an empirical study of the yen/dollar exchange rate
... associated with an increase in conditional yen/dollar volatility. Similarly, Baillie and Humpage (1992) find a positive relationship between Federal Reserve, Bank of Japan and Bundesbank intervention and the conditional volatility of the mark/dollar and yen/dollar exchange rates for the period Febr ...
... associated with an increase in conditional yen/dollar volatility. Similarly, Baillie and Humpage (1992) find a positive relationship between Federal Reserve, Bank of Japan and Bundesbank intervention and the conditional volatility of the mark/dollar and yen/dollar exchange rates for the period Febr ...
Independent Review of the Operation of Monetary Policy in New Zealand:
... 2000 in order to observe the operations of the Reserve Bank …rst hand and collect material for the review. I have also had discussions with a number of key people in the area of monetary policy from other countries. In order to judge whether the operation of monetary policy has been e¤ective, it is ...
... 2000 in order to observe the operations of the Reserve Bank …rst hand and collect material for the review. I have also had discussions with a number of key people in the area of monetary policy from other countries. In order to judge whether the operation of monetary policy has been e¤ective, it is ...
Global Strategy Q3 2016
... The economy of the euro zone grew by 1.7% in Q3, indicating that despite the Brexit vote, growth has stabilized compared to the previous quarter. On the component level consumer spending continued to be the most important pillar of growth in the euro area. In a number of countries consumer demand be ...
... The economy of the euro zone grew by 1.7% in Q3, indicating that despite the Brexit vote, growth has stabilized compared to the previous quarter. On the component level consumer spending continued to be the most important pillar of growth in the euro area. In a number of countries consumer demand be ...
Money, prices and exchange rates in the long run
... Consider now the effects of a money demand contraction. This can occur, for instance, when full employment output declines or when money velocity increases, say because people fear future inflation. In any case, there will be a lower demand for money for transaction purposes, and this will affect th ...
... Consider now the effects of a money demand contraction. This can occur, for instance, when full employment output declines or when money velocity increases, say because people fear future inflation. In any case, there will be a lower demand for money for transaction purposes, and this will affect th ...
Day Trading the Currency Market
... technical and fundamental drivers as well as actionable trading strategies. There is something for everyone in this book, as it is designed for both the beginner and the advanced trader. In this book, I try to accomplish two major goals: to touch on the basics of the FX market and the currency chara ...
... technical and fundamental drivers as well as actionable trading strategies. There is something for everyone in this book, as it is designed for both the beginner and the advanced trader. In this book, I try to accomplish two major goals: to touch on the basics of the FX market and the currency chara ...
Inflation in New Zealand’s trading partner economies Satish Ranchhod
... Country key: AU Australia, CA Canada, JP Japan, NZ New Zealand, UK United Kingdom, US United States. ...
... Country key: AU Australia, CA Canada, JP Japan, NZ New Zealand, UK United Kingdom, US United States. ...
trade and development report, 2006
... According to this year’s Trade and Development Report, if the current momentum in the world economy is sustained, we can expect decisive progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. Moreover, the Report shows that there has been growing demand around the world for developing-country exports – ...
... According to this year’s Trade and Development Report, if the current momentum in the world economy is sustained, we can expect decisive progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. Moreover, the Report shows that there has been growing demand around the world for developing-country exports – ...
Engineering Good Times: Fiscal Manipulation in a Global Economy
... ‘good times’. One of the tools most commonly attributed to the government for manufacturing good times prior to an election is fiscal manipulation—spending more or taxing less. When governments manipulate fiscal policy depends upon the domestic institutional, political and economic context of each e ...
... ‘good times’. One of the tools most commonly attributed to the government for manufacturing good times prior to an election is fiscal manipulation—spending more or taxing less. When governments manipulate fiscal policy depends upon the domestic institutional, political and economic context of each e ...
Implications of the inflation targeting strategy in some of the
... The Czech Republic has adopted the strategy of direct inflation targeting in 1998, renouncing thus at the exchange rate targeting strategy. This change came as a result of the exchange rate turbulences from May 1997 and because of the need to achieve low inflation rates for the EU accession process. ...
... The Czech Republic has adopted the strategy of direct inflation targeting in 1998, renouncing thus at the exchange rate targeting strategy. This change came as a result of the exchange rate turbulences from May 1997 and because of the need to achieve low inflation rates for the EU accession process. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FINANCE AND GROWTH: THEORY AND EVIDENCE Ross Levine
... receives only limited attention in this essay: Can countries simply import financial services, or are there substantive growth benefits from countries having well-developed domestic financial systems? Second, I treat the political, legal, regulatory, and other policy determinants of financial develo ...
... receives only limited attention in this essay: Can countries simply import financial services, or are there substantive growth benefits from countries having well-developed domestic financial systems? Second, I treat the political, legal, regulatory, and other policy determinants of financial develo ...
An Independent Review of Monetary Policy and Institutions in Norway
... instrument-rate path; that is, conditional on its best forecast of its future interestrate settings. This would normally be a time-varying instrument-rate path. The assumed exchange-rate path should also normally be the Bank’s best forecast of the future exchange rate, also normally a time-variable ...
... instrument-rate path; that is, conditional on its best forecast of its future interestrate settings. This would normally be a time-varying instrument-rate path. The assumed exchange-rate path should also normally be the Bank’s best forecast of the future exchange rate, also normally a time-variable ...
Does Purchasing Power Parity hold between European countries?
... And in this decade, Credit Crunch and European sovereign debt crisis become major concerns in economic study. The reasons why financial crises happen are various, including national economic structures, development of economic environment, fiscal monetary policy, exchange rate system, exchange rate ...
... And in this decade, Credit Crunch and European sovereign debt crisis become major concerns in economic study. The reasons why financial crises happen are various, including national economic structures, development of economic environment, fiscal monetary policy, exchange rate system, exchange rate ...
Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Currency
... abroad or in state service on behalf of the Republic of Kazakhstan beyond its border, with the exception citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan possessing a document entitling them for permanent residence in a foreign state issued under the laws of such foreign state; foreigners and persons without ...
... abroad or in state service on behalf of the Republic of Kazakhstan beyond its border, with the exception citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan possessing a document entitling them for permanent residence in a foreign state issued under the laws of such foreign state; foreigners and persons without ...
A Model of the Twin Ds: Optimal Default and Devaluation ∗ S. Na
... not trivial because while individual households take credit market conditions (and in particular the interest rate) as given, the social planner internalizes that the cost of credit depends on the country’s external debt and other economic fundamentals. Capital controls, by altering the effective in ...
... not trivial because while individual households take credit market conditions (and in particular the interest rate) as given, the social planner internalizes that the cost of credit depends on the country’s external debt and other economic fundamentals. Capital controls, by altering the effective in ...
International Monetary Review
... domestic economy, could stall Asian growth and put people out of work. The adverse spill-overs on social development and poverty, should not be taken lightly. Addressing such vulnerability can be achieved by strengthening regional trade and investment linkages with a specific focus on reforming and ...
... domestic economy, could stall Asian growth and put people out of work. The adverse spill-overs on social development and poverty, should not be taken lightly. Addressing such vulnerability can be achieved by strengthening regional trade and investment linkages with a specific focus on reforming and ...
virtual currency schemes, october 2012 - ECB
... This report begins by defining and classifying virtual currency schemes based on observed characteristics; these might change in future, which could affect the current definition. A virtual currency can be defined as a type of unregulated, digital money, which is issued and usually controlled by its ...
... This report begins by defining and classifying virtual currency schemes based on observed characteristics; these might change in future, which could affect the current definition. A virtual currency can be defined as a type of unregulated, digital money, which is issued and usually controlled by its ...
Channels of international risk-sharing: capital gains versus income
... have only indirect wealth effects on consumption. At the same time, available empirical evidence shows that, for the financial instrument under consideration, i.e. portfolio equity, capital gains are much larger in size than investment income, which would support capital gains as a potentially more ...
... have only indirect wealth effects on consumption. At the same time, available empirical evidence shows that, for the financial instrument under consideration, i.e. portfolio equity, capital gains are much larger in size than investment income, which would support capital gains as a potentially more ...
Global Economic Prospects January 2015
... This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the ...
... This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the ...
German-Central European Supply Chain--Cluster Report
... Since the 1990s a German-Central European supply chain (GCESC) has evolved, manufacturing goods for export to the rest of the world. Reflecting this, bilateral trade linkages between Germany and the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and the Slovak Republic (henceforth CE4) have expanded rapidly. Suppl ...
... Since the 1990s a German-Central European supply chain (GCESC) has evolved, manufacturing goods for export to the rest of the world. Reflecting this, bilateral trade linkages between Germany and the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and the Slovak Republic (henceforth CE4) have expanded rapidly. Suppl ...
S h o u l d u n c... l e s s ? Chris Salmon and Ben Martin,
... Recently, interest has grown again in interaction between broader forms of uncertainty and monetary policy. At the Bank of England this has been fuelled, in part, by the existence of an inflation target. Inflation targeting can be viewed as analogous to operating policy with an inflation forecast as ...
... Recently, interest has grown again in interaction between broader forms of uncertainty and monetary policy. At the Bank of England this has been fuelled, in part, by the existence of an inflation target. Inflation targeting can be viewed as analogous to operating policy with an inflation forecast as ...
GLOBAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS | January 2015
... creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank Group. 2015. Global Eco ...
... creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank Group. 2015. Global Eco ...
January 2015 - Public Documents Profile Viewer
... creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank Group. 2015. Global Eco ...
... creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank Group. 2015. Global Eco ...
Putting Macroprudential Policy to Work
... debt amortization and gradually reducing the tax deductibility of interest payments on mortgages. But there is still quite a way to go. We need to ensure that next time will be different. It is encouraging that many countries have taken steps to bolster their institutional framework. Macroprudential ...
... debt amortization and gradually reducing the tax deductibility of interest payments on mortgages. But there is still quite a way to go. We need to ensure that next time will be different. It is encouraging that many countries have taken steps to bolster their institutional framework. Macroprudential ...
the impact of the global financial and economic crisis - UN
... second channel through which the LDC economies have been affected. A third transmission mechanism, which can be of critical importance for some LDCs, is the slowdown in migrant workers remittance flows. As unemployment in the advanced countries increases and the end of the commodity export boom in s ...
... second channel through which the LDC economies have been affected. A third transmission mechanism, which can be of critical importance for some LDCs, is the slowdown in migrant workers remittance flows. As unemployment in the advanced countries increases and the end of the commodity export boom in s ...
International monetary systems
International monetary systems are sets of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions, that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between nation states. They provide means of payment acceptable between buyers and sellers of different nationality, including deferred payment. To operate successfully, they need to inspire confidence, to provide sufficient liquidity for fluctuating levels of trade and to provide means by which global imbalances can be corrected. The systems can grow organically as the collective result of numerous individual agreements between international economic factors spread over several decades. Alternatively, they can arise from a single architectural vision as happened at Bretton Woods in 1944.