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formulation and in vitro evaluation of microspheres of metoprolol
formulation and in vitro evaluation of microspheres of metoprolol

... means high blood pressure with no obvious medical cause. The remaining 5–10% of cases (Secondary hypertension) is caused by other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart or endocrine system. Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failu ...
Toxicities of Drugs Used in the Management of Fever
Toxicities of Drugs Used in the Management of Fever

... NSAID-induced sodium retention can interfere with the activity of both loop and thiazide diuretics and limit their effectiveness in the management of cardiovascular disease [1, 12]. Another major NSAID-induced electrolyte abnormality, hyperkalemia, rarely occurs in the absence of other factors that ...
Full Prescribing Information
Full Prescribing Information

... observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. The safety of VARUBI was evaluated in approximately 2800 patients in 4 controlled clinical trials in patients receiving e ...
Thermogenesis in human skeletal muscle as
Thermogenesis in human skeletal muscle as

... with a direct retardation of glycogenolysis. A decreased activity of glycogen phosphorylase a in human muscle after propranolol was recently shown, both at rest and after short intense work [12]. There is also evidence that the degradation of glycogen is mediated by &receptors (see e.g. [13]), down ...
Which medications may lead to addiction?
Which medications may lead to addiction?

... Ventolin) help asthma patients to breath more easily by dilating (widening) the lung airways. After long-term use, a modest tolerance could develop that requires dose increases. One advantage in this case is that some adverse effects associated with these medications (palpitations and tremor) may de ...
Anxiety Disorders Drug Treatment Guidelines
Anxiety Disorders Drug Treatment Guidelines

... Severe agoraphobia is a negative prognostic factor. Medication should not be discontinued until avoidance behaviour has stopped, even if panic has remitted (EC). Adjunctive clonazepam on initiating SSRI treatment (paroxetine60 or sertraline61) may improve the time to therapeutic effect (II). CBT may ...
Guideline on clinical investigation of medicinal products in the
Guideline on clinical investigation of medicinal products in the

... Measurements with a calibrated sphygmomanometer are the standard. If not available, another device may be used which is calibrated carefully in proportion to a mercury sphygmomanometer. Use of aneroid manometer is not recommended. Appropriate cuff size must be used to ensure accurate measurement. Bo ...
annual review 2011
annual review 2011

... as well as our customers by introducing and utilizing external technologies and technological seeds from outside sources. We will also challenge new medical fields such as the development of therapeutic drugs for intractable diseases and cellular pharmaceuticals and will embrace a commitment to bios ...
Lopinavir/low dose ritonavir - WHO archives
Lopinavir/low dose ritonavir - WHO archives

... treatment. A prospective observational cohort study was undertaken to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, adherence, toxicity and viral resistance of antiretroviral therapy. The clinical and biological results of the study were comparable to those seen in western cohorts, despite differences in H ...
The Effects of Betahistine and Dimenhydrinate on Caloric Test
The Effects of Betahistine and Dimenhydrinate on Caloric Test

... however, we recommend that betahistine should not be used in the acute episode, as it may increase vertigo and vegetative symptoms. We also demonstrated that there are only a few changes in caloric test-induced SPV between patients using betahistine and the combination treatment. The explanation for ...
CONTENTS - Health Sciences Authority
CONTENTS - Health Sciences Authority

... physicians. Of these, eight reports have been reviewed and followed up by HSA and they include three reports of allergic reactions of varying severity including one case of anaphylaxis, a case of exacerbation of pre-existing scleritis, a case of persistent vomiting, a case of Sweet’s syndrome, a cas ...
Stability testing protocols according to ICH guideline
Stability testing protocols according to ICH guideline

... The design of the formal stability studies for the drug product should be based on knowledge of the behavior and properties of the drug substance and from stability studies on the drug substance and on experience gained from clinical formulation studies. The likely changes on storage and the rationa ...
Noncompartment Model
Noncompartment Model

... Mathematical treatment remains same, for drug or metabolite, provided elimination follows first order kinetics Drug disposition kinetics need not be described in detail ...
Natural Supplements Proven To Lower Cholesterol
Natural Supplements Proven To Lower Cholesterol

... lowering these two cardiovascular risk factors. These two natural agents include Gugulipid and Artichoke Leaf. When taken at the right dosage and standardized grade these two supplements work synergistically to lower cholesterol and/or triglyceride to a significant degree, in persons with elevated b ...
Agrochemicals against Malaria, Sleeping Sickness, Leishmaniasis
Agrochemicals against Malaria, Sleeping Sickness, Leishmaniasis

... environment - there have been only very limited activities to exploit this overlap for the development of new antiinfectious drugs so far. In this study and for the first time, over 600 commercial agrochemicals were systematically screened against the infectious pathogens causing malaria, sleeping s ...
Metal-Based Therapeutics for Leishmaniasis
Metal-Based Therapeutics for Leishmaniasis

... compounds and elixirs. In the 16th century, antimony was introduced by Paracelsus as a general panacea and was considered as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. In the early 20th century, the physician Paul Elhrich (Nobel Prize 1908) discovered an impresive therapeutic effect of the compound arse ...
Oral Therapies for Cancer - Oncology Nursing Society
Oral Therapies for Cancer - Oncology Nursing Society

... Is a CYP3A4 substrate. Combination with thioguanine may cause hepatic  dysfunction and the development of esophageal varices in a small number of  patients. May interact with itraconazole. Patients receiving concomitant  cyclophosphamide with phenytoin pretreatment have shown increased  cyclophospha ...
Safety First: Handling Chemotherapy Drugs
Safety First: Handling Chemotherapy Drugs

... Most chemotherapeutic agents are both toxic and mutagenic. Alkylating agents have been associated with the highest risks to handlers. Organ damage and increased risk of fetal loss have been reported in persons handling and administering chemotherapy with inadequate attention to personal safety. This ...
Research Paper-Noorah Al-Fraywan-HLTH 1050
Research Paper-Noorah Al-Fraywan-HLTH 1050

... Ibarra HLTH 1050 Research Paper Heroin is processed from morphine, a naturally occurring opiate extracted from the seedpod of certain varieties of poppy plants (drugpolicy.org). Heroin was first synthesized from morphine in 1874. From 1898 through to 1910, Bayer, the German pharmaceutical company, m ...
WHAT IS NEW IN OSTEOARTHRITIS? SYSADOA CLINICAL REVIEW
WHAT IS NEW IN OSTEOARTHRITIS? SYSADOA CLINICAL REVIEW

... The main SYSADOAs are chondroitin sulfate (CS), glucosamine sulfate (GLU) and hyaluronic acid (HA). They are specially indicated in elderly patients, often polymedicated. SYSADOAs, apart from their symptomatic effect, also have a structure disease modifying effect slowing OA progression. ...
Effect of cryoprotectant on lyophlisation of doxorubicin –HCl loaded
Effect of cryoprotectant on lyophlisation of doxorubicin –HCl loaded

... lyophilisation by several folds and during freeze drying cryoprotectants such as sucrose, dextrose are added to protect the sample from stresses. [4] Freezing and Drying the Formulation[5,6] Freezing Formation of ice during freezing results in dramatic changes in concentrations of the active ingredi ...
drug-free school and workplace - New Professions Technical Institute
drug-free school and workplace - New Professions Technical Institute

... Consumption is responsible for a number of visible changes in behavior. The consumption of even low doses of alcohol significantly impairs the judgment, vision, coordination and reaction time required to operate a motor vehicle safely. Consequently, driving under the Influence of alcohol increases t ...
62 mg/kg/day - NIH Strokenet
62 mg/kg/day - NIH Strokenet

... Recruitment will be stopped if the difference in the number of confirmed ARDS cases between the groups is o 5 at any time during the recruitment of the first 40 subjects o 10 at any time during the recruitment of subjects 41-80 o 12 at any time during the recruitment of patients 81-120 o or if the ...
Original article Anti-hepatitis B virus activity in vitro of combinations
Original article Anti-hepatitis B virus activity in vitro of combinations

... S202I/G and M250V, which occur in addition to the 3TC rtM204V and rtM204I mutations [12,13]. By contrast, ADV maintains both in vitro and clinical efficacy against 3TC resistance mutations [14,15], but its longterm administration selects for the resistance mutations rtN236T and/or rtA181V/T [16,17]. ...
inhibits protein synthesis
inhibits protein synthesis

... Resistance to erythromycin is usually plasmidencoded. Three mechanisms have been identified: (1) reduced permeability of the cell membrane or active efflux; (2) production (by Enterobacteriaceae) of esterases that hydrolyze macrolides; (3) modification of the ribosomal binding site (so-called ribos ...
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Pharmaceutical industry



The pharmaceutical industry develops, produces, and markets drugs or pharmaceuticals for use as medications. Pharmaceutical companies may deal in generic or brand medications and medical devices. They are subject to a variety of laws and regulations that govern the patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and marketing of drugs.
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