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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review

... stroke. Treatment strategies depend on appropriate patient selection, including drug treatment for exertional dyspnea (␤-blockers, verapamil, disopyramide) and the septal myotomymyectomy operation, which is the standard of care for severe refractory symptoms associated with marked outflow obstructio ...
Advances in the Management of Acute Heart Failure in the
Advances in the Management of Acute Heart Failure in the

... HEART FAILURE: what it is, what’s it about? 3. Discuss Congestive Heart Failure patient management for the prehospital provider ...
Traumatic ventricular septal defect in a 4-year
Traumatic ventricular septal defect in a 4-year

... concomitant injuries such as intra-abdominal injuries, rib fractures, and fractures of the extremities. As with congenital VSD, pansystolic murmurs are auscultated at the left sternal border, and chest radiography may be normal or show only mild cardiomegaly or pulmonary edema7). Cardiac enzymes lac ...
Vertebral Heart Scale
Vertebral Heart Scale

... diagnostics, such as a VHS and measurement of blood pressure. As guidelines for the treatment of heart disease in veterinary medicine evolve, it will become increasingly important to accurately stage patients with these conditions to determine when medical treatment is indicated. VHS calculation can ...
Cardiac screening examination of the fetus
Cardiac screening examination of the fetus

... atrium. Pulmonary veins can often be seen entering the left atrium. However, their identification should not be considered a mandatory part of a basic cardiac screening examination. The lower rim of atrial septal tissue, called the septum primum, should be present. A moderator band helps to identify ...
PDF version - Heart, Lung and Vessels
PDF version - Heart, Lung and Vessels

... *RWTED = [interventricular septum thickness + posterior wall thickness]/LVEDD; **Product of time velocity integral measured with pulsed-wave Doppler at the LV outflow tract (LVOT) and cross-sectional area of the LVOT; LV = left ventricular. Heart, Lung and Vessels. 2015, Vol.7 ...
The Ross Operation: Clinical Results and Echocardiographic Findings
The Ross Operation: Clinical Results and Echocardiographic Findings

... ability to adapt to intense physical activity.14 Furthermore, the Ross procedure is considered to be a cost-effective option.15 In fact, it is recommended by the American Heart Association as the operation of choice for young adults, and especially for children and women of childbearing age.16 In th ...
Heart Lecture Test Questions – Set 2
Heart Lecture Test Questions – Set 2

... a. atrio-ventricular node, which will exhibit rhythmic depolarizations, but at a lower rate b. heart stops functioning because no depolarizations reach the ventricles c. cardiac muscle of the atrial walls itself begin spontaneous contraction and conduction d. interatrial septum e. none of the above ...
English  - SciELO México
English - SciELO México

... object of current controversies, it is worth pointing out that we have been able to identify it as a well-defined anatomical structure in only one of eleven canine hearts (Fig. 2). In all of these cases, we stained the left ventricular conduction systems with concentrated Lugol’s solution.12 We have ...
Lecture07 RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE
Lecture07 RADIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE

... ascertained, and needle aspiration of the fluid may be necessary; such aspiration is best performed under ultrasound control. Pericardial effusion can also be recognized at CT and MRI, although they are rarely performed primarily for this purpose. Computed tomography and MRI are particularly useful ...
rhytmcen
rhytmcen

... underlying condition leading to AF is unchanged. The heart may go right back into the rhythm  Chemical conversion is slower, but leads to conditions more likely to allow permanent conversion. However the drugs used (class 1a and 3) can all cause major dysrhythmias and cardiodepression. Digoxin is s ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... may clarify the current observations. Because 201Tl g-photons also have an energy peak at 166 keV, there may be some downscatter into the 140-keV window of 99mTc. However, this downscatter was not observed in the family members of the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patient (Fig. 1D). In addition, we di ...
Shape and Volume Changes During "Isovolumetric Relaxation" in
Shape and Volume Changes During "Isovolumetric Relaxation" in

... All cases were initially examined by at least three observers and the frame depicting the smallest ventricular size (end ejection), the frame immediately before the beginning of mitral valve opening (end isovolumetric relaxation), and the frame revealing the largest ventricular size (end diastole) w ...
magos tibor
magos tibor

... By this approach the correlation of the real epicardial potential vectors and the estimated vectors is in the range of 0.7-0.8, which provides qualitatively correct potential patterns though the numerical values are often quite different. In some recent solutions: • truncated singular-value decompos ...
Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac Cycle

... Effects of Hypertrophy on SV ...
5E Lesson Plan on Cardiology and Vascular System
5E Lesson Plan on Cardiology and Vascular System

... disease in their families or know of someone who has died of heart related diseases. Take a poll of the class. Heart disease is the number one killer in adults. In cooperative groups fill out a KWL chart on what they know and what they want to know about heart disease, blood pressure and heart healt ...
Right Ventricular Involvement in Diabetic
Right Ventricular Involvement in Diabetic

... impairment might be a component of the diabetic cardiomyopathy phenotype. Diabetes Care 36:457–462, 2013 ...
Hypertensive Heart Failure in Nigerian Africans: Insights from the
Hypertensive Heart Failure in Nigerian Africans: Insights from the

... of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Abeokuta, Nigeria, as part of the Abeokuta Heart Failure Registry. The baseline characteristics and clinical profile of patients have been published elsewhere.10 The center is a tertiary institution located in the capital of Ogun State in the southwestern region o ...
Right ventricular dysfunction in chronic heart failure patients
Right ventricular dysfunction in chronic heart failure patients

... systolic dysfunction had significantly different dimensions of the right ventricle. Patients with right ventricular systolic dysfunction also showed lower peak early (Ea) and late (Aa) diastolic velocities of tricuspid annular motion. 3.3. Right heart catheterization Patients with the right ventricu ...
Chapter 11 Slides
Chapter 11 Slides

... • It is believed to be caused by multiple reentrant circuits within the atria. • Atrial fibrillation often occurs with other cardiovascular conditions, particularly chronic heart failure, cardiomyopathy, valvular disease, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and hyperthyroidism. • Some of these di ...
atrial fibrillation - szto Welcome to Peninsula Heart Centre!
atrial fibrillation - szto Welcome to Peninsula Heart Centre!

... associated with the initiation of AF in some patients. A great deal of interest in this type of premature beat has resulted from a recent study by Haissaguerre, an electrophysiologist from France. His research focused on a small group of patients who experienced frequent PAC's during a Halter monit ...
Staphylococcus epi
Staphylococcus epi

... insertion of a pacemaker complaining of left sided chest pain and shortness of breath  PR96, RR 33, BP 125/85, Oxygen saturation 88% RA  CXR as shown ...
American College of Cardiology/European Society of Cardiology
American College of Cardiology/European Society of Cardiology

... (e.g., hypertension or aortic stenosis) capable of producing the magnitude of hypertrophy evident, and independent of whether or not LV outflow obstruction is present.1,5,7,36 Although the usual clinical diagnostic criteria for HCM is a maximal wall thickness greater than or equal to 15 mm, genotype ...
Ask Doctor Clarke
Ask Doctor Clarke

... Ask Doctor Clarke in association with BMA Careers ...
cardiology
cardiology

... 2=exercise limiting]). Low risk 5 (4-year survival 98–99%), moderate risk –10 to +4, high risk –11 (4-year survival 71–79%)  DIPYRIDAMOLE/ADENOSINE MIBI—dipyridamole (Persantine) causes vasodilation. In CAD, the coronary artery is already maximally dilated to compensate, so addition of dipyridamo ...
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy



Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any obvious cause, creating functional impairment of the cardiac muscle. It is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.The occurrence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a significant cause of sudden unexpected cardiac death in any age group and as a cause of disabling cardiac symptoms. Younger people are likely to have a more severe form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.HCM is frequently asymptomatic until sudden cardiac death, and for this reason some suggest routinely screening certain populations for this disease.A cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the muscle of the heart. With HCM, the myocytes (cardiac contractile cells) in the heart increase in size, which results in the thickening of the heart muscle. In addition, the normal alignment of muscle cells is disrupted, a phenomenon known as myocardial disarray. HCM also causes disruptions of the electrical functions of the heart. HCM is most commonly due to a mutation in one of nine sarcomeric genes that results in a mutated protein in the sarcomere, the primary component of the myocyte (the muscle cell of the heart). These are predominantly single-point missense mutations in the genes for beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC), myosin-binding protein C, cardiac troponinT, or tropomyosin. These mutations cause myofibril and myocyte structural abnormalities and possible deficiencies in force generation. Not to be confused with dilated cardiomyopathy or any other cardiomyopathy.While most literature so far focuses on European, American, and Japanese populations, HCM appears in all ethnic groups. The prevalence of HCM is about 0.2% to 0.5% of the general population.
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