IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF) e-ISSN: 2321-5933, p-ISSN: 2321-5925.
... Capital account liberalization is a necessary strategy for attracting foreign private capital flows. [7], [8] suggest that liberalization of capital account would lead to global economic efficiency and facilitate the allocation of world savings to those who are able to use them most productively. It ...
... Capital account liberalization is a necessary strategy for attracting foreign private capital flows. [7], [8] suggest that liberalization of capital account would lead to global economic efficiency and facilitate the allocation of world savings to those who are able to use them most productively. It ...
Chapter 18
... foreign currency may achieve major cost reductions, but is subject to the possibility of incurring high costs if the borrowed currency appreciates over time. ...
... foreign currency may achieve major cost reductions, but is subject to the possibility of incurring high costs if the borrowed currency appreciates over time. ...
Betting the House
... risks that stem from extended periods of ultra-low interest rates? How should they be weighed against the objective of restoring full employment? The long-run historical evidence uncovered in this study clearly suggests that central banks have reasons to worry about the side-effects of loose monetar ...
... risks that stem from extended periods of ultra-low interest rates? How should they be weighed against the objective of restoring full employment? The long-run historical evidence uncovered in this study clearly suggests that central banks have reasons to worry about the side-effects of loose monetar ...
china`s exchange rate policy, its current account surplus, and the
... balance objective. This has been broadly achieved. In principle competitiveness could then be targeted on the current account objective. But competitiveness depends on much more than the nominal exchange rate, especially when it is a bilateral nominal rate. Since inflation both in China and its trad ...
... balance objective. This has been broadly achieved. In principle competitiveness could then be targeted on the current account objective. But competitiveness depends on much more than the nominal exchange rate, especially when it is a bilateral nominal rate. Since inflation both in China and its trad ...
WAMZ/TC/36 - West African Monetary Institute
... for their sterling leadership and support to WAMI since the last meeting in Accra, Ghana. He commended WAMI staff for their dedication to duty and invaluable contributions towards the Institute’s work programme, and also wished the delegates fruitful deliberations. Remarks by the Out-going Chairman ...
... for their sterling leadership and support to WAMI since the last meeting in Accra, Ghana. He commended WAMI staff for their dedication to duty and invaluable contributions towards the Institute’s work programme, and also wished the delegates fruitful deliberations. Remarks by the Out-going Chairman ...
Business Review Jan-June 2010
... given period of time to overcome or avert the crisis. The occasions for such a recourse arise (a) when the country is having serious current account imbalances and is unable to meet its external payment obligations out of its own generated resources including the normal flows from external sources s ...
... given period of time to overcome or avert the crisis. The occasions for such a recourse arise (a) when the country is having serious current account imbalances and is unable to meet its external payment obligations out of its own generated resources including the normal flows from external sources s ...
Capital-Account Crisis and Credit Contraction
... excessive net private capital inflows relative to underlying current-account deficits, and further worsened by their composition dominated by short-term, foreign currencydenominated loans. After a few to several years, the unsustainable lending boom comes to an end as asset bubbles burst, excess cap ...
... excessive net private capital inflows relative to underlying current-account deficits, and further worsened by their composition dominated by short-term, foreign currencydenominated loans. After a few to several years, the unsustainable lending boom comes to an end as asset bubbles burst, excess cap ...
Sudden stops, external debt and the exchange rate
... New Zealand has accumulated substantial liabilities against the rest of the world reflecting persistent current account deficits over the past 30 years. International evidence suggests that when international creditors become unwilling to continue to fund a country’s external liabilities (a situatio ...
... New Zealand has accumulated substantial liabilities against the rest of the world reflecting persistent current account deficits over the past 30 years. International evidence suggests that when international creditors become unwilling to continue to fund a country’s external liabilities (a situatio ...
by Carlo Panico and Antonio Pinto Paper presented at the Conference on
... Lobbying was not widely discussed at the workshop, which is a pity since a lot of clues point to a considerable activity by the “industry” in order to obtain favourable legislation, and more often to foil unfavourable legislation (Banca d’Italia, 2009, p. 11). A large part of the economic literature ...
... Lobbying was not widely discussed at the workshop, which is a pity since a lot of clues point to a considerable activity by the “industry” in order to obtain favourable legislation, and more often to foil unfavourable legislation (Banca d’Italia, 2009, p. 11). A large part of the economic literature ...
Definition
... • 1994: Foreign financial institutions compete on equal basis with Argentine institutions • February 1999: Propose official dollarization ...
... • 1994: Foreign financial institutions compete on equal basis with Argentine institutions • February 1999: Propose official dollarization ...
Prices and Wages in Transitions to a Market Economy
... One objective for the former socialist countries is integration into the world economy. If forward markets for their currencies arise, they are likely to have relatively large risk premia and wide spreads between buying and selling rates, given the uncertainty about future policies and future devel ...
... One objective for the former socialist countries is integration into the world economy. If forward markets for their currencies arise, they are likely to have relatively large risk premia and wide spreads between buying and selling rates, given the uncertainty about future policies and future devel ...
IMF International Capital Markets September 1998-
... is a state as understood by international law and practice. As used here, the term also covers some territorial entities that are not states but for which statistical data are maintained on a separate and independent basis. ...
... is a state as understood by international law and practice. As used here, the term also covers some territorial entities that are not states but for which statistical data are maintained on a separate and independent basis. ...
Chapter 2 - Test Bank 1
... 20. Over time, international trade (exports plus imports) as a percentage of GDP has: A) increased for most major countries. B) decreased for most major countries. C) stayed about constant for most major countries. D) increased for about half the major countries and decreased for the others. ANSWER: ...
... 20. Over time, international trade (exports plus imports) as a percentage of GDP has: A) increased for most major countries. B) decreased for most major countries. C) stayed about constant for most major countries. D) increased for about half the major countries and decreased for the others. ANSWER: ...
The Unsustainable US Current Account Position Revisited * Maurice Obstfeld and Kenneth Rogoff
... away from exports in the rest of the world, although this effect is mitigated by the welldocumented home bias in consumers’ preferences over tradables. However, ceteris paribus, global rebalancing of demand will give a large boost to foreign nontraded goods industries relative to United States nont ...
... away from exports in the rest of the world, although this effect is mitigated by the welldocumented home bias in consumers’ preferences over tradables. However, ceteris paribus, global rebalancing of demand will give a large boost to foreign nontraded goods industries relative to United States nont ...
PDF
... Recent years have witnessed a number of developments with the potential to transform national and international monetary arrangements. The Maastricht Treaty is an important step toward the adoption of a single European currency by at least some EC member states. Political disintegration in the forme ...
... Recent years have witnessed a number of developments with the potential to transform national and international monetary arrangements. The Maastricht Treaty is an important step toward the adoption of a single European currency by at least some EC member states. Political disintegration in the forme ...
instructional objectives
... (restrictive monetary policy) is likely to move the attached object to its desired destination, pushing on a string is not. 4. The impact on investment may be less than traditionally thought. Japan provides a case example. Despite interest rates of zero, investment spending remained low during the r ...
... (restrictive monetary policy) is likely to move the attached object to its desired destination, pushing on a string is not. 4. The impact on investment may be less than traditionally thought. Japan provides a case example. Despite interest rates of zero, investment spending remained low during the r ...
Financial Factors in the Great Depression
... Recently, some convincing evidence has emerged of exogenous disturbances in the market for money balances during the Depression. Ironically, the clearest evidence produced on the importance of exogenous changes in the money supply pertains to the pre-October 1929 period (which had always been viewed ...
... Recently, some convincing evidence has emerged of exogenous disturbances in the market for money balances during the Depression. Ironically, the clearest evidence produced on the importance of exogenous changes in the money supply pertains to the pre-October 1929 period (which had always been viewed ...
Balance of payments adjustments
... supply and causing prices to fall Lower prices would make their exports more competitive and lessen demand for imports, restoring equilibrium ...
... supply and causing prices to fall Lower prices would make their exports more competitive and lessen demand for imports, restoring equilibrium ...
BoZ Monetary Policy Statement July to December
... objectives for 2016 that will guide monetary policy implementation, and reviews the performance of monetary policy during the first half of 2016. Global economic growth for 2016 is estimated at 3.1% and is expected to pick up to 3.4% in 2017, largely driven by emerging market and developing economie ...
... objectives for 2016 that will guide monetary policy implementation, and reviews the performance of monetary policy during the first half of 2016. Global economic growth for 2016 is estimated at 3.1% and is expected to pick up to 3.4% in 2017, largely driven by emerging market and developing economie ...
rtf 1.0MB - Australian Education International
... Australian dollar against both major competitor and source country currencies4. As these snapshots note, exchange rate movements can have a significant impact on student decisions about their study destinations, impacting on Australia’s price competitiveness. The data (presented in the chart below) ...
... Australian dollar against both major competitor and source country currencies4. As these snapshots note, exchange rate movements can have a significant impact on student decisions about their study destinations, impacting on Australia’s price competitiveness. The data (presented in the chart below) ...
How do central banks manage exchange rates
... practical problems. On the other hand, if the exchange rate is fixed above the market clearing exchange rate, the currency will be under-valued, encouraging exports and discouraging imports which will lead to excess supply of foreign currency or balance of payments surplus. Therefore, the central ba ...
... practical problems. On the other hand, if the exchange rate is fixed above the market clearing exchange rate, the currency will be under-valued, encouraging exports and discouraging imports which will lead to excess supply of foreign currency or balance of payments surplus. Therefore, the central ba ...
What shadows will sovereign debt cast across the decade?
... by 50 to 100 basis points. For a panel of 31 advanced and emerging market economics Baldacci and Kumar (2010) find that increases in public debt lead to a significant increase in long-term interest rates, with the precise magnitude dependent on initial fiscal, institutional and other structural cond ...
... by 50 to 100 basis points. For a panel of 31 advanced and emerging market economics Baldacci and Kumar (2010) find that increases in public debt lead to a significant increase in long-term interest rates, with the precise magnitude dependent on initial fiscal, institutional and other structural cond ...
The Faroese External Debt Statistics 2003 and
... The Great Economic crisis that took place on the Faroe Islands in the first half of 1990’s has shown the importance of having reliable, comprehensive and comparable data information on external debt. Its importance is even more reinforced nowadays due to the nature of the international financial mar ...
... The Great Economic crisis that took place on the Faroe Islands in the first half of 1990’s has shown the importance of having reliable, comprehensive and comparable data information on external debt. Its importance is even more reinforced nowadays due to the nature of the international financial mar ...
International monetary systems
International monetary systems are sets of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions, that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between nation states. They provide means of payment acceptable between buyers and sellers of different nationality, including deferred payment. To operate successfully, they need to inspire confidence, to provide sufficient liquidity for fluctuating levels of trade and to provide means by which global imbalances can be corrected. The systems can grow organically as the collective result of numerous individual agreements between international economic factors spread over several decades. Alternatively, they can arise from a single architectural vision as happened at Bretton Woods in 1944.