Angiosperms, which evolved in the Cretaceous period
... from small woody bushes, or were basal angiospermsrelated to tropical grasses. Both views draw support from cladistic studies. The socalled woody magnoliid hypothesis (which proposes that the early ancestors of angiosperms were shrubs) also offers molecular biological evidence. The most primitive l ...
... from small woody bushes, or were basal angiospermsrelated to tropical grasses. Both views draw support from cladistic studies. The socalled woody magnoliid hypothesis (which proposes that the early ancestors of angiosperms were shrubs) also offers molecular biological evidence. The most primitive l ...
Chapter 38 - Macmillan Learning
... daisy. If the woman found her suitor attractive, she could tell him so with a camellia; a geranium, on the other hand, would say, “Let’s just be friends.” Colors had meaning, too. A red rose symbolized love, while yellow was associated with jealousy and white with innocence. By the early twentieth c ...
... daisy. If the woman found her suitor attractive, she could tell him so with a camellia; a geranium, on the other hand, would say, “Let’s just be friends.” Colors had meaning, too. A red rose symbolized love, while yellow was associated with jealousy and white with innocence. By the early twentieth c ...
Nonvascular Plants
... Reproduce by means of spores Spore cases called sporangia are found on the underside of sporophylls Sporangia often occur in clusters called sori ...
... Reproduce by means of spores Spore cases called sporangia are found on the underside of sporophylls Sporangia often occur in clusters called sori ...
Reconsideration of Plant Morphological Traits: From a Structure
... Gifford and Foster (1989). Traditionally, a plant was considered to be consisted of three parts, i.e., the shoot, the leaves, and the root (Strasburger et al., 1976). Based on such a “structurebased perspective,” evolutionary analyses or comparisons across species were made on particular parts or th ...
... Gifford and Foster (1989). Traditionally, a plant was considered to be consisted of three parts, i.e., the shoot, the leaves, and the root (Strasburger et al., 1976). Based on such a “structurebased perspective,” evolutionary analyses or comparisons across species were made on particular parts or th ...
EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY OF GREEN AND LAND PLANTS
... evolution of more complex types of growth, particularly of self-supporting shoot systems. It is not clear if a cellulosic cell wall constitutes an apomorphy for the Viridiplantae alone, as it may have evolved much earlier, constituting an apomorphy for the Viridiplantae plus one or more other groups ...
... evolution of more complex types of growth, particularly of self-supporting shoot systems. It is not clear if a cellulosic cell wall constitutes an apomorphy for the Viridiplantae alone, as it may have evolved much earlier, constituting an apomorphy for the Viridiplantae plus one or more other groups ...
flower show categories – 2014
... 1. The show is open to every member of the public. 2. The Exhibitor may enter no more than two exhibits in any class except in Cut Flower Section where only one entry is allowed per Class. 3. The Exhibitor must have grown exhibit for at least three months prior to the date of the Show. This regulati ...
... 1. The show is open to every member of the public. 2. The Exhibitor may enter no more than two exhibits in any class except in Cut Flower Section where only one entry is allowed per Class. 3. The Exhibitor must have grown exhibit for at least three months prior to the date of the Show. This regulati ...
Callery pear
... Callery pear displaces native shrubs and trees in regional habitats that are important to native animals for food and shelter. Birds eat its fruit and spread its seeds over long distances and the trees also spread through root suckers especially when top growth has been injured or removed. Infestati ...
... Callery pear displaces native shrubs and trees in regional habitats that are important to native animals for food and shelter. Birds eat its fruit and spread its seeds over long distances and the trees also spread through root suckers especially when top growth has been injured or removed. Infestati ...
Recovery of Field Corn, Haycrops and Pasture Following Armyworm Damage
... down to the crown. Recovery was very slow to almost armyworm. All remaining was the non-existent. Many of these fields were reseeded. alfalfa and dandelion. However, most of fields had only damage to that growth and, once harvested, regrowth was normal. Other fields with more severe damage showed sl ...
... down to the crown. Recovery was very slow to almost armyworm. All remaining was the non-existent. Many of these fields were reseeded. alfalfa and dandelion. However, most of fields had only damage to that growth and, once harvested, regrowth was normal. Other fields with more severe damage showed sl ...
Propagation of Plants from Specialized Structures
... runs horizontally just under or partially under the ground (Fig. 2G). Rhizomes are the main axis of a plant and contain vegetative buds. Rhizomes can be used for propagation by cutting into sections that each have at least one bud. Plant the sections horizontally, the same way they were growing in t ...
... runs horizontally just under or partially under the ground (Fig. 2G). Rhizomes are the main axis of a plant and contain vegetative buds. Rhizomes can be used for propagation by cutting into sections that each have at least one bud. Plant the sections horizontally, the same way they were growing in t ...
Grade 1 Big Idea 14 - I-4CorridorElementaryScience
... The time of the year needs to be considered for this lesson. The lesson can be taught at any time as long as seasonal factors are considered and discussed with students. It might be best to do this lesson once each season, making it an on-going inquiry based lesson. Prior to the lesson, the teacher ...
... The time of the year needs to be considered for this lesson. The lesson can be taught at any time as long as seasonal factors are considered and discussed with students. It might be best to do this lesson once each season, making it an on-going inquiry based lesson. Prior to the lesson, the teacher ...
970 KB - California Academy of Sciences
... upon request. Phylogenetic analyses employed maximum parsimony (MP) for the analysis of Lamiales, and MP, maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian inference (BI) for the placement of Philcoxia within core Gratioleae. MP heuristic searches and parsimony bootstrapping (bt; Felsenstein 1985) were conducte ...
... upon request. Phylogenetic analyses employed maximum parsimony (MP) for the analysis of Lamiales, and MP, maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian inference (BI) for the placement of Philcoxia within core Gratioleae. MP heuristic searches and parsimony bootstrapping (bt; Felsenstein 1985) were conducte ...
Growth and Development of the axrl Mutants of Arabidopsis
... with respect to their developmental phenotype (Estelle and Somerville, 1987). However, repeated back-crossing of several of these mutant lines to wild-type plants, combined with a more detailed analysis of plant morphology, revealed that one mutant line differed from all the others. This mutant line ...
... with respect to their developmental phenotype (Estelle and Somerville, 1987). However, repeated back-crossing of several of these mutant lines to wild-type plants, combined with a more detailed analysis of plant morphology, revealed that one mutant line differed from all the others. This mutant line ...
Trichome Formation: Gibberellins on the Move
... Trichome Formation: Gibberellins on the Move Plant trichomes are specialized epidermal protrusions that, depending on species, are located on the surfaces of leaves, stems, petioles, sepals, seed coats, and other aerial organs. Trichomes not only defend plants against biotic and environmental hazard ...
... Trichome Formation: Gibberellins on the Move Plant trichomes are specialized epidermal protrusions that, depending on species, are located on the surfaces of leaves, stems, petioles, sepals, seed coats, and other aerial organs. Trichomes not only defend plants against biotic and environmental hazard ...
IDENTIFICATION OF MINNESOTA INVASIVE
... Aggressive underground stems spread up to 35 feet from original plant and form new plants Equipment, vehicles, humans, wildlife, water and seed-contaminated soil, gravel and hay transport seeds STRATEGIES FOR RESTORING NATIVE PLANT COMMUNITY (See your county agriculture inspector and Web resourc ...
... Aggressive underground stems spread up to 35 feet from original plant and form new plants Equipment, vehicles, humans, wildlife, water and seed-contaminated soil, gravel and hay transport seeds STRATEGIES FOR RESTORING NATIVE PLANT COMMUNITY (See your county agriculture inspector and Web resourc ...
THYME Botanical Name
... The plant is a shrub that grows up to 50 cm high with woody and many branched stem. The flowers are white to purple. The odor is aromatic and the taste somewhat bitter and camphor-like. Where it’s grown: The plant is indigenous to the Mediterranean and neighboring countries, northern Africa, and par ...
... The plant is a shrub that grows up to 50 cm high with woody and many branched stem. The flowers are white to purple. The odor is aromatic and the taste somewhat bitter and camphor-like. Where it’s grown: The plant is indigenous to the Mediterranean and neighboring countries, northern Africa, and par ...
Plants living on fungi: a short review of mycoheterotrophy by Vincent
... species is found in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Portugal, Russia, Sweden, Norway, and Greenland. It often grows buried under mosses in peat bogs. In Lycopodiaceae, and several families of ferns the gametophytes of many species are achlorophyllous and mycorrhizal. This is a strong indication ...
... species is found in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Portugal, Russia, Sweden, Norway, and Greenland. It often grows buried under mosses in peat bogs. In Lycopodiaceae, and several families of ferns the gametophytes of many species are achlorophyllous and mycorrhizal. This is a strong indication ...
Jethro Tull Tickseed
... tolerant of urban pollution. This particular variety is an interspecific hybrid. It can be propagated by division; however, as a cultivated variety, be aware that it may be subject to certain restrictions or prohibitions on propagation. Jethro Tull Tickseed is a fine choice for the garden, but it is ...
... tolerant of urban pollution. This particular variety is an interspecific hybrid. It can be propagated by division; however, as a cultivated variety, be aware that it may be subject to certain restrictions or prohibitions on propagation. Jethro Tull Tickseed is a fine choice for the garden, but it is ...
THE PROBLEMS OF JURASSIC PALAEOBOTANY
... one rather than another of these species. The correct name where no microscopic detail can be seen i~ «C. sp. fndet}} or perhaps «cí, C. riglda» but certainly nothing more definite. However nobody like to see such vague designations in his works and no doubt specimens showing only features visible t ...
... one rather than another of these species. The correct name where no microscopic detail can be seen i~ «C. sp. fndet}} or perhaps «cí, C. riglda» but certainly nothing more definite. However nobody like to see such vague designations in his works and no doubt specimens showing only features visible t ...
plant kingdom
... oxygen in their immediate environment. They are of paramount importance as primary producers of energy-rich compounds which form the basis of the food cycles of all aquatic animals. Many species of Porphyra, Laminaria and Sargassum are among the 70 species of marine algae used as food. Certain marin ...
... oxygen in their immediate environment. They are of paramount importance as primary producers of energy-rich compounds which form the basis of the food cycles of all aquatic animals. Many species of Porphyra, Laminaria and Sargassum are among the 70 species of marine algae used as food. Certain marin ...
PLANTS THAT GROW AMONG EUCALYPTUS TREES Competition
... Competition is the primary limiting factor when planting under Eucalyptus trees. The allelopathic compounds in the leaves were once thought to prevent the growth of other plants, but now are being considered minor in comparison to the inability of plants to compete with Eucalyptus for required resou ...
... Competition is the primary limiting factor when planting under Eucalyptus trees. The allelopathic compounds in the leaves were once thought to prevent the growth of other plants, but now are being considered minor in comparison to the inability of plants to compete with Eucalyptus for required resou ...
Bontany and Basic Plant Science
... Curtis W. Smith, Extension Horticulture Specialist Plant science or botany is the study of plants. Horticulture, on the other hand, along with agronomy and other applied sciences, is the application of that knowledge to accomplish an economic or aesthetic purpose. Botany consists of several subscien ...
... Curtis W. Smith, Extension Horticulture Specialist Plant science or botany is the study of plants. Horticulture, on the other hand, along with agronomy and other applied sciences, is the application of that knowledge to accomplish an economic or aesthetic purpose. Botany consists of several subscien ...
Murderous plants: Victorian Gothic, Darwin and modern
... Darwin’s interest in carnivorous plants was in keeping with the Victorian fascination with Gothic horrors, and his experiments on them were many and varied, ranging from what appears to be idle curiosity (e.g. what will happen if I place a human hair on a Drosera leaf?) to detailed investigations of ...
... Darwin’s interest in carnivorous plants was in keeping with the Victorian fascination with Gothic horrors, and his experiments on them were many and varied, ranging from what appears to be idle curiosity (e.g. what will happen if I place a human hair on a Drosera leaf?) to detailed investigations of ...
some - Cal State LA - Instructional Web Server
... Native to Southeastern Europe and cultivated in most of Europe. It also grows in some regions of Asia. The licorice plant’s flower varies in color, from lilac to light blue and produces seeded pods of 2-3 cm in length on its branches Prefers open, dry areas with rich soil Liquorice roots are long, c ...
... Native to Southeastern Europe and cultivated in most of Europe. It also grows in some regions of Asia. The licorice plant’s flower varies in color, from lilac to light blue and produces seeded pods of 2-3 cm in length on its branches Prefers open, dry areas with rich soil Liquorice roots are long, c ...
History of botany
The history of botany examines the human effort to understand life on Earth by tracing the historical development of the discipline of botany—that part of natural science dealing with organisms traditionally treated as plants.Rudimentary botanical science began with empirically-based plant lore passed from generation to generation in the oral traditions of paleolithic hunter-gatherers. The first written records of plants were made in the Neolithic Revolution about 10,000 years ago as writing was developed in the settled agricultural communities where plants and animals were first domesticated. The first writings that show human curiosity about plants themselves, rather than the uses that could be made of them, appears in the teachings of Aristotle's student Theophrastus at the Lyceum in ancient Athens in about 350 BC; this is considered the starting point for modern botany. In Europe, this early botanical science was soon overshadowed by a medieval preoccupation with the medicinal properties of plants that lasted more than 1000 years. During this time, the medicinal works of classical antiquity were reproduced in manuscripts and books called herbals. In China and the Arab world, the Greco-Roman work on medicinal plants was preserved and extended.In Europe the Renaissance of the 14th–17th centuries heralded a scientific revival during which botany gradually emerged from natural history as an independent science, distinct from medicine and agriculture. Herbals were replaced by floras: books that described the native plants of local regions. The invention of the microscope stimulated the study of plant anatomy, and the first carefully designed experiments in plant physiology were performed. With the expansion of trade and exploration beyond Europe, the many new plants being discovered were subjected to an increasingly rigorous process of naming, description, and classification.Progressively more sophisticated scientific technology has aided the development of contemporary botanical offshoots in the plant sciences, ranging from the applied fields of economic botany (notably agriculture, horticulture and forestry), to the detailed examination of the structure and function of plants and their interaction with the environment over many scales from the large-scale global significance of vegetation and plant communities (biogeography and ecology) through to the small scale of subjects like cell theory, molecular biology and plant biochemistry.