. Recent analyses have instead stressed the strong increase ...
... assets by Euro area residents, motivated in part by the expectations of high productivity growth in the United States, in part by the search for diversification opportunities after the common currency eliminated currency risk within Euroland. Recent analyses have instead stressed the strong increase ...
Monetary policy in the euro area`s neighbouring countries
... economic developments. The most significant advantage of conducting an independent monetary policy is that it allows the central bank to address the specific needs of its own economy. Countries which join a currency union relinquish this ability to control and stabilise in favour of other advantages ...
... economic developments. The most significant advantage of conducting an independent monetary policy is that it allows the central bank to address the specific needs of its own economy. Countries which join a currency union relinquish this ability to control and stabilise in favour of other advantages ...
ECON 202: APPLIED INTERNATIONAL MACROECONOMICS
... studying. As such, it recognizes the need to forecast your country’s exchange rate vis-àvis the US dollar over its investment horizon of 1 to 3 years. a. What economic factors should the investment committee consider when making these forecasts? b. How strongly can the investment committee rely on t ...
... studying. As such, it recognizes the need to forecast your country’s exchange rate vis-àvis the US dollar over its investment horizon of 1 to 3 years. a. What economic factors should the investment committee consider when making these forecasts? b. How strongly can the investment committee rely on t ...
A Macroeconomic Theory of the Open Economy
... • Effect of an Import Quota – An appreciation of the dollar in the foreign exchange market encourages imports and discourages exports. – This offsets the initial increase in net exports due to import quota. – Trade policies do not affect the trade balance. ...
... • Effect of an Import Quota – An appreciation of the dollar in the foreign exchange market encourages imports and discourages exports. – This offsets the initial increase in net exports due to import quota. – Trade policies do not affect the trade balance. ...
Role of the IMF in the Global Financial Crisis Miranda Xafa
... that turned out to be so important in the recent crisis. The Fund has made important analytical contributions to the measurement of “interconnectedness” and systemic risk that can help define the perimeter of regulation, while warning against a “rush to regulate” in ways that unduly stifle innovatio ...
... that turned out to be so important in the recent crisis. The Fund has made important analytical contributions to the measurement of “interconnectedness” and systemic risk that can help define the perimeter of regulation, while warning against a “rush to regulate” in ways that unduly stifle innovatio ...
22-30 Latin American Financial Crises (cont.)
... investment projects, eventually leading to higher production and consumption. – But some investment projects fail and other borrowed funds are used primarily for consumption purposes. – Some countries have defaulted on their foreign debts when the domestic economy stagnated or during financial crise ...
... investment projects, eventually leading to higher production and consumption. – But some investment projects fail and other borrowed funds are used primarily for consumption purposes. – Some countries have defaulted on their foreign debts when the domestic economy stagnated or during financial crise ...
Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)
... growth in spending exceeds growth in capacity, inflationary pressures tend to emerge. If growth in spending is less than the growth in capacity, then the economy will not be producing as much as it could. As a result, unemployment may rise. When the Federal Reserve adopts a restrictive monetary poli ...
... growth in spending exceeds growth in capacity, inflationary pressures tend to emerge. If growth in spending is less than the growth in capacity, then the economy will not be producing as much as it could. As a result, unemployment may rise. When the Federal Reserve adopts a restrictive monetary poli ...
Competitiveness of Swiss companies
... companies to create growth and wealth in a globalised market, they are continually having to maintain their position against international competitors. Local factors such as the educational standard of the population, labour market flexibility and the tax burden clearly play their part. The importan ...
... companies to create growth and wealth in a globalised market, they are continually having to maintain their position against international competitors. Local factors such as the educational standard of the population, labour market flexibility and the tax burden clearly play their part. The importan ...
HKMA-MAS Bilat Slides, 18 Jan 2003
... •Suppose fertility rate declines exogenously (e.g., improvement in female education, or decrease in contraception cost). •Child-rearing associated with increased consumption. So decline in fertility means increased savings. •Investment may drop with decline in future equilibrium capital stock. •If s ...
... •Suppose fertility rate declines exogenously (e.g., improvement in female education, or decrease in contraception cost). •Child-rearing associated with increased consumption. So decline in fertility means increased savings. •Investment may drop with decline in future equilibrium capital stock. •If s ...
TECHNICAL NOTE PROPOSAL INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING
... banking and credit system, as well as the need for circulating money during the First World War led to having amounts of money in circulation that were higher than the gold stock, which resulted in the gradual abandonment of the standard, to such an extent that no nation in the world uses said stand ...
... banking and credit system, as well as the need for circulating money during the First World War led to having amounts of money in circulation that were higher than the gold stock, which resulted in the gradual abandonment of the standard, to such an extent that no nation in the world uses said stand ...
Setting the Stage for a National Currency in the West
... maintain the stability of the exchange rate under a fixed regime. Money supply will increase as the monetary authority buys foreign reserves to prevent the appreciation of the local currency. In the absence of the central bank’s intervention (e.g., under a flexible exchange rate regime), an increase ...
... maintain the stability of the exchange rate under a fixed regime. Money supply will increase as the monetary authority buys foreign reserves to prevent the appreciation of the local currency. In the absence of the central bank’s intervention (e.g., under a flexible exchange rate regime), an increase ...
Fixed exchange rates
... 1) Monetary policy fixed exchange rates The central bank is bound to adjust domestic money supply in order to maintain it = it* Domestic monetary policy is totally ineffective The impossible trinity: a country cannot have simultaneously monetary independence, exchange rate stability and perfect ca ...
... 1) Monetary policy fixed exchange rates The central bank is bound to adjust domestic money supply in order to maintain it = it* Domestic monetary policy is totally ineffective The impossible trinity: a country cannot have simultaneously monetary independence, exchange rate stability and perfect ca ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES GLOBAL SHOCKS, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND FINANCIAL CRISES:
... includes New Zealand. In the existing literature, New Zealand is often not included in the estimation samples because of missing values in key variables. Based on the results from the estimation, we highlight factors which were important in mitigating or exacerbating crisis risk in the country. We f ...
... includes New Zealand. In the existing literature, New Zealand is often not included in the estimation samples because of missing values in key variables. Based on the results from the estimation, we highlight factors which were important in mitigating or exacerbating crisis risk in the country. We f ...
Chapter 12
... 1. A country’s GNP is roughly equal to the income received by its factors of production. 2. In an open economy, GNP equals the sum of consumption, investment, government purchases, and the current account. 3. GDP is equal to GNP minus net receipts of factor income from abroad. It measures the output ...
... 1. A country’s GNP is roughly equal to the income received by its factors of production. 2. In an open economy, GNP equals the sum of consumption, investment, government purchases, and the current account. 3. GDP is equal to GNP minus net receipts of factor income from abroad. It measures the output ...
PDF
... interest rates, wage rates and exchange rates. Monthly income and expected inflation data had to be proxied. For income, we used monthly government expenditures, since the government is a major employer and therefore an important source of income. The use of government expenditures to estimate the d ...
... interest rates, wage rates and exchange rates. Monthly income and expected inflation data had to be proxied. For income, we used monthly government expenditures, since the government is a major employer and therefore an important source of income. The use of government expenditures to estimate the d ...
Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies
... Crises in advanced economies can be triggered by a number of factors. But in emerging market countries, financial crises develop along two basic paths—either the mismanagement of financial liberalization and globalization or severe fiscal imbalances. The first path of mismanagement of financial libe ...
... Crises in advanced economies can be triggered by a number of factors. But in emerging market countries, financial crises develop along two basic paths—either the mismanagement of financial liberalization and globalization or severe fiscal imbalances. The first path of mismanagement of financial libe ...
CEPAL Review 96 - CEPAL
... Monetary autonomy in the screr regime This section will analyse whether, under an screr regime, there is sufficient economic autonomy for monetary policy to be conducted. It finds that there can usually be enough monetary autonomy to make an active monetary policy practicable. The regulatory power o ...
... Monetary autonomy in the screr regime This section will analyse whether, under an screr regime, there is sufficient economic autonomy for monetary policy to be conducted. It finds that there can usually be enough monetary autonomy to make an active monetary policy practicable. The regulatory power o ...
32 - Mersin
... • A decrease in net foreign investment reduces the supply of dollars to be exchanged into foreign currency. • This causes the real exchange rate to appreciate. ...
... • A decrease in net foreign investment reduces the supply of dollars to be exchanged into foreign currency. • This causes the real exchange rate to appreciate. ...
Foreign-exchange reserves
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Foreign-exchange reserves (also called forex reserves or FX reserves) are assets held by a central bank or other monetary authority, usually in various reserve currencies, mostly the United States dollar, and to a lesser extent the euro, the pound sterling, and the Japanese yen, and used to back its liabilities—e.g., the local currency issued, and the various bank reserves deposited with the central bank by the government or by financial institutions.