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begonia - Super Floral Retailing
begonia - Super Floral Retailing

... Winter-flowering, or Rieger, Begonias (B. x hiemalis/elatior) produce either singleflowered or double-flowered blooms that have rounded petal edges, grow up to 2 inches in diameter and occur in loose clusters at stem ends. Compact varieties reach 6 to 8 inches in height although other types can grow ...
chemical control of buckthorn
chemical control of buckthorn

... cherry, black cherry, hawthorn, nannyberry, gray dogwood, and others. “Brushing” is not an acceptable control method for buckthorn, because areas with disturbance are susceptible to further invasive species invasion and erosion. Ask for help with native remnant plant identification. Even the smalles ...
flower formation in brussels sprouts - Wageningen UR E
flower formation in brussels sprouts - Wageningen UR E

... pointsand a morphological description werealsomade simultaneously. From thedata obtained, it isshown that on reaching the stage of development when they are sensitive to low temperature as a flower inducing factor, Brussels sprouts plants undergo physiological and morphological changes whereby the j ...
Buy brahmi, gotu kola, mandukaprani, sarswati plant
Buy brahmi, gotu kola, mandukaprani, sarswati plant

... Each flower bears five stamens and two styles. The fruit are densely reticulate, distinguishing it from species of Hydrocotyle which have smooth, ribbed or warty fruit. The crop matures in three months, and the whole plant, including the roots, is harvested manually. Culinary use: NA Ornamental use: ...
concepts-of-biology
concepts-of-biology

... exhibit alternation of generations, which is described as haplodiplontic: the haploid multicellular form known as a gametophyte is followed in the development sequence by a multicellular diploid organism, the sporophyte. The gametophyte gives rise to the gametes, or reproductive cells, by mitosis. I ...
Botanical Record-Breakers (Part 2 of 2) - Wayne`s Word
Botanical Record-Breakers (Part 2 of 2) - Wayne`s Word

... abundantly in sedimentary rocks of the Jurassic Period of the Mesozoic Era (140-200 million years ago) when dinosaurs roamed the earth. According to K. Bauer, et al. (2013), Ginkgo seedling fossils resembling present-day Ginkgo biloba also extend into the mid-Triassic Period more than 200 million ye ...
Starting Plants from Seeds
Starting Plants from Seeds

... Erv Evans, Extension Associate, Horticultural Science Frank A. Blazich, Professor, Horticultural Science ...
Dia 1 - Spate Irrigation
Dia 1 - Spate Irrigation

... Sorghum is grown in warm or hot regions that have summer rain-fall, even if rainfall is as low as 400-600 mm. The most favorable mean temperature is about 37oC. The minimum temperature for growth is 15oC. The sorghum plants seems to withstand extreme heat better than other crops. Sorghum is practica ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... – The stems are cut and placed in moist media – All flower buds and one third of the lower leaves are removed to prevent moisture loss – A rooting hormone is applied to the cutting before planting to stimulate root production ...
S L (S )
S L (S )

... its nutrients from captured prey (Chapin and Pastor, 1995; Ellison and Gotelli, 1991). In New England populations, much of the balance of the plant’s nitrogen budget is attributable to NH4þ or NO3 excreted by rotifers and deposited by rainfall (Bledzki and Ellison, 1998; Ellison and Gotelli, 2002). ...
Lecture 2 Plant growth
Lecture 2 Plant growth

... Absorb sunlight to manufacture plant sugars through a process called photosynthesis. The cuticle is part of the epidermis. It produces a waxy layer called cutin, which protects the leaf from dehydration and disease. Special epidermal cells called guard cells regulate the passage of water, oxygen ...
Plant Communities
Plant Communities

... activities are marked as essential. ...
Science Form 3 GLA + not Science Form 3 GLA + note e Form 3
Science Form 3 GLA + not Science Form 3 GLA + note e Form 3

... a. Mature spore are black in colour and produced and stored in the sporangium. b. Spores will released when the sporangium bursts. The tiny and lightweight spores are blown by wind to other places. c. When a spore is transported to a place with favourable growing conditions, it will germinate to for ...
What is Happening?
What is Happening?

... Here are many different kinds of plants. Each decides when it is spring. Each one tells us that it is spring in its own way and its own time. ...
Leafy Lessons: Star-struck by Seeds and Fruits
Leafy Lessons: Star-struck by Seeds and Fruits

... Using a giant seed model we discuss: What is a seed? Which part of the plant is it formed from? What is inside it? What is its role in the lifecycle of a plant? Seed Bingo ( 30 minutes) Children work in small groups to identify a variety of fruit and seed types and investigate how they are dispersed ...
TEXT Bryophyta is a group of the simplest and primitive plants of
TEXT Bryophyta is a group of the simplest and primitive plants of

... open on ventral surface by slit-like pores. 4. Sex organs are embedded in thallus. Antheridia develop on dorsal surface from hypodermal cells. ...
14 | DIVERSITY OF PLANTS
14 | DIVERSITY OF PLANTS

... microorganisms. Nevertheless, as technology is refined, the analysis of DNA from fossilized plants will provide invaluable information on the evolution of plants and their adaptation to an ever-changing environment. ...
Sunflower Challenge - Earth`s Birthday Project
Sunflower Challenge - Earth`s Birthday Project

... Your child’s class has been participating in the Earth Birthday Project’s Sunflower C hallenge ! The challenge gives students a hands-on learning experience with the wonder of growing plants. Everything starts with the class reading of Every Seed C ounts, a book about a sunflower’s lifecycle from se ...
RHS Past Paper R2101 (including examiners comments)
RHS Past Paper R2101 (including examiners comments)

... manner that genus, species and where appropriate, variety/cultivar can. This is particularly important when answering questions relating to particular (named) plant(s). Marks can only be awarded for these narratives where the example(s) are correctly and fully identified. ...
970 KB - California Academy of Sciences
970 KB - California Academy of Sciences

... vation. Each of the species is named for the state of Brazil to which it is endemic: P. bahiensis V.C. Souza and Harley, P. goiasensis P. Taylor, and P. minensis V.C. Souza and Giulietti. The last of these was until now only documented from the type, collected in the Serra do Cabral in 1981 with the ...
Grow Me Instead - Alberta Invasive Species Council
Grow Me Instead - Alberta Invasive Species Council

... Some plants from other parts of the globe, originally introduced as garden flowers, for landscapes, or for their medicinal or food value, have jumped the garden fence to become invasive in the natural environment. Invasive plants are spread, intentionally and unintentionally, by people and their act ...
Grow Me Instead - City of Edmonton
Grow Me Instead - City of Edmonton

... Some plants from other parts of the globe, originally introduced as garden flowers, for landscapes, or for their medicinal or food value, have jumped the garden fence to become invasive in the natural environment. Invasive plants are spread, intentionally and unintentionally, by people and their act ...
Kid-Friendly Flower Guide
Kid-Friendly Flower Guide

... There are many different species of flowering plant at the CCWP. They are much easier to see and identify when they’re blooming, so this guide focuses on what their flowers look like and when they bloom. Every flower has at least two names: a common name, and a scientific name. Sometimes flowers hav ...
RE3570 PEN Epimedium-PDF
RE3570 PEN Epimedium-PDF

... in places where other shade plants fail. Spring is the peak season to enjoy them; however, they can provide an attractive backdrop throughout the year. Due to leaf emergence and flowering in April and May, barrenworts are most attractive when not many other perennials are blooming in the Midwest. Th ...
HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE
HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE

... from cuttings or by grafting start to bear fruits much earlier. 3. The plants grown by vegetative propagation usually need less attention in their early years than the plants grown from seeds. 4. Disease free plants can be produced. 5. It is the only method of reproduction for those plants which do ...
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Botany



Botany, also called plant science(s) or plant biology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specializes in this field of study. The term ""botany"" comes from the Ancient Greek word βοτάνη (botanē) meaning ""pasture"", ""grass"", or ""fodder""; βοτάνη is in turn derived from βόσκειν (boskein), ""to feed"" or ""to graze"". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists study approximately 400,000 species of living organisms of which some 260,000 species are vascular plants and about 248,000 are flowering plants.Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science. Medieval physic gardens, often attached to monasteries, contained plants of medical importance. They were forerunners of the first botanical gardens attached to universities, founded from the 1540s onwards. One of the earliest was the Padua botanical garden. These gardens facilitated the academic study of plants. Efforts to catalogue and describe their collections were the beginnings of plant taxonomy, and led in 1753 to the binomial system of Carl Linnaeus that remains in use to this day.In the 19th and 20th centuries, new techniques were developed for the study of plants, including methods of optical microscopy and live cell imaging, electron microscopy, analysis of chromosome number, plant chemistry and the structure and function of enzymes and other proteins. In the last two decades of the 20th century, botanists exploited the techniques of molecular genetic analysis, including genomics and proteomics and DNA sequences to classify plants more accurately.Modern botany is a broad, multidisciplinary subject with inputs from most other areas of science and technology. Research topics include the study of plant structure, growth and differentiation, reproduction, biochemistry and primary metabolism, chemical products, development, diseases, evolutionary relationships, systematics, and plant taxonomy. Dominant themes in 21st century plant science are molecular genetics and epigenetics, which are the mechanisms and control of gene expression during differentiation of plant cells and tissues. Botanical research has diverse applications in providing staple foods and textiles, in modern horticulture, agriculture and forestry, plant propagation, breeding and genetic modification, in the synthesis of chemicals and raw materials for construction and energy production, in environmental management, and the maintenance of biodiversity.
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