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MPN test for water - World Health Organization
... Culture methods Continuous bacterial culture Maintain a bacterial population at a constant density •Keeping a constant environment (oxygen, nutrient etc.) •Imitates the growth in the environment ...
... Culture methods Continuous bacterial culture Maintain a bacterial population at a constant density •Keeping a constant environment (oxygen, nutrient etc.) •Imitates the growth in the environment ...
PowerPoint
... • Potency of a disinfectant is compared to that of phenol • Useful for screening but may be misleading – Phenol has a residual effectiveness – Protocol involves adding disinfectant and organism to the same tube which is different than how disinfectants are really used ...
... • Potency of a disinfectant is compared to that of phenol • Useful for screening but may be misleading – Phenol has a residual effectiveness – Protocol involves adding disinfectant and organism to the same tube which is different than how disinfectants are really used ...
Human cultures and microbial ecosystems
... be entirely unnecessary to the cells growing in isolated laboratory conditions—single deletions from the E. coli genome has no effect on how well the cells can grow in rich media7. It’s likely that many of these seemingly unnecessary genes are actually used by the bacteria in their more natural cont ...
... be entirely unnecessary to the cells growing in isolated laboratory conditions—single deletions from the E. coli genome has no effect on how well the cells can grow in rich media7. It’s likely that many of these seemingly unnecessary genes are actually used by the bacteria in their more natural cont ...
1 Introduction - Libreria Universo
... of child-care facilities have contributed to the transmission of infectious diseases. The use of new medical devices and invasive procedures, organ or tissue transplantation, widespread use of antibiotics and drugs causing immunosuppression have also been instrumental in the emergence of illness due ...
... of child-care facilities have contributed to the transmission of infectious diseases. The use of new medical devices and invasive procedures, organ or tissue transplantation, widespread use of antibiotics and drugs causing immunosuppression have also been instrumental in the emergence of illness due ...
Science Concept Cartoons
... some are actually helpful. Your digestive system has bacteria in it that help us digest our food, so these are useful bacteria. Some bacteria can cause illness, disease and even death. Your skin acts as a barrier to bacteria, but when you cut yourself they can enter your body and reproduce. They can ...
... some are actually helpful. Your digestive system has bacteria in it that help us digest our food, so these are useful bacteria. Some bacteria can cause illness, disease and even death. Your skin acts as a barrier to bacteria, but when you cut yourself they can enter your body and reproduce. They can ...
the_search_for_better_health_-_part_2 - HSC Guru
... for the number of bacteria to double is known as the generation time. This varies for different species and is between 10 minutes and 24 hours. This means that many bacteria can be produced in short space of time. Some bacteria are beneficial whereas others are not. Those that aren’t release toxins ...
... for the number of bacteria to double is known as the generation time. This varies for different species and is between 10 minutes and 24 hours. This means that many bacteria can be produced in short space of time. Some bacteria are beneficial whereas others are not. Those that aren’t release toxins ...
Microorganisms
... Students may think there were no effective treatments for diseases because they were undiagnosed in the past – but anti-infective agents been used for thousands of years. The Chinese recognized that mouldy soybean curd was effective against skin infections. Scabies was treated with sulfur. Mercury w ...
... Students may think there were no effective treatments for diseases because they were undiagnosed in the past – but anti-infective agents been used for thousands of years. The Chinese recognized that mouldy soybean curd was effective against skin infections. Scabies was treated with sulfur. Mercury w ...
Lactobacilli for prevention of urogenital
... there was a strong advantage of the newly appeared variant. This possibility of genetic adaptation or in vivo selection of probiotic bacteria is an area of interest for our group. We assume that artificial colonization is possible and that in vitro analyses will allow us to construct methods for sel ...
... there was a strong advantage of the newly appeared variant. This possibility of genetic adaptation or in vivo selection of probiotic bacteria is an area of interest for our group. We assume that artificial colonization is possible and that in vitro analyses will allow us to construct methods for sel ...
Microbiology Lab Manual
... cells, or clones. This contrasts with the products of meiosis that produce genetic variability and offspring with completely new combinations of genes. Genetic changes in bacteria changes are often associated with factors that increase pathogenicity by equipping the bacteria with additional abilitie ...
... cells, or clones. This contrasts with the products of meiosis that produce genetic variability and offspring with completely new combinations of genes. Genetic changes in bacteria changes are often associated with factors that increase pathogenicity by equipping the bacteria with additional abilitie ...
W.003a SINGLE-BACTERIA CONFOCAL SPECTROSCOPY
... Single molecule spectroscopy provides a novel and highly sensitive approach to monitoring bacteria growth. By coupling continuous single-bacteria detection with in-line incubation and growth, we were able to monitor the growth of bacteria during a 30-minute incubation period, which is substantially ...
... Single molecule spectroscopy provides a novel and highly sensitive approach to monitoring bacteria growth. By coupling continuous single-bacteria detection with in-line incubation and growth, we were able to monitor the growth of bacteria during a 30-minute incubation period, which is substantially ...
Total Coliforms
... A. Total coliforms include bacteria that are found in the soil, in water that has been influenced by surface water, and in human or animal waste. B. Faecal coliforms are the group of the total coliforms that are considered to be present specifically in the gut and faeces of warm-blooded animals. Bec ...
... A. Total coliforms include bacteria that are found in the soil, in water that has been influenced by surface water, and in human or animal waste. B. Faecal coliforms are the group of the total coliforms that are considered to be present specifically in the gut and faeces of warm-blooded animals. Bec ...
7 Gram Positive Bacteria
... • Primarily a disease of herbivores, but humans can contract the disease from infected animals • Humans contract the bacteria via one of three routes • Inhalation of spores • Inoculation of spores into the body through a break in the skin • Ingestion of spores ...
... • Primarily a disease of herbivores, but humans can contract the disease from infected animals • Humans contract the bacteria via one of three routes • Inhalation of spores • Inoculation of spores into the body through a break in the skin • Ingestion of spores ...
PharmacoDynamics
... “Acid-loving” – prefer pH around 2-3.5 Thiobacillus (requires low pH for growth) “Neutral-loving” – prefer pH around 6-8 “Basic-loving” – prefer pH around 8.5-10.5 Neutrophiles (b/c the human body pH is around 7 or neutral) 6.) “Salt-loving” – require some NaCl for growth 7.) The time it takes for a ...
... “Acid-loving” – prefer pH around 2-3.5 Thiobacillus (requires low pH for growth) “Neutral-loving” – prefer pH around 6-8 “Basic-loving” – prefer pH around 8.5-10.5 Neutrophiles (b/c the human body pH is around 7 or neutral) 6.) “Salt-loving” – require some NaCl for growth 7.) The time it takes for a ...
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... • Copyright holders of content included in this material should contact [email protected] with any questions, corrections, or clarification regarding the use of content. • For more information about how to cite these materials visit http://open.umich.edu/education/about/terms-of-use. • Any med ...
... • Copyright holders of content included in this material should contact [email protected] with any questions, corrections, or clarification regarding the use of content. • For more information about how to cite these materials visit http://open.umich.edu/education/about/terms-of-use. • Any med ...
PROKARTOTES
... Subgroup: Gamma Proteobacteria • Examples include sulfur bacteria such as Chromatium and pathogens such as Legionella, Salmonella, and Vibrio cholerae • Escherichia coli resides in the intestines of many mammals and is not normally pathogenic ...
... Subgroup: Gamma Proteobacteria • Examples include sulfur bacteria such as Chromatium and pathogens such as Legionella, Salmonella, and Vibrio cholerae • Escherichia coli resides in the intestines of many mammals and is not normally pathogenic ...
1. Infection Important Disease Terminology 12/1/2015 Chapter 14:
... A reservoir of infection is a continual source of pathogen from which it can spread: • in between “outbreaks” the pathogen must exist somewhere (unless it’s been eradicated entirely) • common reservoirs of infection include: ...
... A reservoir of infection is a continual source of pathogen from which it can spread: • in between “outbreaks” the pathogen must exist somewhere (unless it’s been eradicated entirely) • common reservoirs of infection include: ...
1 Pathogens and the Immune System “The War Begins” The Enemy
... What is the function of chemical mediators? Describe the parts of the specific defense and what they do. Know the parts of the diagram at the end of this handout. Explain what happens to AIDS patients and the immune system relative to that diagram. Know and describe all 5 mechanisms of antibody acti ...
... What is the function of chemical mediators? Describe the parts of the specific defense and what they do. Know the parts of the diagram at the end of this handout. Explain what happens to AIDS patients and the immune system relative to that diagram. Know and describe all 5 mechanisms of antibody acti ...
Viral Diseases Chart
... Probiotic bacteria; use up resources so harmful bacteria go without; maintain acidic environment which discourages growth of harmful bacteria; control yeast infections; found in yogurt; killed by antibiotics Streptococcus mutans is leading cause; uses sugars to create lactic acid which dissolves min ...
... Probiotic bacteria; use up resources so harmful bacteria go without; maintain acidic environment which discourages growth of harmful bacteria; control yeast infections; found in yogurt; killed by antibiotics Streptococcus mutans is leading cause; uses sugars to create lactic acid which dissolves min ...
9a BacterialGrpsToKnow
... Long, thin, helical cells. Movement by axial filaments. Enterics Facultatively anaerobic (can live without oxygen, (Family otherwise grows with oxygen). Grows in human Enterobacteriaceae) intestinal tract Gram negative aerobic rods Rod and coccus shapes, lives in soil, water, and and cocci are paras ...
... Long, thin, helical cells. Movement by axial filaments. Enterics Facultatively anaerobic (can live without oxygen, (Family otherwise grows with oxygen). Grows in human Enterobacteriaceae) intestinal tract Gram negative aerobic rods Rod and coccus shapes, lives in soil, water, and and cocci are paras ...
109 Maintenance 3
... in Physiology or Medicine, 1908) observed the positive role of bacteria and suggested that it would be possible to modify the gut flora (symbiotic microorganisms in digestive tract), and to replace harmful microbes by useful microbes. • Probiotics (FAO/WHO) = live microorganisms which when administe ...
... in Physiology or Medicine, 1908) observed the positive role of bacteria and suggested that it would be possible to modify the gut flora (symbiotic microorganisms in digestive tract), and to replace harmful microbes by useful microbes. • Probiotics (FAO/WHO) = live microorganisms which when administe ...
Full Highlight - BioEnergy Science Center
... core genomes has expanded our concept of species. • New technologies allow science to begin filling the unculturable branches of the microbial tree of life. • As demonstrated by the E. coli genome, the core set of genes levels off quickly (at ~3100 gene families), while the pan-genome continues to g ...
... core genomes has expanded our concept of species. • New technologies allow science to begin filling the unculturable branches of the microbial tree of life. • As demonstrated by the E. coli genome, the core set of genes levels off quickly (at ~3100 gene families), while the pan-genome continues to g ...
CNS Infections I
... Function: inhibit passage of microbes, antibodies and some antimicrobial drugs Mechanism: tight junctions (zonula occludens) between endothelial (BBB) and epithelial cells (BCB) However, microbes may traverse these barriers: o Infect cells that compromise the barrier o Passive transport across in in ...
... Function: inhibit passage of microbes, antibodies and some antimicrobial drugs Mechanism: tight junctions (zonula occludens) between endothelial (BBB) and epithelial cells (BCB) However, microbes may traverse these barriers: o Infect cells that compromise the barrier o Passive transport across in in ...
Pre-exposure of Corneal Epithelial Cells to Human Tear Fluid
... corneal epithelia in vitro and protects them against P. aeruginosa invasion, cytotoxicity and translocation but only retards the growth of some P. aeruginosa strains. However, we have also found that if a murine eye is removed and suspended in bacteria without tear fluid, the corneal epithelium rema ...
... corneal epithelia in vitro and protects them against P. aeruginosa invasion, cytotoxicity and translocation but only retards the growth of some P. aeruginosa strains. However, we have also found that if a murine eye is removed and suspended in bacteria without tear fluid, the corneal epithelium rema ...
Ulcerative Colitis (an IBD): An ulceroinflammatory disease limited to
... PUD: Chronic, often solitary lesions of the mucosa; most common in the doudenum, then stomach (98%in one or the other) - produced by an imbalance b/w mucosal defense mechanisms and damaging forces (i.e. PG’s, bicarb, regen. vs acidity, enzymes.) most important factors are H. pylori & NSAIDS (this ba ...
... PUD: Chronic, often solitary lesions of the mucosa; most common in the doudenum, then stomach (98%in one or the other) - produced by an imbalance b/w mucosal defense mechanisms and damaging forces (i.e. PG’s, bicarb, regen. vs acidity, enzymes.) most important factors are H. pylori & NSAIDS (this ba ...
Human microbiota
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Skin_Microbiome20169-300.jpg?width=300)
The human microbiota is the aggregate of microorganisms, a microbiome that resides on the surface and in deep layers of skin (including in mammary glands), in the saliva and oral mucosa, in the conjunctiva, and in the gastrointestinal tracts. They include bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Micro-animals which live on the human body are excluded. The human microbiome refer to their genomes.One study indicated they outnumber human cells 10 to 1. Some of these organisms perform tasks that are useful for the human host. However, the majority have been too poorly researched for us to understand the role they play, however communities of microflora have been shown to change their behavior in diseased individuals. Those that are expected to be present, and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease, but instead participate in maintaining health, are deemed members of the normal flora. Though widely known as microflora, this is a misnomer in technical terms, since the word root flora pertains to plants, and biota refers to the total collection of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Recently, the more appropriate term microbiota is applied, though its use has not eclipsed the entrenched use and recognition of flora with regard to bacteria and other microorganisms. Both terms are being used in different literature.Studies in 2009 questioned whether the decline in biota (including microfauna) as a result of human intervention might impede human health.Most of the microbes associated with humans appear to be not harmful at all, but rather assist in maintaining processes necessary for a healthy body. A surprising finding was that at specific sites on the body, a different set of microbes may perform the same function for different people. For example, on the tongues of two people, two entirely different sets of organisms will break down sugars in the same way. This suggests that medical science may be forced to abandon the ""one only"" microbe model of infectious disease, and rather pay attention to functions of groups of microbes that have somehow gone awry.