Stroke volume and Cardiac output
... At the beginning of the year we tried different methods of remembering, mind maps, visualisation, and flash cards. Use what works for you, however, if you want a different grade from before then you must try something different. ...
... At the beginning of the year we tried different methods of remembering, mind maps, visualisation, and flash cards. Use what works for you, however, if you want a different grade from before then you must try something different. ...
34. Anatomy of heart
... Pathway of Blood Through the Heart and Lungs • Right atrium tricuspid valve right ventricle • Right ventricle pulmonary semilunar valve pulmonary arteries lungs • Lungs pulmonary veins left atrium • Left atrium bicuspid valve left ventricle • Left ventricle aortic semilunar valv ...
... Pathway of Blood Through the Heart and Lungs • Right atrium tricuspid valve right ventricle • Right ventricle pulmonary semilunar valve pulmonary arteries lungs • Lungs pulmonary veins left atrium • Left atrium bicuspid valve left ventricle • Left ventricle aortic semilunar valv ...
Venous Pressure
... Venous Pressure generally refers to the average pressure within venous compartment of circulation Blood from all the systemic veins flows into the right atrium of the heart, therefore the pressure in the Rt atrium called Central Venous pressure ...
... Venous Pressure generally refers to the average pressure within venous compartment of circulation Blood from all the systemic veins flows into the right atrium of the heart, therefore the pressure in the Rt atrium called Central Venous pressure ...
Atropine-induced non-sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
... atypical chest pain. Patient had no past medical history. On admission, vital signs were stable with an unremarkable physical examination. Electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm at 74 beats per minute with normal intervals (Figure 1). All cardiac work up for presyncope including echocardiogram ...
... atypical chest pain. Patient had no past medical history. On admission, vital signs were stable with an unremarkable physical examination. Electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm at 74 beats per minute with normal intervals (Figure 1). All cardiac work up for presyncope including echocardiogram ...
Changes in Serum Lipid following Acute Stroke
... cardiovascularrisk in arterial hypertension. The ECG lacks sensitivity for detecting LVH and although echocardiography has greater sensitivity its high cost, precludes its widespread use. Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP/BNP) are cardiac hormones secreted predominantly by the atria and ven ...
... cardiovascularrisk in arterial hypertension. The ECG lacks sensitivity for detecting LVH and although echocardiography has greater sensitivity its high cost, precludes its widespread use. Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP/BNP) are cardiac hormones secreted predominantly by the atria and ven ...
atrial fibrillation
... 3.2. In the normal heart in sinus rhythm the excitation spreading through the atrial myocardium from the sinus node stimulates contraction in myofilaments that have reached the end of their refractory period. At the normal rate of conduction the spreading wave produces coordinated muscular action an ...
... 3.2. In the normal heart in sinus rhythm the excitation spreading through the atrial myocardium from the sinus node stimulates contraction in myofilaments that have reached the end of their refractory period. At the normal rate of conduction the spreading wave produces coordinated muscular action an ...
CATHETER ABLATION for SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
... circuit travelling very rapidly around and around in your heart at between 150-250 beats per minute. These circuits generally travel between the normal tissue conducting "wire" or pathway in your heart and one or more abnormal tissue fibres (similar to an electrical short circuit). Generally individ ...
... circuit travelling very rapidly around and around in your heart at between 150-250 beats per minute. These circuits generally travel between the normal tissue conducting "wire" or pathway in your heart and one or more abnormal tissue fibres (similar to an electrical short circuit). Generally individ ...
CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING
... Pacemaker consists of a generator (produces electrical impulses) and leads that carry electrical impulses to electrodes which are placed in the atrial or ventricular endocardium where ever impulse is lacking at SA or AV node (unipolar) or both (bipolar) Impulse does not emit unless heart rate falls ...
... Pacemaker consists of a generator (produces electrical impulses) and leads that carry electrical impulses to electrodes which are placed in the atrial or ventricular endocardium where ever impulse is lacking at SA or AV node (unipolar) or both (bipolar) Impulse does not emit unless heart rate falls ...
Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function by
... hypothesis considers PXE as an inherited metabolic disorder with undetermined circulating molecules interacting with the synthesis or turnover of extracellular matrix components.1 Elastic fiber–rich walls of middle-sized arteries are involved in PXE, resulting in precocious and slowevolving arterial ...
... hypothesis considers PXE as an inherited metabolic disorder with undetermined circulating molecules interacting with the synthesis or turnover of extracellular matrix components.1 Elastic fiber–rich walls of middle-sized arteries are involved in PXE, resulting in precocious and slowevolving arterial ...
Heart rate as a prognostic risk factor in patients with cerebral
... the placebo group of that study, patients with heart rate ≥70 bpm were at 46% greater risk for fatal and nonfatal MI (p=0.0066) and a 34% greater risk for cardiovascular death (p=0.0041) than patients with heart rate <70 bpm. BEAUTIFUL suggested that heart rate 70 bpm is a potential threshold above ...
... the placebo group of that study, patients with heart rate ≥70 bpm were at 46% greater risk for fatal and nonfatal MI (p=0.0066) and a 34% greater risk for cardiovascular death (p=0.0041) than patients with heart rate <70 bpm. BEAUTIFUL suggested that heart rate 70 bpm is a potential threshold above ...
(MA) during treatment of Syrian cutaneous leishmaniasis patients
... difference in mean values of creatinine among the two groups, but a significant increase in AST mean values in MA treated patients, although it exceeded 174 IU/L in none of the patients and the ALT level was not statistically significantly increased. In the MA-treated group, pancreatic lipase values ...
... difference in mean values of creatinine among the two groups, but a significant increase in AST mean values in MA treated patients, although it exceeded 174 IU/L in none of the patients and the ALT level was not statistically significantly increased. In the MA-treated group, pancreatic lipase values ...
Match point
... If the SA node fails to fire, the AV node automatically takes over at the same rate. If the AV node fails to fire, the heart fails to beat. ...
... If the SA node fails to fire, the AV node automatically takes over at the same rate. If the AV node fails to fire, the heart fails to beat. ...
Massively parallel simulation of cardiac electrical
... grid points will be required. On the other hand, a typical human heart has dimensions on the order of 10 cm, so directly simulating wave propagation in the human ventricle, a primary goal of electrophysiological modeling, requires 10 to 100 million grid points. Since the bulk of computation time is ...
... grid points will be required. On the other hand, a typical human heart has dimensions on the order of 10 cm, so directly simulating wave propagation in the human ventricle, a primary goal of electrophysiological modeling, requires 10 to 100 million grid points. Since the bulk of computation time is ...
detailed lecture outline
... III The Heartbeat, p. 684 Objectives: 1. Describe the events of an action potential in cardiac muscle and explain the importance of calcium ions to the contractile process. 2. Discuss the differences between nodal cells and conducting cells, and describe the components and functions of the conductin ...
... III The Heartbeat, p. 684 Objectives: 1. Describe the events of an action potential in cardiac muscle and explain the importance of calcium ions to the contractile process. 2. Discuss the differences between nodal cells and conducting cells, and describe the components and functions of the conductin ...
Acute right ventricular failure
... Acute right ventricular (RV) failure is a serious clinical challenge not only in cardiology intensive care but in adult critical care in general. It is related not only to left ventricular failure but also to a number of other causes of pulmonary vascular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension (PH), ...
... Acute right ventricular (RV) failure is a serious clinical challenge not only in cardiology intensive care but in adult critical care in general. It is related not only to left ventricular failure but also to a number of other causes of pulmonary vascular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension (PH), ...
Cardiac sudden death is death caused by nonsequential or rapid
... Currently, there is little known about the development of the conduction system or what makes these cells different from the rest of the myocaridum. Recent studies however have suggested that the cardiac conduction system cells have many of the similar properties as cells in the brain. KCR-1 was ini ...
... Currently, there is little known about the development of the conduction system or what makes these cells different from the rest of the myocaridum. Recent studies however have suggested that the cardiac conduction system cells have many of the similar properties as cells in the brain. KCR-1 was ini ...
Atrial Fibrillation: Upstream Therapies
... Tachy-pacing downregulated L-type calcium channel alpha subunit expression was greatly attenuated by simvastatin. Retrospective meta-analysis have suggested a beneficial effect in AF in man Statin therapy has also been found to reduce the risk for first ventricular arrhythmia in pts with CAD a ...
... Tachy-pacing downregulated L-type calcium channel alpha subunit expression was greatly attenuated by simvastatin. Retrospective meta-analysis have suggested a beneficial effect in AF in man Statin therapy has also been found to reduce the risk for first ventricular arrhythmia in pts with CAD a ...
Doppler Tissue Imaging to Assess Systolic Function in Chagas
... nation of the diastolic function and pulmonary arterial pressure, which are extremely important data in a general cardiac assessment, cannot be measured with this technique. The introduction of the 2-dimensional and Doppler techniques provided important additional information for the assessment of c ...
... nation of the diastolic function and pulmonary arterial pressure, which are extremely important data in a general cardiac assessment, cannot be measured with this technique. The introduction of the 2-dimensional and Doppler techniques provided important additional information for the assessment of c ...
Heart failure post-myocardial infarction: a review of the - Heart
... By resynchronising the contraction of the ventricle following its injury by myocardial infarction, or other disease process, it is possible to improve cardiac function and to keep patients out of hospital. The MUSTIC9 and MIRACLE10 trials both showed clinical benefit from biventricular pacing. There ...
... By resynchronising the contraction of the ventricle following its injury by myocardial infarction, or other disease process, it is possible to improve cardiac function and to keep patients out of hospital. The MUSTIC9 and MIRACLE10 trials both showed clinical benefit from biventricular pacing. There ...
Heart Disease - Elgar Road Vet
... is usually the left sided valve that wears out in many pets probably because of the extra work this side of the heart has to do. When the valve is damaged it results in some blood leaking backwards and the vet will usually hear this as a murmur. A murmur can be heard in some pets from birth due to d ...
... is usually the left sided valve that wears out in many pets probably because of the extra work this side of the heart has to do. When the valve is damaged it results in some blood leaking backwards and the vet will usually hear this as a murmur. A murmur can be heard in some pets from birth due to d ...
Independent and additive prognostic value of right ventricular
... catheter mounted with a rapid-response thermistor (93A431H-7F, American Edwards Laboratories, Irvine, California) was inserted transcutaneously through the right internal jugular vein and advanced until its tip was into the pulmonary artery. The thermistor was connected to a dedicated computer (REF- ...
... catheter mounted with a rapid-response thermistor (93A431H-7F, American Edwards Laboratories, Irvine, California) was inserted transcutaneously through the right internal jugular vein and advanced until its tip was into the pulmonary artery. The thermistor was connected to a dedicated computer (REF- ...
Favorable Outcomes of LVAD as Bridge to
... hemodynamics, and reduced cardiac perfusion to the kidneys, commonly described as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS).11,12 The identification and, especially, the irreversibility of CRS can signify a clinical spiral characterized by worsening functional capacity, intolerance to conventional heart failure th ...
... hemodynamics, and reduced cardiac perfusion to the kidneys, commonly described as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS).11,12 The identification and, especially, the irreversibility of CRS can signify a clinical spiral characterized by worsening functional capacity, intolerance to conventional heart failure th ...
Impaired cardiac autonomic control relates to disease severity in pulmonary hypertension
... ABSTRACT: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results in chronic right heart failure, which is associated with an increase in sympathetic tone. This may adversely affect cardiac autonomic control. We investigated the changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity in relation to disease severity in ...
... ABSTRACT: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results in chronic right heart failure, which is associated with an increase in sympathetic tone. This may adversely affect cardiac autonomic control. We investigated the changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity in relation to disease severity in ...
ARRHYTHMIA - 上海交通大学医学院精品课程
... 1. Treat the etiology 2. Treat with drugs: anti-bradycardia agents, the effect of drug therapy is not good. 3. Artificial cardiac pacing. ...
... 1. Treat the etiology 2. Treat with drugs: anti-bradycardia agents, the effect of drug therapy is not good. 3. Artificial cardiac pacing. ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.