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CHAPTER 37
CHAPTER 37

... o For example, chlorosis can also be caused by iron deficiency, even though chlorophyll contains no iron. Iron is a required cofactor in chlorophyll synthesis. ...
Chapter 17 Seedless Vascular Plants
Chapter 17 Seedless Vascular Plants

... Approximately 93% of plant species are vascular plants. Vascular plants contain vascular tissue. There are two kinds of vascular tissue: Xylem conducts water and minerals up from the soil. The cell walls of xylem cells help support the plant. • Phloem conducts organic nutrients from one part of the ...
sexual-reproduction-in-plants-2
sexual-reproduction-in-plants-2

... b) The male reproductive structure is the stamen, which produces the male gametes which are present in the pollen grains of the plant. c) The female reproductive structure is the carpel which produces the female gametes in ovules in the plant. d) The male gamete present in the pollen grain fertilize ...
Gymnosperms General Characteristics
Gymnosperms General Characteristics

... plant kingdom, the gymnosperms form today a rather heterogeneous group of seed-bearing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo and Gnetales.  The term "gymnosperm" comes from word gymnospermos, meaning "naked seeds", after the unenclosed condition of their seeds (called ovules in their unfert ...
Class Notes
Class Notes

... o For example, chlorosis can also be caused by iron deficiency, even though chlorophyll contains no iron. Iron is a required cofactor in chlorophyll synthesis. ...
Anatomical features of Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle (Liliaceae)
Anatomical features of Lilium polyphyllum D. Don ex Royle (Liliaceae)

... source of food for embryo till it develops into seedling. Earlier Baskin and Baskin (1998) also reported linear seeds for Lilium species. Bulb is a specialized structure, morphologically underground stem with fleshy scale – leaves and root attached with basal plate with one or more growing points. S ...
RE3570 PEN Epimedium-PDF
RE3570 PEN Epimedium-PDF

... and extreme drought as well as compete successfully with tree roots, barrenworts grow in places where other shade plants fail. Spring is the peak season to enjoy them; however, they can provide an attractive backdrop throughout the year. Due to leaf emergence and flowering in April and May, barrenwo ...
Lecture 2: Applications of Tissue Culture to Plant
Lecture 2: Applications of Tissue Culture to Plant

... • Both of these technologies can be used as methods of micropropagation. • It is not always desirable because they may not always result in populations of identical plants. • The most beneficial use of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis is in the production of whole plants from a single cell (o ...
SC.3.L.14.1 - Life Cycle Of A Flower
SC.3.L.14.1 - Life Cycle Of A Flower

... move down to the ovary, fertilizing the egg cells. • Fertilization combines DNA. • The result is a seed with a tiny plant inside. • The ovary grows into a fruit to protect the seeds. ...
Chlorophyll and morphological mutants of Pearl millet
Chlorophyll and morphological mutants of Pearl millet

... Coimbatore was used for the present study. The seeds irradiated with different doses (10, 20 and 30kR) of gamma rays from 60CO from The Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore. For EMS treatment, healthy seeds were treated with different concentrations of ( 20, 30 and 40mM). The treated seeds were ...
Plant Fact Sheet  Achillea millefolium occidentalis
Plant Fact Sheet Achillea millefolium occidentalis

... germinates when spring planted at a very shallow depth. It tends to be less competitive in early development and becomes more so with age. Western yarrow produces very few flowers the establishment year, but will easily set seed in subsequent years. It is moderately rhizomatous, developing as a scat ...
Rhododendron auriculatum - University of St Andrews
Rhododendron auriculatum - University of St Andrews

... August brings on the hot summer colours of the herbaceous plants, much beloved of butterflies. These borders are at their best this month. But there is also an increasing number of white-flowering woody plants coming into flower now. As I write the 15' tall Hoheria glabrata from New Zealand is laden ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... – to suggest that reptiles evolved from labyrinthodont ancestors by the Late Mississippian • based on the discovery of a well-preserved skeleton • of the oldest known reptile, Westlothiana, from Late Mississippian-age rocks in Scotland ...
B3 - miss-lovell
B3 - miss-lovell

... 1. Innate refers to a behaviour being inherited by an organism whereas a learnt behaviour is acquired by the organism within its life. 2. Tropism is an orientation response where the organism grows towards or away from a stimulus. Valid example used to illustrate response. 3. The organism moves towa ...
PROTISTA AND FUNGI
PROTISTA AND FUNGI

... The kingdom Plantae includes about twelve divisions. They are placed in the clade Archaeplastida along with the green algae and charophytes. They are all eukaryotic and multicellular with distinct cell walls. Photosynthetic pigments occur in organelles called plastids. Plants have adapted to the ter ...
Clinical and therapeutic potential of Aconitum heterophyllum
Clinical and therapeutic potential of Aconitum heterophyllum

... 4. Medicinal uses Plants are rich sources to search new active compounds that become a trial to modern pharmaceutical industry and many synthetic modern medicines are made from plant reported by Benamar et al.[7]. Plants have secondary metabolites that suppress the growth and development of adjacent ...
Anatomy and physiology of crop plants
Anatomy and physiology of crop plants

... produced. It also stores and passes on genetic information to future generations of cells during cell division. DNA responsible for storage and transfer of this genetic information is found in the chromosomes. The information stored and transferred determines what the plant will look like, as well a ...
Common Name: Echeveria – Black Prince Echeveria `Black Prince
Common Name: Echeveria – Black Prince Echeveria `Black Prince

... billowy green foliage, bamboo muhly can anchor a perennial bed, serve as a screen, or give height to a container planting. Bamboo muhly earned its common name because of its resemblance to bamboo. Its tall, semi-woody stems are covered with lacy green foliage that dances gracefully in the slightest ...
document
document

... Lack chlorophyll. Cannot make their own food. Depend on the absorption of nutrient molecules. Are either parasites or saprophytes. Most are multicellular (few are unicellular). ...
Basic Gerbera Culture Tutorial
Basic Gerbera Culture Tutorial

... older plants because they have a denser, humidity-retaining canopy. -In outdoor grown crops in Florida it is more of a problem in the relatively cool weather of spring and fall. -Temperatures are optimum for E. cichoracearum at 68-77ºF/20-25ºC. Air circulation between plants helps to reduce disease. ...
Document
Document

... the majority of bacterial colonists on any given plant have no detectable effect on plant growth or function. Research into the characteristics of microbial life in the phyllosphere is of great commercial importance to the agricultural industry for two reasons. First, understanding the survival of p ...
Hordeum jubatum
Hordeum jubatum

... brachyantherum (meadow barley) and an East Asian Hordeum species6. No synonyms found at this time Foxtail barley, bobtail barley, Squirreltail barley; ...
Complete animal metamorphosis, incomplete metamorphosis and
Complete animal metamorphosis, incomplete metamorphosis and

... metamorphosis. Incomplete metamorphosis only has three life cycle stages: egg, nymph, and adult. The nymph looks similar to, but is a smaller version of, the adult. The nymph is also wingless (Australian Government Department of Agriculture 2014) . ...
Growing seedlings - Science and Plants for Schools
Growing seedlings - Science and Plants for Schools

... • Put the bottom of the petri dish on top of the lid and label it. Leave the dish flat on the table for at least 10 minutes. (This gives the seed time to produce a secretion that helps the seed stick to the paper disc.) • Gently pick up the dish and place it on its side vertically in the bottle boat ...
Plant Parts We Eat Michigan Agriscience Education For Elementary Students
Plant Parts We Eat Michigan Agriscience Education For Elementary Students

... With some plants we eat more than one part. The root of the beet plant is what most people like to eat, but the leaves are also good to eat. We can eat beet leaves in salads when the leaves are young and tender. When they get bigger, they taste better cooked. We usually eat the root of the onion pla ...
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History of botany



The history of botany examines the human effort to understand life on Earth by tracing the historical development of the discipline of botany—that part of natural science dealing with organisms traditionally treated as plants.Rudimentary botanical science began with empirically-based plant lore passed from generation to generation in the oral traditions of paleolithic hunter-gatherers. The first written records of plants were made in the Neolithic Revolution about 10,000 years ago as writing was developed in the settled agricultural communities where plants and animals were first domesticated. The first writings that show human curiosity about plants themselves, rather than the uses that could be made of them, appears in the teachings of Aristotle's student Theophrastus at the Lyceum in ancient Athens in about 350 BC; this is considered the starting point for modern botany. In Europe, this early botanical science was soon overshadowed by a medieval preoccupation with the medicinal properties of plants that lasted more than 1000 years. During this time, the medicinal works of classical antiquity were reproduced in manuscripts and books called herbals. In China and the Arab world, the Greco-Roman work on medicinal plants was preserved and extended.In Europe the Renaissance of the 14th–17th centuries heralded a scientific revival during which botany gradually emerged from natural history as an independent science, distinct from medicine and agriculture. Herbals were replaced by floras: books that described the native plants of local regions. The invention of the microscope stimulated the study of plant anatomy, and the first carefully designed experiments in plant physiology were performed. With the expansion of trade and exploration beyond Europe, the many new plants being discovered were subjected to an increasingly rigorous process of naming, description, and classification.Progressively more sophisticated scientific technology has aided the development of contemporary botanical offshoots in the plant sciences, ranging from the applied fields of economic botany (notably agriculture, horticulture and forestry), to the detailed examination of the structure and function of plants and their interaction with the environment over many scales from the large-scale global significance of vegetation and plant communities (biogeography and ecology) through to the small scale of subjects like cell theory, molecular biology and plant biochemistry.
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