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April 2011 (19:1)  - West Virginia Native Plant Society
April 2011 (19:1) - West Virginia Native Plant Society

... vegetative condition. Dr. Gregg has been doing field studies on the flowering of the orchid, Cleistes bifaria, spreading pogonia, for more than ten years. She uses wire markers for orchid locations and then revisites the research site to see how each individual plant responds. Environmental conditio ...
Abiqua Drinking Gourd Hosta
Abiqua Drinking Gourd Hosta

... mid summer. It's attractive textured round leaves remain blue in color throughout the season. The fruit is not ornamentally significant. Landscape Attributes: Abiqua Drinking Gourd Hosta is a dense herbaceous perennial with tall flower stalks held atop a low mound of foliage. Its medium texture blen ...
Editor`s Note - New York Flora Association
Editor`s Note - New York Flora Association

... Black-eyed Susan is an introduced species in the northeastern United States; however, it came not from Eurasia, as so many of New York’s wildflowers did, but from the midwestern region of this continent. It is a native, North American species, well-known both by name and sight in the fields of New Y ...
Euglenophyta (Euglenids, trypanosoma
Euglenophyta (Euglenids, trypanosoma

... microspore develops into a pollen grain (a male gametophyte enclosed within the pollen wall). 3. An ovulate cone scale has two ovules, each containing a megasporangium. Only one ovule is show. 4. Pollination occurs when a pollen grain reaches the ovule. The pollen grain then germinates, forming a po ...
Plants - Austin Community College
Plants - Austin Community College

... 3. storage surplus carbohydrates produced by leaves are sent to roots for protected storage some desert plants store scarce water in taproots whatever conditions the above ground part of plant is subjected to the roots most often survive even in winter when whole above ground plant dies back, roots ...
SC.4.L.16.1 - Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
SC.4.L.16.1 - Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

... move down to the ovary, fertilizing the egg cells. • Fertilization combines DNA. • The result is a seed with a tiny plant inside. • The ovary grows into a fruit to protect the seeds. ...
Herbs and Spices - Iowa State University
Herbs and Spices - Iowa State University

... There are several differences in definitions of ‘herbs’ versus ‘spices’. Some suggestion that herbs come from the herbaceous (non-woody) parts of plants (e.g. leaves). Many spices come from reproductive plant parts (e.g. flowers, fruits, seeds), regardless of the place of geographic origin. Some def ...
Gas Exchange in Plants
Gas Exchange in Plants

... Energy produced (glucose) Greater volumes of gasses exchanged in ...
Science of Life Explorations: The Right Plants, The Right
Science of Life Explorations: The Right Plants, The Right

... When a plant is not right for the site, it will not prosper and may be more susceptible to disease or insect attack. To prevent problems, thought must go into the selection of the plant and its needs. Students will be reminded that some plants can tolerate both sun and shade, and will not do as well ...
The Right Plants - National Agriculture in the Classroom
The Right Plants - National Agriculture in the Classroom

... When a plant is not right for the site, it will not prosper and may be more susceptible to disease or insect attack. To prevent problems, thought must go into the selection of the plant and its needs. Students will be reminded that some plants can tolerate both sun and shade, and will not do as well ...
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

... • Is a seed plant that produces “naked” seeds (they are not inside a fruit) • Usually has needle-like or scale-like leaves and a deep growing root system. ...
Tuesday Lecture – Ornamental Plants
Tuesday Lecture – Ornamental Plants

... Used to denote an assemblage of cultivated plants that is clearly distinguished by some character(s) and that following reproduction retains its distinguishing character(s) Cultivar name is written in any language except for Latin Cultivar name can be combined with a generic, specific, or common nam ...
Using Plant Pigments as Natural Dyes
Using Plant Pigments as Natural Dyes

... on white cotton material and string. 3. To link the lesson to fine arts by creating friendship bracelets with the string, and quilt squares with the material. ...
Plants That Cause Skin Irritation - University of Illinois Extension
Plants That Cause Skin Irritation - University of Illinois Extension

... Many plants are known to cause skin irritation in humans. People can respond to these plants in a variety of ways and not every single person may react in the same way. These plants can be broken up into five different categories: 1. Poison plants include poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac.  ...
8.1 notes: angiosperms
8.1 notes: angiosperms

... is often aided by insects that have evolved with these plants. Plants can self- fertilize or cross-fertilize (pollen transferred to stigma of a different plant). Types of Fruit The ___________________________________________ __________________________________. The fleshy part of the fruit develops f ...
Reproductive Role of Flowers - Educator Guide
Reproductive Role of Flowers - Educator Guide

... ovary, and a style—a long tube that connects the stigma to the ovary. Sexual reproduction in plants occurs when the pollen from a stamen is transferred to a pistil, where it may fertilize the eggs stored inside the ovary. Plants that grow in isolated colonies, including tomatoes and lettuces, can po ...
Honeybells Hosta - Paterno Nurseries Inc.
Honeybells Hosta - Paterno Nurseries Inc.

... lavender bell-shaped flowers rising above the foliage in mid summer. It's attractive large twisted heart-shaped leaves remain light green in colour throughout the season. The fruit is not ornamentally significant. Landscape Attributes: Honeybells Hosta is a dense herbaceous perennial with tall flowe ...
giant hogweed - Clallam County
giant hogweed - Clallam County

...  Crowds out desirable native plants which supply food and habitat for wildlife.  Damages riparian areas when it dies back in the fall, leaving banks unvegetated and susceptible to erosion. Giant hogweed is a Class A Weed. Control is required county-wide. ...
used
used

... steppe (from Russian степь, "steppe," further derivation unknown) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes. Soil type is typically ...
Cucumber Production in Greenhouses Varieties HGA-00434
Cucumber Production in Greenhouses Varieties HGA-00434

... Cucumber Production in Greenhouses HGA-00434 ...
Functions of manganese (Mn)
Functions of manganese (Mn)

... Manganese deficiency may greatly reduce crop volume and the fruit color. The fruit may become smaller and softer than normal and the rind pale in color. Manganese deficiency is frequently associated with Zn deficiency. A combination of the two deficiency symptoms on leaves is called "marl frenching" ...
Bromeliacece Q3 2013 - Bromeliad Society of Queensland
Bromeliacece Q3 2013 - Bromeliad Society of Queensland

... Dylan in his front garden – he has also started a Grumps and Dylan after the collection of Dyckias and Cryptanhus and was asking first day at the show. us he help him erect a small shadehouse. Len Trevor taking the time to explain how to gather the seed and how to proprate them. Dylan was so very i ...
Comparing Monocot and Dicot Pants
Comparing Monocot and Dicot Pants

... • Find out what a monocot plant and a dicot plant is. • Create a table to compare the structures of these two classes of plant. • In your table you should compare seeds (cotyledons), stem (vascular bundles), flower, leaf (vein pattern) and ...
PLANT BREEDING SYSTEMS
PLANT BREEDING SYSTEMS

... • Inconspicuous, bud-like apetalous flowers that form directly into seed capsules. • Has evolved independently multiple times – throughout the angiosperms, including some basal lineages. ...
Unit 3 Plants
Unit 3 Plants

... circumference of a tree. This stops the sugar from the leaves from reaching the roots which causes the roots, and thus the whole tree to die. In woody stems, a layer of meristematic cells in the cortex becomes active (the cork cambium) and makes a waterproof layer of cork, commonly called bark or pe ...
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History of botany



The history of botany examines the human effort to understand life on Earth by tracing the historical development of the discipline of botany—that part of natural science dealing with organisms traditionally treated as plants.Rudimentary botanical science began with empirically-based plant lore passed from generation to generation in the oral traditions of paleolithic hunter-gatherers. The first written records of plants were made in the Neolithic Revolution about 10,000 years ago as writing was developed in the settled agricultural communities where plants and animals were first domesticated. The first writings that show human curiosity about plants themselves, rather than the uses that could be made of them, appears in the teachings of Aristotle's student Theophrastus at the Lyceum in ancient Athens in about 350 BC; this is considered the starting point for modern botany. In Europe, this early botanical science was soon overshadowed by a medieval preoccupation with the medicinal properties of plants that lasted more than 1000 years. During this time, the medicinal works of classical antiquity were reproduced in manuscripts and books called herbals. In China and the Arab world, the Greco-Roman work on medicinal plants was preserved and extended.In Europe the Renaissance of the 14th–17th centuries heralded a scientific revival during which botany gradually emerged from natural history as an independent science, distinct from medicine and agriculture. Herbals were replaced by floras: books that described the native plants of local regions. The invention of the microscope stimulated the study of plant anatomy, and the first carefully designed experiments in plant physiology were performed. With the expansion of trade and exploration beyond Europe, the many new plants being discovered were subjected to an increasingly rigorous process of naming, description, and classification.Progressively more sophisticated scientific technology has aided the development of contemporary botanical offshoots in the plant sciences, ranging from the applied fields of economic botany (notably agriculture, horticulture and forestry), to the detailed examination of the structure and function of plants and their interaction with the environment over many scales from the large-scale global significance of vegetation and plant communities (biogeography and ecology) through to the small scale of subjects like cell theory, molecular biology and plant biochemistry.
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