chapter 31 - Pearsoncmg.com
... and principal payments to whichever currency it would prefer to make its payments in. Thus, swaps allow firms to mitigate their exchange rate risk exposure between assets and liabilities, while still making investments and raising funds in the most attractive locales. When capital markets are intern ...
... and principal payments to whichever currency it would prefer to make its payments in. Thus, swaps allow firms to mitigate their exchange rate risk exposure between assets and liabilities, while still making investments and raising funds in the most attractive locales. When capital markets are intern ...
The People`s Bank of China and its Monetary Policy Cao Tinggui
... In some western countries, branches of central banks straddle two or more administrative regions, for example, in the United States, Australia and Canada. But in Germany and Japan, branches are established in almost every administrative region. In case of current situations, there is no close correl ...
... In some western countries, branches of central banks straddle two or more administrative regions, for example, in the United States, Australia and Canada. But in Germany and Japan, branches are established in almost every administrative region. In case of current situations, there is no close correl ...
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... All these suggest that the two groups of countries have different motivations for holding IR because they face different economic realities. We close with an examination of the adequacy of IR holdings in the 2010–2012 period as was reflected in exchange market pressures. Our empirical analysis confi ...
... All these suggest that the two groups of countries have different motivations for holding IR because they face different economic realities. We close with an examination of the adequacy of IR holdings in the 2010–2012 period as was reflected in exchange market pressures. Our empirical analysis confi ...
Monetary unions, external shocks and economic performance: A Latin American perspective
... During the last few years a number of papers on (potential) monetary unions around the world have been published.4 Most of these works have analyzed empirically whether particular groups of countries — including Latin American nations — satisfy the traditional and basic criteria for joining a moneta ...
... During the last few years a number of papers on (potential) monetary unions around the world have been published.4 Most of these works have analyzed empirically whether particular groups of countries — including Latin American nations — satisfy the traditional and basic criteria for joining a moneta ...
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... The direct effect of the Convertibility Plan was an increase of the real GDP of approximately 10 % in the first 2 years after the introduction of the plan and of almost 6 % in the following years (Appendix 1). The extremely high level of inflation during the 80’s decreased, and stabilised in ‘93 to ...
... The direct effect of the Convertibility Plan was an increase of the real GDP of approximately 10 % in the first 2 years after the introduction of the plan and of almost 6 % in the following years (Appendix 1). The extremely high level of inflation during the 80’s decreased, and stabilised in ‘93 to ...
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... the short run. If — as in the case of Japan — appreciation continues over a long period, only cost reductions can maintain the original rate of return. As attributed by Athukorala and Menon (1994, 272–273) as well as Fukuhara (1996, 124–130), cost reductions and productivity gains have been crucial ...
... the short run. If — as in the case of Japan — appreciation continues over a long period, only cost reductions can maintain the original rate of return. As attributed by Athukorala and Menon (1994, 272–273) as well as Fukuhara (1996, 124–130), cost reductions and productivity gains have been crucial ...
THE LAGS IN EFFECT OF MONETARY POLICY: A CASE STUDY
... response began after three months, reached at the peak in twelve months and then again came to zero after one and half year. They further concluded that during high inflation monetary authority’s degree of leaning against the wind was almost zero due to two possible reasons. One reason could be that ...
... response began after three months, reached at the peak in twelve months and then again came to zero after one and half year. They further concluded that during high inflation monetary authority’s degree of leaning against the wind was almost zero due to two possible reasons. One reason could be that ...
The advantages and disadvantages of various exchange rate regimes
... fluctuations in world prices of the commodities that they produce, especially mineral and agricultural commodities, as well as fluctuations in the foreign exchange values of major currencies, especially the dollar, yen, and euro. Some countries see the currency to which they are linked moving one di ...
... fluctuations in world prices of the commodities that they produce, especially mineral and agricultural commodities, as well as fluctuations in the foreign exchange values of major currencies, especially the dollar, yen, and euro. Some countries see the currency to which they are linked moving one di ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FINANCIAL LIBERALIZATIONS IN LATIN-AMERICA IN THE 1990s:
... characterized by a reversal of declining self-financing ratios around the time of the crisis episode. The financial opening of the 1990s in Argentina is associated with a sizable drop in the self-financing ratio, from about 0.92 to 0.88. This drop ends with the sudden stop, which led to a partial re ...
... characterized by a reversal of declining self-financing ratios around the time of the crisis episode. The financial opening of the 1990s in Argentina is associated with a sizable drop in the self-financing ratio, from about 0.92 to 0.88. This drop ends with the sudden stop, which led to a partial re ...
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... recovered from their pre-Lehman troughs and therefore look cheap. However, there seems to be a reason for this. Indeed, these countries also have (large) funding needs and weak net international investment positions. In a LT-perspective, corrected for productivity differences, the undervaluation of ...
... recovered from their pre-Lehman troughs and therefore look cheap. However, there seems to be a reason for this. Indeed, these countries also have (large) funding needs and weak net international investment positions. In a LT-perspective, corrected for productivity differences, the undervaluation of ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES EXTERNAL ADJUSTMENT Maurice Obstfeld Working Paper
... classical gold standard. (While there may be some recent exaggeration in the extent of true foreign ownership of capital, the trend is unmistakable.) Recent numbers for the United States, the world's largest economy, are fully consistent with these trends. In 1982, U.S. owned foreign assets were ab ...
... classical gold standard. (While there may be some recent exaggeration in the extent of true foreign ownership of capital, the trend is unmistakable.) Recent numbers for the United States, the world's largest economy, are fully consistent with these trends. In 1982, U.S. owned foreign assets were ab ...
BoZ Monetary Policy Statement July to December
... target of 7.0%. The revision to GDP growth reflects deterioration in the performance of the agriculture sector given adverse weather conditions, as well as low mining production owing to the decline in copper prices and uncertainties surrounding the mining tax regime earlier in the year. In addition ...
... target of 7.0%. The revision to GDP growth reflects deterioration in the performance of the agriculture sector given adverse weather conditions, as well as low mining production owing to the decline in copper prices and uncertainties surrounding the mining tax regime earlier in the year. In addition ...
The influences of monetary policy
... What is open market operation? Open market operations are the means of implementing monetary policy by which a central bank controls its national money supply by buying and selling government securities, or other financial instruments. Monetary targets, such as interest rates or exchange rates, ar ...
... What is open market operation? Open market operations are the means of implementing monetary policy by which a central bank controls its national money supply by buying and selling government securities, or other financial instruments. Monetary targets, such as interest rates or exchange rates, ar ...
on the meaning and future of the european monetary system
... the Third World. In the eyes of the "Europeans," this is a goal'eminently worth striving for when compared with the alternative, but—at any rate until very recently—it was not really felt to be a pressing objective by the whole of European society. At least, this is the conclusion that must be draw ...
... the Third World. In the eyes of the "Europeans," this is a goal'eminently worth striving for when compared with the alternative, but—at any rate until very recently—it was not really felt to be a pressing objective by the whole of European society. At least, this is the conclusion that must be draw ...
Chapter 30: Monetary Policy
... expenditure. The multiplier increases aggregate demand. Real GDP increases and closes the recessionary gap. ...
... expenditure. The multiplier increases aggregate demand. Real GDP increases and closes the recessionary gap. ...
Orion Monetary System 24. Pitfalls and Fallacies of the
... at controlling the people physically through an oppressive political system. This is the reason why they prepare society for the New World Order during the last several centuries. This human condition was almost achieved by the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution in Russia. Similar conditions ca ...
... at controlling the people physically through an oppressive political system. This is the reason why they prepare society for the New World Order during the last several centuries. This human condition was almost achieved by the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution in Russia. Similar conditions ca ...
Chapter-08 - Blackwell Publishing
... deteriorated rapidly since 1990. Mexico's international reserves had actually increased every year from 1990 to 1993 because the capital account (Table 8-3 does not show this account) had been consistently positive in all these years. One can say that foreigners increased their direct investments, h ...
... deteriorated rapidly since 1990. Mexico's international reserves had actually increased every year from 1990 to 1993 because the capital account (Table 8-3 does not show this account) had been consistently positive in all these years. One can say that foreigners increased their direct investments, h ...
Carbaugh, International Economics 9e, Chapter 15
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
chapter14 - University of San Diego Home Pages
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
Document
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
Carbaugh Intl Econ 8e Chapter 15
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
... Elasticity and absorption approaches apply only to the trade balance; monetary approach includes capital account Devaluation may induce a temporary improvement in the balance of payments Devaluation increases the domestic price level, increasing demand for money and drawing foreign capital flo ...
Book Review of "Who Needs to Open the Capital Account?"
... capital account policies around the world ranging from some countries adopting complete openness, to others with market-based prudential controls (notably Brazil) to others with tight restrictions on their capital accounts (such as China). The authors set out to uncover the lessons and implications ...
... capital account policies around the world ranging from some countries adopting complete openness, to others with market-based prudential controls (notably Brazil) to others with tight restrictions on their capital accounts (such as China). The authors set out to uncover the lessons and implications ...
FINANCIAL STABILITY AND MONETARY POLICY: A R EDUCED
... the stability of financial markets. Since central banks are responsible for financial stability, they should monitor asset prices and try to prevent the emergence of bubbles (that invariably lead to crashes). In this view, the use of the interest rate is seen as effective in preventing bubbles from ...
... the stability of financial markets. Since central banks are responsible for financial stability, they should monitor asset prices and try to prevent the emergence of bubbles (that invariably lead to crashes). In this view, the use of the interest rate is seen as effective in preventing bubbles from ...
Financial markets: Productivity, procyclicality, and policy
... recent global crisis - also highlight the contribution of financial markets to macroeconomic risk. Differently put, financial development, broadly speaking, has ...
... recent global crisis - also highlight the contribution of financial markets to macroeconomic risk. Differently put, financial development, broadly speaking, has ...
International monetary systems
International monetary systems are sets of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions, that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between nation states. They provide means of payment acceptable between buyers and sellers of different nationality, including deferred payment. To operate successfully, they need to inspire confidence, to provide sufficient liquidity for fluctuating levels of trade and to provide means by which global imbalances can be corrected. The systems can grow organically as the collective result of numerous individual agreements between international economic factors spread over several decades. Alternatively, they can arise from a single architectural vision as happened at Bretton Woods in 1944.