The Action Potential
... opposite directions. This is called a "spatial sum".It can happen also that two successive stimuli, separated from each other by a very short interval of time, occur at the same point in the membrane.Then, before the local potential caused by the first stimulus returns to normal, the second stimulus ...
... opposite directions. This is called a "spatial sum".It can happen also that two successive stimuli, separated from each other by a very short interval of time, occur at the same point in the membrane.Then, before the local potential caused by the first stimulus returns to normal, the second stimulus ...
Peripheral Nervous System Structure of a Nerve Cranial Nerves
... FIGURE 7.21 Distribution of cranial nerves. Sensory nerves are shown in blue, motor nerves in red. Although cranial nerves III, IV, and VI have sensory fibers, these are not shown because the sensory fibers account for only minor parts of these nerves. Left member of cranial nerve XI. ...
... FIGURE 7.21 Distribution of cranial nerves. Sensory nerves are shown in blue, motor nerves in red. Although cranial nerves III, IV, and VI have sensory fibers, these are not shown because the sensory fibers account for only minor parts of these nerves. Left member of cranial nerve XI. ...
Mathematical neuroscience: from neurons to circuits to systems
... positive charge. Diffusive forces drive Kþ out of the cell. The subsequent loss of positive ions leads to a net negative charge inside the membrane. The resulting electrical force attracts positive ions, including those attached to Kþ , back into the cell. The resting potential, also called the equil ...
... positive charge. Diffusive forces drive Kþ out of the cell. The subsequent loss of positive ions leads to a net negative charge inside the membrane. The resulting electrical force attracts positive ions, including those attached to Kþ , back into the cell. The resting potential, also called the equil ...
Physiol. Res. 49: 000
... (without noise) and stochastic (with implemented channel and thermal noise) axons by stimulating with postsynaptic pulses. By this mode of stimulation the values of σs,e were many times higher than those by stimulating with regular rectangular pulses. (E) The values of σs,e by stimulating with posts ...
... (without noise) and stochastic (with implemented channel and thermal noise) axons by stimulating with postsynaptic pulses. By this mode of stimulation the values of σs,e were many times higher than those by stimulating with regular rectangular pulses. (E) The values of σs,e by stimulating with posts ...
PDF
... rostrocaudal levels, we present all analysis as the difference between the electroporated and non-electroporated hemispheres. We electroporated wild-type E12.5 embryos and analyzed the brains at E14.5. We observed that upon Ntf3 overexpression there was a vast expansion in the proportion of Tbr2+ B ...
... rostrocaudal levels, we present all analysis as the difference between the electroporated and non-electroporated hemispheres. We electroporated wild-type E12.5 embryos and analyzed the brains at E14.5. We observed that upon Ntf3 overexpression there was a vast expansion in the proportion of Tbr2+ B ...
6 - Coach Eikrem's Website
... where the myelin sheath acts as an insulator • Saltatory conduction – action potentials jump over myelinated regions of the axon ...
... where the myelin sheath acts as an insulator • Saltatory conduction – action potentials jump over myelinated regions of the axon ...
Axo-axonic synapses formed by somatostatin
... inputs to the axon initial segment are of particular interest because of their role in the suppression of action potentials (Miles et al. [1996] Neuron 16:815:823). Synapses on axon initial segments are morphologically heterogeneous (Peters and Harriman [1990] J. Neurocytol. 19:154 –174), and some t ...
... inputs to the axon initial segment are of particular interest because of their role in the suppression of action potentials (Miles et al. [1996] Neuron 16:815:823). Synapses on axon initial segments are morphologically heterogeneous (Peters and Harriman [1990] J. Neurocytol. 19:154 –174), and some t ...
5.4.1 Coordinated Movement
... The excitatory and conductive fibres contract feebly. Their main function is to conduct electrical impulses and control the cardiac cycle. The sinoatrial node is the excitatory and conductive tissue, in the wall of the right atrium. This tissue is myogenic. It is self-exciting and able to contract o ...
... The excitatory and conductive fibres contract feebly. Their main function is to conduct electrical impulses and control the cardiac cycle. The sinoatrial node is the excitatory and conductive tissue, in the wall of the right atrium. This tissue is myogenic. It is self-exciting and able to contract o ...
Study guide (Word Document)
... Be able to identify the following structures on the neuron models (and be able to describe the function of each): o dendrites o axon o axon hillock o Nissl bodies o nucleus o myelin o node of Ranvier o nucleus of Schwann cell Be able to identify the following structures on the spine cross section mo ...
... Be able to identify the following structures on the neuron models (and be able to describe the function of each): o dendrites o axon o axon hillock o Nissl bodies o nucleus o myelin o node of Ranvier o nucleus of Schwann cell Be able to identify the following structures on the spine cross section mo ...
MyoTrac Single Channel Biofeedback
... The MyoScan Sensor improves sensitivity in the presence of low nerve activity because it is designed with a preamplifier (preamp) in the sensing head. The preamp boosts the signal at the skin surface, allowing detection of a much lower EMG signal. Using surface EMG Biofeedback, the baseline, resting ...
... The MyoScan Sensor improves sensitivity in the presence of low nerve activity because it is designed with a preamplifier (preamp) in the sensing head. The preamp boosts the signal at the skin surface, allowing detection of a much lower EMG signal. Using surface EMG Biofeedback, the baseline, resting ...
1 The Brain and Behavior
... Two Opposing Views Have Been Advanced on the Relationship Between Brain and Behavior Our current views about nerve cells, the brain, and behavior have emerged over the last century from a convergence of five experimental traditions: anatomy, embryology, physiology, pharmacology, and psychology. Befo ...
... Two Opposing Views Have Been Advanced on the Relationship Between Brain and Behavior Our current views about nerve cells, the brain, and behavior have emerged over the last century from a convergence of five experimental traditions: anatomy, embryology, physiology, pharmacology, and psychology. Befo ...
PDF
... postsynapses either by baseline oscillatory neuronal activities or by an external sensory (cue) stimulus (Figure 3). Let the set of all combinations (for the spatial summation of EPSPs) and permutations (for the temporal summation of EPSPs) of the neurons in neuronal order 7 whose activity through n ...
... postsynapses either by baseline oscillatory neuronal activities or by an external sensory (cue) stimulus (Figure 3). Let the set of all combinations (for the spatial summation of EPSPs) and permutations (for the temporal summation of EPSPs) of the neurons in neuronal order 7 whose activity through n ...
Chapter 30
... I. Three types of muscles iii. Skeletal muscle a. Voluntary (intentional physical movement; somatic NS) b. Muscle cell = single, large, multinucleated fiber c. striated - actin and myosin have clear organized arrays d. Stimulated by nerves at neuromuscular synapses e. Action potential in cell stimul ...
... I. Three types of muscles iii. Skeletal muscle a. Voluntary (intentional physical movement; somatic NS) b. Muscle cell = single, large, multinucleated fiber c. striated - actin and myosin have clear organized arrays d. Stimulated by nerves at neuromuscular synapses e. Action potential in cell stimul ...
Post-Operative Time Effects after Sciatic Nerve Crush on the
... most conspicuous phenomena that occur in response to injuries. In this research, the effects of postoperative time following sciatic nerve crush on the number of spinal motoneurons were investigated. Twelve adult male Wistar rats, whose left sciatic nerves were highly compressed for 30 s, assigned t ...
... most conspicuous phenomena that occur in response to injuries. In this research, the effects of postoperative time following sciatic nerve crush on the number of spinal motoneurons were investigated. Twelve adult male Wistar rats, whose left sciatic nerves were highly compressed for 30 s, assigned t ...
Applying Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation to the Study of Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity in Neural Networks
... physiologically accurate than the similar, but more complex, Hodgkin Huxley model, the FN model’s simplicity to implement and accurate mimicking of general neural spiking behavior make it an ideal first choice for the purposes of generating a neural micro-network. The specific FN model used here was ...
... physiologically accurate than the similar, but more complex, Hodgkin Huxley model, the FN model’s simplicity to implement and accurate mimicking of general neural spiking behavior make it an ideal first choice for the purposes of generating a neural micro-network. The specific FN model used here was ...
The Somatosensory System: Receptors and Central Pathways
... sensory coding was first studied electrophysiologically. Somatic information is provided by receptors distributed throughout the body. One of the earliest investigators of the bodily senses, Charles Sherrington, noted that the somatosensory system serves three major functions: proprioception, extero ...
... sensory coding was first studied electrophysiologically. Somatic information is provided by receptors distributed throughout the body. One of the earliest investigators of the bodily senses, Charles Sherrington, noted that the somatosensory system serves three major functions: proprioception, extero ...
document
... FIGURE 29.7 Somatotopic maps in M1. (A) Map by Woolsey et al. (1952) in which each figurine represents in black and gray the body parts that moved a lot or a little, respectively, when the cortical surface at that site was stimulated. In addition to the primary representation on the convexity, thei ...
... FIGURE 29.7 Somatotopic maps in M1. (A) Map by Woolsey et al. (1952) in which each figurine represents in black and gray the body parts that moved a lot or a little, respectively, when the cortical surface at that site was stimulated. In addition to the primary representation on the convexity, thei ...
Physiology of Behavior
... resistance pushes the endolymph against the cupula, causing it to bend, until the fluid begins to move at the same speed as the head. If the head rotation is then stopped, the endolymph, still circulating through the canal, pushes the cupula the other way. Angular acceleration is thus translated int ...
... resistance pushes the endolymph against the cupula, causing it to bend, until the fluid begins to move at the same speed as the head. If the head rotation is then stopped, the endolymph, still circulating through the canal, pushes the cupula the other way. Angular acceleration is thus translated int ...
Nissl substance and cellular structures involved in the intraneuronal
... envelope is interrupted (Fig.4,5). Glial cytoplasm contains much less dictyosomes than MRN and vesicles seldom contact to glial membranes exposed to the neuroglial cleft. Hence, the level of exocytosis from glial cells is low (Fig.47). Although the vesicular transport of macromolecules between MRN a ...
... envelope is interrupted (Fig.4,5). Glial cytoplasm contains much less dictyosomes than MRN and vesicles seldom contact to glial membranes exposed to the neuroglial cleft. Hence, the level of exocytosis from glial cells is low (Fig.47). Although the vesicular transport of macromolecules between MRN a ...
Cerebellar Control of Defense Reactions under Orexin
... cross-sectional area of the flocculus ([10], Table S1). It appears that, whereas mossy fibers and climbing fibers form neuron-to-neuron-specific connections, beaded fibers convey information diffusely to determine the general activity or the mode of operation of their target neurons. This is the man ...
... cross-sectional area of the flocculus ([10], Table S1). It appears that, whereas mossy fibers and climbing fibers form neuron-to-neuron-specific connections, beaded fibers convey information diffusely to determine the general activity or the mode of operation of their target neurons. This is the man ...
The mechanical control of nervous system development
... Progress often depends on the availability of appropriate methodology. Only recently has the increasing involvement of physical and engineering approaches in interdisciplinary studies of biological systems led to the development of new techniques and conceptual approaches that can be used to quantit ...
... Progress often depends on the availability of appropriate methodology. Only recently has the increasing involvement of physical and engineering approaches in interdisciplinary studies of biological systems led to the development of new techniques and conceptual approaches that can be used to quantit ...
hydroxytryptamine-containing neurons in the snail Effect of
... days of life. This increase correlated with the development of ganglionic synaptic junctions and could be prevented by decentralization. Our present findings support the hypothesis that a trans-synaptic stimulus is responsible for the biochemical maturation of these ganglia, and furthermore suggest ...
... days of life. This increase correlated with the development of ganglionic synaptic junctions and could be prevented by decentralization. Our present findings support the hypothesis that a trans-synaptic stimulus is responsible for the biochemical maturation of these ganglia, and furthermore suggest ...
synaptic connections of morphologically identified and
... axo n, however, was recovered from the third basket cell. The lateral spread of the axons of the first two basket cells was 900 I'm or more in laye r III and, for the third cell, was over 1500 I'm in the antero-posterior dimension, a value indicating that the latter neuron probably fulfill s the fir ...
... axo n, however, was recovered from the third basket cell. The lateral spread of the axons of the first two basket cells was 900 I'm or more in laye r III and, for the third cell, was over 1500 I'm in the antero-posterior dimension, a value indicating that the latter neuron probably fulfill s the fir ...
Spinal Cord Physiology PPT
... • The anterior white commissure connects the white matter on right and left sides • The ventral and dorsal gray horns divide the white matter into the ventral white columns, dorsal white columns, and lateral white columns ...
... • The anterior white commissure connects the white matter on right and left sides • The ventral and dorsal gray horns divide the white matter into the ventral white columns, dorsal white columns, and lateral white columns ...
