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class_outlines_-_vegetable_families
class_outlines_-_vegetable_families

... o Farmers are very familiar with alliums and can generally list all of them.  Introduce the idea that smell can be used to help identify alliums Cucurbits Solanaceae o Talk about tomatillos as being more like a cousin than a sibling Legumes o Nitrogen fixers, very good for your soil o There are man ...
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... heat from the top pilot lights as a source of bottom heat for my seedlings. By doing this I have seedlings emerge in 2-3 days. If you don't have a bottom-heat source, you can still start carnations from seed indoors; germination will just take a little longer. ...
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... gametophytes. The tip of the carpel is a sticky stigma that receives pollen. A style leads to the ovary at the base of the carpel, which contains one or more ovules. A single carpel or a group of fused carpels is sometimes called a pistil. ***The whorls of flower organs are attached to a part of the ...
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UNIT 4: PLANTAE: Chapters 9, 10, 11
UNIT 4: PLANTAE: Chapters 9, 10, 11

... Other Gymnosperms: Cycads and ginkgoes are among the oldest, rarest, & most unique. Cycads resemble palms, and are believed to have been the main nourishment for herbiverous dinosaurs. Ginkgo is called a "living fossil", because it is the only species of its division that has survived to present day ...
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... i.e. they retain their leaves throughout the year. This is thought to be an adaptation to a short growing season at higher latitudes: In winter, they can photosynthesize during the few sunny days. In the spring, they don’t need to grow new leaves, and therefore have functioning leaves as soon as the ...
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... • Vertical stems to absorb sunlight early and late in the day but not at midday when the light is most intense • Very wide spreading network of shallow roots to absorb water after rains • CAM physiology, which involves opening stomata during the cool nights instead of ...
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FLOWERS, ETC

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... of division, elongation and differentiation of plant cells Five well-characterized groups of PGRs • auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ...
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An Introduction to the Mesozoic Palaeobotany
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... common fossils in rocks of Carboniferous age. They are generally characterized as having been slender trees or, in some cases, woody, climbing vines. They were generally large, up to 5 metres tall and their large fronds were so fernlike that these plants were long regarded as ferns but now they are ...
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... Pollen must fertilize an ovule to produce a viable seed. This process is called pollination, and is often aided by animals like bees, which fly from flower to flower collecting sweet nectar. As they visit flowers, they spread pollen around, depositing it on some stigmas. After a male's pollen grains ...
Plant Systems Transport
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... Vegetative propagation is a method of asexual reproduction in plants where one plant gives rise to new plants. This can be done by sending out a horizontal stem, either above or below ground. These are called runners and thizomes. In sexual reproduction, some plants depend on flowers, which come in ...
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... • First dimorphic spores evolved: ‹ Microspores (grow into sperm producing haploid stage) ‹ Megaspores (grow into egg producing haploid stage) • Megaspores reduced to just one. ...
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... – They carry water, minerals, and food between the roots and leaves. – They support the plant, holding the leaves up so they can get sunlight. ...
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... ancestors • Advancements of gymnosperms over ferns: • 1. Seed (plant embryo, food storage tissue, and seed coat) • 2. Gymnosperms do not depend on water for fertilization (have air-borne pollen) • 3. Have a more dominant sporophyte generation • 4. Have a more efficient vascular system ...
Propagating Plants Sexually - Oconto Falls Agricultural Education
Propagating Plants Sexually - Oconto Falls Agricultural Education

... B. Following fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed, which consists of a seed coat, an embryo plant, and stored food. 1. The seed coat is a protective shell surrounding the embryo and endosperm. It protects the seed from drying and from physical injury. The seed coat helps in determining when ...
Gymnosperms - OpenStax CNX
Gymnosperms - OpenStax CNX

... in a seed coat of tissue from the parent plant. Fertilization and seed development is a long process in pine trees: it may take up to two years after pollination. The seed that is formed contains three generations of tissues: the seed coat that originates from the sporophyte tissue, the gametophyte ...
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Flowering plant



The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. Etymologically, angiosperm means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure, in other words, a fruiting plant.The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from gymnosperms around 245–202 million years ago, and the first flowering plants known to exist are from 160 million years ago. They diversified enormously during the Lower Cretaceous and became widespread around 120 million years ago, but replaced conifers as the dominant trees only around 60–100 million years ago.
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