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Meet the Fly
Meet the Fly

... the sex chromosomes. All the other chromosomes which are identical in both sexes are known as autosomes. In humans and Drosophila, females have two identical sex chromosomes called the X chromosomes. Therefore, females have an XX genotype. Males have only one copy of the X chromosome. Instead of a s ...
Glossary in Evolutionary Biology
Glossary in Evolutionary Biology

... Allele: One of the different homologous forms of a single gene; at the molecular level, a different DNA sequence at the same place in the chromosome. Allele frequency: Proportion the copies of a given allele among all alleles at the locus of interest. Allometry: Relationship between the size of two ...
Pedigree Analysis PowerPoint
Pedigree Analysis PowerPoint

...  Multiple genes - epistasis, polygenic traits  Genes & the environment - sex-influenced traits, environment-dependent gene expression, incomplete ...
Sexual Selection IQ
Sexual Selection IQ

... correlated to genetic variation but environmental noise due to population stratification (SES, ethnicity, etc.) can easily attenuate the genetic signal. Supporting the brawn vs brain evolutionary scenario, male height was found to be negatively related to sex differences in intelligence, which is a ...
Non-Mendelian Genetics
Non-Mendelian Genetics

... Epistasis Ex: Albinism. If an organisms carries the albino gene (a) no matter what genes that organism has for color, the organism will be albino. So a mouse with a B=black coat genotype of BBaa will have NO a= albino color! ...
4. Pedigree Analysis
4. Pedigree Analysis

... Example: autosomal deafness due to two distinct genes. Fig. 4.3 Pedigree shows that offspring of two parents affected by two different types of deafness are unaffected. Locus heterogeneity: Where the same clinical phenotype can result from mutations from any of several different genes. ...
4. Pedigree Analysis
4. Pedigree Analysis

... Example: autosomal deafness due to two distinct genes. Fig. 4.3 Pedigree shows that offspring of two parents affected by two different types of deafness are unaffected. Locus heterogeneity: Where the same clinical phenotype can result from mutations from any of several different genes. ...
1 Evolution of Sex-Biased Genes 1. Background Sexual dimorphism
1 Evolution of Sex-Biased Genes 1. Background Sexual dimorphism

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Muddy Waters - Die Bruderhand
Muddy Waters - Die Bruderhand

... This can be seen in breeding, which is just another version of (in this case, artificial) selection–the principle is exactly the same as natural selection. Take horses. People have been able to breed all sorts of varieties from wild horses–big working horses, miniature toy ponies, and so on. But lim ...
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sooty-dihybrids-and-linkage

... A linkage group is defined as genes that are located on the same chromosome type and do not assort independently during metaphase I. 13. Differentiate between autosomal linkage and sex-linked traits. - autosomal linkage refers to genes which are carried on the same chromosome. - sex-linked traits ar ...
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dragon genetics lab

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Natural Selection Evolution Evolution refers a change in the gene

... dark form on the dark trees; the moths were camouflaged and survived better. In clean areas, the trees were covered with lichens, making the pale form more difficult for birds to see. In the early 1800s, the trees were light and the light form were more difficult to see. To test the bird predation h ...
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Darwin and his Origin of Species

... 1. 1836 – 1858 developed theories on evolution 2. Reluctant to publish 3. In 1858, Alfred Russell Wallace  Similar theory 4. Darwin quickly finished book  Descent w/ Modification  Adaptation by Natural Selection ...
Evolution Study Guide Name________________ Due 5/22
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... Speciation is the formation of new species over time as a result of evolution. Isolation of a population affects gene frequencies. Isolation may be caused by geographic factors (like a mountain forming dividing a population into two). As conditions change in the two areas, the two populations will e ...
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...  Multiple genes - epistasis, polygenic traits  Genes & the environment - sex-influenced traits, environment-dependent gene expression, incomplete ...
Document
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...  Multiple genes - epistasis, polygenic traits  Genes & the environment - sex-influenced traits, environment-dependent gene expression, incomplete ...
File
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... chromosome is smaller and has many less genes than the X chromosome.  Y-linked inheritance shows a pattern of transmission of the mutant phenotype from father to son, and it is never observed in females.  An example of a Y linked phenotypic trait is hairy ears. ...
DRAGON GENETICS LAB
DRAGON GENETICS LAB

... 1. Choose a partner carefully. You and your spouse will share the grade for this lab. Your instructor does not care which partner worked the hardest. This is a no divorce classroom. The lab must be completed on time. 2. Each partner must pick up five Popsicle sticks -- one of each color of autosome, ...
Fundamentals of Genetics
Fundamentals of Genetics

... • should add up to 16 • What do you do to get F2 generation? • Cross two F1 individuals ...
The Accumulation of Sexually Antagonistic Genes as a Selective
The Accumulation of Sexually Antagonistic Genes as a Selective

... produced sex-specific sterility (or lethality-semilethality). This survey supports the idea that genes with major fitness difference between the sexes may be more common than is generally presumed. It also demonstrates that selection for different phenotypes in the two sexes is not required to promo ...
Powerpoint template for scientific posters (Swarthmore
Powerpoint template for scientific posters (Swarthmore

...  Have the duplicate copies diverged in their function? When did they diverge? Before or after polyploidy?  How are these genes expressed in different tissues and under different environmental conditions?  How have any of these changes affected metabolite levels and total fitness of the plant? ...
Press release - MetaGenoPoliS
Press release - MetaGenoPoliS

... genes detected in a sample with those listed in catalogues of genes from bacteria that were known and could be cultivated in a laboratory (or 15% of gut bacteria), so that it was impossible to assign genes to non-cultivable bacteria. The authors also demonstrated more than 800 dependent relationship ...
Chapter 4 - De Anza College
Chapter 4 - De Anza College

... Variation within a Population: Population Genetics and Natural Selection ...
biol b242 sex and sexual selection
biol b242 sex and sexual selection

... under greater sexual selection. Females rarely benefit much from more mates; males benefit from virtually unlimited matings. In elephant seals, > 90% males father no offspring; The fittest male fathered 93. But> 50% females have one or more offspring. Males have higher variance in offspring number. ...
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Sex-limited genes

Sex-limited genes are genes that are present in both sexes of sexually reproducing species but are expressed in only one sex and remain 'turned off' in the other. In other words, sex-limited genes cause the two sexes to show different traits or phenotypes, despite having the same genotype. This term is restricted to autosomal traits, and should not be confused with sex-linked characteristics, which have to do with genetic differences on the sex chromosomes (see sex-determination system). Sex-limited genes are also distinguished from sex-influenced genes, where the same gene will show differential expression in each sex. Sex-influenced genes commonly show a dominant/recessive relationship, where the same gene will have a dominant effect in one sex and a recessive effect in the other (for example, male pattern baldness).Sex-limited genes are responsible for sexual dimorphism, which is a phenotypic (directly observable) difference between males and females of the same species. These differences can be reflected in size, color, behavior (ex: levels of aggression), and morphology. An example of sex-limited genes are genes which instruct the male elephant seals to grow big and fight, at the same time instructing female seals to grow small and avoid fights. These genes are also responsible for some female beetles' inability to grow exaggerated mandibles, research that is discussed in detail later in this article.The overall point of sex-limited genes is to resolve intralocus sexual conflict. In other words, these genes try to resolve the ""push-pull"" between males and females over trait values for optimal phenotype. Without these genes, organisms would be forced to settle on an average trait value, incurring costs on both sexes. With these genes, it is possible to 'turn off' the genes in one sex, allowing both sexes to attain (or at least, approach very closely) their optimal phenotypes.
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