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Caledonia Planting Plan
Caledonia Planting Plan

... This succulent has been likened to clam shells, because of the shape of the basal rosette of the thick 4-6 inch long by 2-5 inch wide rounded leaves. The leaves are covered with a gray bloom and the leaf margin takes on a reddish hue during cooler winter months if grown in bright light otherwise the ...
Sweet pittosporum - Cardinia Shire Council
Sweet pittosporum - Cardinia Shire Council

... is spread into gardens and bushland by small animals, such as birds which eat the berries. Rabbits, foxes and black rats eat the seeds and transport them on their fur. The seeds also stick to people’s shoes and can be present in dumped garden waste and soil. ...
Lesson Plan
Lesson Plan

...  hildren can choose which one they will investigate. Make predictions and plant cress seeds. Follow-up lesson Check results of cress investigation and compare with predictions. Discuss the following: Were your predictions correct? Were there any surprises? What are the best conditions for growing s ...
Mint Julep Juniper
Mint Julep Juniper

... branches. It lends an extremely fine and delicate texture to the landscape composition which can make it a great accent feature on this basis alone. This is a relatively low maintenance shrub, and is best pruned in late winter once the threat of extreme cold has passed. Deer don't particularly care ...
SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY, NOT VISITATION BIAS, DOMINATES VARIATION IN HERBIVORY K L. B
SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY, NOT VISITATION BIAS, DOMINATES VARIATION IN HERBIVORY K L. B

... (Duncan et al. 2002, Wenny 2002). For example, in Wenny’s (2002) examination of seed removal by rodents, seeds with human scent were removed more frequently than seeds without human scent. Third, visiting plants could increase or decrease the release of volatile chemicals that attract or repel herbi ...
How Does a Garden Grow
How Does a Garden Grow

... Students will then observe the 4 samples using hand lenses, rate the 4 samples according to the best growing to the worst growing. 3. Explain the elements need to make fertile soil. Humus – is made up of rotting plants, leaves, wood and animal. - sticks crumbs of soil together almost like glue - hol ...
the reproductive ecology of broadleaved trees and shrubs
the reproductive ecology of broadleaved trees and shrubs

... Stratification: The damp chilling period that some seeds need in order to germinate. Strobile: Has two meanings: 1) the reproductive structure of a gymnosperm (commonly called a cone), and 2) a type of dry, composite fruit in an angiosperm in which the individual fruits are achenes (the fruits of al ...
basic horticulture – notes
basic horticulture – notes

... o INDETERMINATE – florets open from BOTTOM UP or OUTSIDE IN  Length of stalk is INDETERMINATE because stalk continues to GROW as florets open o DETERMINATE – florets open from the TOP DOWN  LENGTH of stalk is DETERMINED by the first ...
Hormonal Regulation of Moss Protonema Development and the
Hormonal Regulation of Moss Protonema Development and the

... Hormonal Regulation of Moss Protonema Development and the Possible Origin of Plant Hormonal Responses in Bryophytes M M Johri* and Jacinta S D'Souza Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, India The protonema of mosses is a far sim ...
Medicinal plants of South Africa
Medicinal plants of South Africa

... Fertilisation: High levels of organic matter are required. Light application of organic fertiliser (e.g. N, P and K) should be made. Pests: The major insects and pest identified in african ginger include nematodes, aphids, caterpillars, leaf-miner, leaf spots and mites. Diseases: The most frequent d ...
vireya vine - Vireya Rhododendrons
vireya vine - Vireya Rhododendrons

... In October. daily temperatures were 18-20 degrees Celsius and we shifted lowii around the garden according to the conditions of light, sun and shade. It had the morning sun on the terrace and shade anong other rhododendrons during the heat of the day. The bud was now expanding very rapidly and had r ...


... passed on orally from one to another generation in all types of socio-religious groups and tribes. Based on such knowl edge in India and other countries more and more herbal sources are becoming established therapeutic drugs, so much so that modern pharmacopoeia has 25% drugs derived from plants 1• ...
A Guide to North Dakota Noxious and
A Guide to North Dakota Noxious and

... required to be controlled within their listed counties. For ease of identification, state- and county-listed noxious weeds have been designated with icons throughout the guide. Chemical control recommendations are updated annually in the “North Dakota Weed Control Guide,” Extension publication W253, ...
Effect of silver nitrate on in vitro root formation of Gentiana lutea
Effect of silver nitrate on in vitro root formation of Gentiana lutea

... induced by the addition of auxins to the nutrient medium: indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or αnaphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (MOMČILOVIĆ & al. [10]; ZELEZNIK & al. [11]). In vitro microbial contamination is an often encountered problem in plant tissue cultures. Usually, the bacterial contamination is det ...
Metabolic Engineering to Modify Flower Color
Metabolic Engineering to Modify Flower Color

... often used for monocots resistant to Agrobacterium (Deroles et al. 1997). For selection, the neomycin phosophotransferase gene that confers kanamycin resistance has been most widely and successfully used as a selection marker. Herbicide-resistant genes encoding enzymes which are insensitive to the h ...
TRAMPLING EFFECTS ON PLANT SPECIES MORPHOLOGY
TRAMPLING EFFECTS ON PLANT SPECIES MORPHOLOGY

... stricta, Hypericum maculatum, Helleborus purpurascens, Lotus coniculatus as is shown in Fig. 4. In early phenological stages of budding and growth, plants are more susceptible to mechanical stress as we found in literature (Hartley, 1976; Parish, 1971; Donard & Cooke, 1970, after Kuss, 2005). Change ...
Phenological Knowledge of Rural Folks, Biodiversity, and
Phenological Knowledge of Rural Folks, Biodiversity, and

... unpredictable changes, which is presumed brought by Climate Change.  For us, this local knowledge system of the farmers is facing extinction, same as the plants and animals that are pressured by the effects of Climate Change. Therefore, it is sad to say that these local knowledge of our forebears w ...
Plant Unit
Plant Unit

... plants start their lives as (seeds). Explain to students that seeds grow into plants when their basic needs are met. (3 mins.) Activity: Divide students into small groups (three or four students per group). Give each group a bag with a variety of different seeds. Have the groups sort and discuss the ...
Midnight Ruby Barberry
Midnight Ruby Barberry

... under ideal conditions can be expected to live for approximately 20 years. This shrub does best in full sun to partial shade. It is very adaptable to both dry and moist growing conditions, but will not tolerate any standing water. It is considered to be drought-tolerant, and thus makes an ideal choi ...
Chapter 1-Introduction
Chapter 1-Introduction

... seeds with the seed picture card. Ask them to describe the shapes, colors and sizes of seeds and show them the seed picture card. Explain to them that they are going to be vegetables like on the pictures. Demonstrate how to scoop soil from the bucket into a cup. Discuss that soil is the food for the ...
Training2c_printout
Training2c_printout

... lobed. Spreading to erect. Ht: 1’-2’. •Other facts: Introduced from Europe. Name comes from rounded fruit that looks like a wheel of cheese. Long tap-root makes it difficult to remove when older. •May be confused with: Several non-native mallows are difficult to distinguish, remove all of them. ...
Folklore claims of some ethnomedicinal plants used by Bhil Tribes of
Folklore claims of some ethnomedicinal plants used by Bhil Tribes of

... also given. Information was obtained through field people move around the forest for their day today interviews with traditional healers. The medicinal requirements, cultural activities and performing uses and mode of administration were gathered rituals. These tribal live close to the forest and fr ...
Topic 3: Plant Diversity I (Ch. 29)
Topic 3: Plant Diversity I (Ch. 29)

... D. apparently evolved separately from the other seedless vascular plants E. small, resembling mosses (but vascular with dominant sporophyte) F. leafy stems usually less than 30 cm long G. their leaves are also called microphylls, with very little vascular tissue (just a single vein); other vascular ...
Diagnosing Plant Problems
Diagnosing Plant Problems

... Temperature extremes: too hot, too cold Lightning Storm situations with hail, wind or tornado Wind injury Frost damage Moisture extremes: too much, too little ...
Bahamian Bush Medicine Garden
Bahamian Bush Medicine Garden

... by slitting and scraping the gel, applied directly to skin, burns or sunburn, alleviates pain. If a leaf is cut lengthwise, spread flat in a frying pan and warmed it is said to cure sores if placed directly on the affected part. The gel is said to remove wrinkles. There are numerous healing claims. ...
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Plant breeding



Plant breeding is the art and science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable characteristics for propagation, to more complex molecular techniques (see cultigen and cultivar).Plant breeding has been practiced for thousands of years, since near the beginning of human civilization. It is practiced worldwide by individuals such as gardeners and farmers, or by professional plant breeders employed by organizations such as government institutions, universities, crop-specific industry associations or research centers.International development agencies believe that breeding new crops is important for ensuring food security by developing new varieties that are higher-yielding, resistant to pests and diseases, drought-resistant or regionally adapted to different environments and growing conditions.
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