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The visceral pericardium: macromolecular structure and contribution
The visceral pericardium: macromolecular structure and contribution

... photographing the opening angle was ⬍30 min. Microscopic examination and optical characterization. For twophoton excitation microscopy, small fresh tissue samples (⬍1 cm3) were collected from LV slices by dissection. Micrograph images were typically collected as a series of x-y planes as a function ...
Harnessing real-time 3D cardiac images
Harnessing real-time 3D cardiac images

... taken a week or two before the procedure,” he says. Dr. Orlov acknowledges that due to scheduling and insurance issues, CT scans may not be very recent, and may have been acquired at locations with less sensitive CT scanners. Since the 3D atriography images are acquired with the patient positioned o ...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with extreme increase in left
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with extreme increase in left

... (8 wave in lead VI or Vz, 27 ± 15 mm; R wave in lead v, or V" 21 ± 9 mm). The clinical course was variable in 30 patients who were followed up for at least 1 year (mean 6 years). ...
the pregnant patient with pulmonary artery hypertension
the pregnant patient with pulmonary artery hypertension

... diseases, and liver disease; electrocardiography (ECG); arterial blood gas measurements; X-rays of the chest (followed by high-resolution CT scanning if interstitial lung disease is suspected); and ventilation-perfusion or V/Q scanning to exclude chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Thorac ...
Tetralogy of Fallot with Anomalous Left Anterior Descending
Tetralogy of Fallot with Anomalous Left Anterior Descending

... of the right ventricular outflow tracts.16 Xenografts though offer off- the- shelf privileges, continue to be expensive. However, the probability of many re-operations for conduit replacement and the risk for ischemia due to compression of the coronary artery by the conduit are major disadvantages o ...
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis to Prevent Aortic Root and
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis to Prevent Aortic Root and

... some may not be practical in the clinical setting. If possible the cannula should be as low as possible. A widget at the level of the inflow aortic wall junction may be of benefit to direct blood toward the aortic root to prevent stasis. If an indwelling cannula is used, a curved one with a fenestra ...
Pulmonary Artery Acceleration Time Provides an Accurate Estimate
Pulmonary Artery Acceleration Time Provides an Accurate Estimate

... of 500) did not have sufficient TR to measure TRVmax. One individual was excluded from analysis because of the presence of significant pulmonary valve stenosis. As such, 371 individuals were retained in the final analysis. In the final cohort (n = 317), the mean age was 63 6 17 years (range, 17–96 y ...
Linköping University Post Print Computer-assisted determination of left ventricular endocardial borders reduces
Linköping University Post Print Computer-assisted determination of left ventricular endocardial borders reduces

... upon measures of volume and LVEF, not to mention decisions on resynchronisation therapy, implantation of cardiac defibrillators and monitoring of anti-neoplastic drug treatment [1-4]. The measurement of cardiac volumes and ejection fraction should be accurate and reproducible, easy to use, affordabl ...
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

... ability to mimic both ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), especially in post-menopausal women and following stressful situations. Because of this, it is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis for patients p ...
Prognostic Implications of Left Ventricular Mass and Geometry
Prognostic Implications of Left Ventricular Mass and Geometry

... cluded before analysis because of insufficient echocardiographic images and 603 patients were available at baseline for quantitative echocardiographic analysis. The LV endocardial borders were manually traced at end diastole and end systole at the mitral and papillary short axis level and apical 4- ...
51st Annual Meeting of the Association for European
51st Annual Meeting of the Association for European

... The Conference Organisers have taken all reasonable care in making arrangements for the Conference. In the event of unforeseen disruptions, neither AEPC nor their agents can be held responsible for any losses or damages incurred by delegates. The programme is correct at the time of printing, but org ...
Chick Embryo - Circulation Research
Chick Embryo - Circulation Research

... of atrial contraction. This sequence depends on electrical isolation between the chambers and the time delay of atrioventricular node depolarization. These structures are not present in the embryonic heart, and no electrical isolation exists between the atria and ventricles.21 Simultaneous atrial an ...
The Pathophysiology Of Pulmonary Hypertension
The Pathophysiology Of Pulmonary Hypertension

... these thromboses can yield pulmonary infarcts and thus, pleural effusion with lung collapse, and since this decreases the blood flow through the affected part, an additional strain on the right ventricle is imposed. Certain changes are peculiar to certain conditions. In mitral stenosis, congestion, ...
PDF (Thesis_Part2)
PDF (Thesis_Part2)

... Chapter 2 provides essential background information for the research presented. We review heart development in vertebrates and explain why zebrafish are the model system of choice to study dynamic cardiac function. We provide evidence that hemodynamic forces contribute to normal and abnormal heart d ...
The TEE imaging planes
The TEE imaging planes

... Computer technology has evolved the world of visual reality. In the virtual TEE simulator, students have the ability to manipulate the flexible TEE probe, see the resulting movement of the corresponding scan planes on a 3-dimensional heart model, and view the ultrasound image obtained from that scan ...
What happens to broken hearts?
What happens to broken hearts?

...  They are located in the Locus Ceruleus and the adrenal medulla  They can cause an increase in:  heart rate, cardiac contractility as well as vascular smooth muscle contraction ...
Evaluation of Ejection Fraction in Patients with cardiac
Evaluation of Ejection Fraction in Patients with cardiac

... LVESV measured by 2DE and 3DE with CRT device off were 159 ml and 174 ml respectively. With CRT device on, LVESV by 2DE and 3DE was 147 ml and 155 ml. There was 7.54% fall in LVESV when CRT device was on as compared to device off. which is less than 15% value, an echocardiographic marker of success ...
Experimental Models of Spontaneous Ventricular Arrhythmias and of
Experimental Models of Spontaneous Ventricular Arrhythmias and of

... cardiac death, coronary artery disease is present and sudden cardiac death can be the first manifestation of this disease. The prevalence of sudden cardiac death is also higher in cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic, dilated, right ventricle). The risk factors for sudden cardiac death therefore correspond ...
Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction with Right Ventricular
Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction with Right Ventricular

... Volume resuscitation with saline solution is the therapeutic aim of maintaining pre-load based on prior studies. This has been adopted for several years now as an initial therapeutic measure (6,7,8). However, recent studies have shown adverse effects related to excess of volume resuscitation. Severa ...
Cryoablation Lesion with Atrial Arrhythmia after Fontan Operation
Cryoablation Lesion with Atrial Arrhythmia after Fontan Operation

... and stepwise adaptation of ventricular geometry to the reduction in volume load • The bidirectional Glenn procedure with additional pulmonary blood flow may provide patients with higher oxygen saturation and more growth of pulmonary arteries than BDG without APF. • However, there are disadvantages t ...
Origin of the Right Pulmonary Artery from the Ascending Aorta
Origin of the Right Pulmonary Artery from the Ascending Aorta

... Postoperative study June 1, 1960. The increased vasculature has returned to normal. The heart has decreased in size. poorly developed, poorly nourished, and unable to sit without support. The lungs were clear. The heart rate was 136 per minute and regular. There was a forward bulge of the precordium ...
Left ventricular preload reserve in preterm infants with patent ductus
Left ventricular preload reserve in preterm infants with patent ductus

... significantly milder in preterm infants than geometric method, because it is more accurate in fullterm ones. to estimate neonatal left ventricular volume There was also a linear correlation between with distortion due to the relatively high right the LVEDV/BW and the cardiac output/BW in ventricular ...
infarction: a corollary to infarct expansion
infarction: a corollary to infarct expansion

... conclude that in patients who manifest cardiac dilatation in the early convalescent period after myocardial infarction, there is remodeling of the entire left ventricle including infarct expansion of akineticdyskinetic segments and volume-overload hypertrophy of noninfarcted segments. The magnitude ...
Accuracy of Chest Radiography plus Electrocardiogram in
Accuracy of Chest Radiography plus Electrocardiogram in

... arterial hypertension3,4 do not clarify whether chest radiograph is necessary in the initial approach to hypertensive patients, neither how it should be done, if with one or two views. The cost of applying Echo to the whole population of hypertensive patients is excessively high for poor countries w ...
Atresia of the Coronary Sinus Ostium to the Right Atrium with a
Atresia of the Coronary Sinus Ostium to the Right Atrium with a

... SUMMARY: The coronary sinus has lately assumed an important role in the cardiologic clinic once it has been widely used in invasive procedures of the heart. Commonly, it is used during the electrodes implants for the epimiocardic monitoring of the cardiac rhythm, through a biventricular pace maker. ...
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Mitral insufficiency



Mitral insufficiency (MI), mitral regurgitation or mitral incompetence is a disorder of the heart in which the mitral valve does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood. It is the abnormal leaking of blood backwards from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts, i.e. there is regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium. MI is the most common form of valvular heart disease.
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