![population dynamics of two species of kleptoparasitic spiders](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/004102819_1-09a08b4495be33d3bdfaf70ce159b435-300x300.png)
population dynamics of two species of kleptoparasitic spiders
... Argyrodes found on the spider webs with calipers. Because it was difficult to know the stage of Argyrodes in the field, I used body length as an indicator for the stage and determined the smallest size of adults, viz., 3 mm for A. flavescens and 2.5 mm for A. bonadea. In this study, web areas of hos ...
... Argyrodes found on the spider webs with calipers. Because it was difficult to know the stage of Argyrodes in the field, I used body length as an indicator for the stage and determined the smallest size of adults, viz., 3 mm for A. flavescens and 2.5 mm for A. bonadea. In this study, web areas of hos ...
Number 6 - Arthur Haines
... group of orchids in the northeast. The large lower petal (called the labellum) has inrolled margins, creating a saccate structure that gives some species of this group their common name—lady slipper. The North American yellow-flowered lady slippers (Figure 1) have undergone numerous nomenclatural ch ...
... group of orchids in the northeast. The large lower petal (called the labellum) has inrolled margins, creating a saccate structure that gives some species of this group their common name—lady slipper. The North American yellow-flowered lady slippers (Figure 1) have undergone numerous nomenclatural ch ...
The seedling as part of a plant`s life history strategy
... Johnson, 1994; Jakobsson & Eriksson, 2000; Aarssen & Jordan, 2001; Henery & Westoby, 2001). The trade-off between the size and number of offspring produced for a given amount of energy gives smallseeded species an initial advantage over large-seeded species. However on average, all adult plants must ...
... Johnson, 1994; Jakobsson & Eriksson, 2000; Aarssen & Jordan, 2001; Henery & Westoby, 2001). The trade-off between the size and number of offspring produced for a given amount of energy gives smallseeded species an initial advantage over large-seeded species. However on average, all adult plants must ...
taraxacum officinale pollen depresses seed set of montane
... pollen on the seed set of focal plant species that receive Taraxacum pollen in the field. To search for candidate species, we sampled stigmas of seven plant species that flowered with and grew near Taraxacum. We collected stigmas from 10 plants of each species across multiple sites. The stigmas were ...
... pollen on the seed set of focal plant species that receive Taraxacum pollen in the field. To search for candidate species, we sampled stigmas of seven plant species that flowered with and grew near Taraxacum. We collected stigmas from 10 plants of each species across multiple sites. The stigmas were ...
04
... Pigs would have been able to get into Makua this way but the fence prevented that and they stayed along the fence. Pig control proved ineffective and a new exclosure fence was put in around the Cyanea to stop ingress into this fragile area. ...
... Pigs would have been able to get into Makua this way but the fence prevented that and they stayed along the fence. Pig control proved ineffective and a new exclosure fence was put in around the Cyanea to stop ingress into this fragile area. ...
foraging ecology of the red-crowned parakeet
... plants examined; (2) present only small amounts (ones - tens) of a given food type present on scattered individual plants; (3) common food type widespread (hundreds thousands) and available on the majority of plants but not abundant; (4) abundant large amounts (tens of thousands) of a given food typ ...
... plants examined; (2) present only small amounts (ones - tens) of a given food type present on scattered individual plants; (3) common food type widespread (hundreds thousands) and available on the majority of plants but not abundant; (4) abundant large amounts (tens of thousands) of a given food typ ...
Native species behaviour mitigates the impact of
... least 5 years after invasion (J.T. Wright, P.E. Gribben, personal observations) despite the changes to the abiotic environment. In Caulerpa, adult densities can remain as high as 30/m2 compared to seagrass (35–65/m2) and unvegetated sediment (35–90/m2; Wright et al. 2007). Thus, even though densitie ...
... least 5 years after invasion (J.T. Wright, P.E. Gribben, personal observations) despite the changes to the abiotic environment. In Caulerpa, adult densities can remain as high as 30/m2 compared to seagrass (35–65/m2) and unvegetated sediment (35–90/m2; Wright et al. 2007). Thus, even though densitie ...
Detrimental effects of two widespread invasive ant species on
... lost [20% of tissue on their feet) weighed significantly less than uninjured chicks and did not fledge. It is unclear if the chicks were being preyed upon or stung in defense of nearby ant colonies. Radical changes in invasive ant populations have been noted, and booming ant populations could cause ...
... lost [20% of tissue on their feet) weighed significantly less than uninjured chicks and did not fledge. It is unclear if the chicks were being preyed upon or stung in defense of nearby ant colonies. Radical changes in invasive ant populations have been noted, and booming ant populations could cause ...
“The History And Future Of Island Conservation In A Snail Shell”
... 2007) as Homo sapiens began to move into isolated regions, placing new pressures on endemic, range restricted wildlife, including bird (Steadman; 1995, 1989) and reptile species (Foufopoulos and Ives, 1999). Islands remain at the crest of the extinction wave through colonial expansion and into the a ...
... 2007) as Homo sapiens began to move into isolated regions, placing new pressures on endemic, range restricted wildlife, including bird (Steadman; 1995, 1989) and reptile species (Foufopoulos and Ives, 1999). Islands remain at the crest of the extinction wave through colonial expansion and into the a ...
How do seagrasses grow and spread?
... temperature and often occurs simultaneously across large spatial scales. European seagrass species flower in late spring , , and some of them (Zostera spp) throughout the summer as well, when irradiance improves and water temperature increases, except for the Mediterranean species Posidonia oceanica ...
... temperature and often occurs simultaneously across large spatial scales. European seagrass species flower in late spring , , and some of them (Zostera spp) throughout the summer as well, when irradiance improves and water temperature increases, except for the Mediterranean species Posidonia oceanica ...
CS 414 - Weed Science
... Designating a plant as a weed simply by its physical location does not take into account problems caused by weeds nor certain characteristics of plants that contribute to their potential to be weeds. These simple definitions do not distinguish plants that possess truly weedy characteristics from tho ...
... Designating a plant as a weed simply by its physical location does not take into account problems caused by weeds nor certain characteristics of plants that contribute to their potential to be weeds. These simple definitions do not distinguish plants that possess truly weedy characteristics from tho ...
Chapter 8 Restoration Strategies - Garry Oak Ecosystems Recovery
... 8.1.2 Role of Social and Cultural Attributes of Garry Oak Ecosystems Garry Oak ecosystems were maintained by the activities of First Nations prior to the arrival of Europeans (Chapter 2: Distribution and Description and Chapter 3: Natural Processes and Disturbance). Complex social and cultural pract ...
... 8.1.2 Role of Social and Cultural Attributes of Garry Oak Ecosystems Garry Oak ecosystems were maintained by the activities of First Nations prior to the arrival of Europeans (Chapter 2: Distribution and Description and Chapter 3: Natural Processes and Disturbance). Complex social and cultural pract ...
colorado fourteeners initiative 2007 rare plant
... separated by hundreds of miles from main populations to the north. Finally, Colorado is also home to several endemic alpine species known only from the Colorado alpine. Recreation in Colorado’s alpine has recently grown exponentially with a corresponding increase in Colorado’s population. Some of th ...
... separated by hundreds of miles from main populations to the north. Finally, Colorado is also home to several endemic alpine species known only from the Colorado alpine. Recreation in Colorado’s alpine has recently grown exponentially with a corresponding increase in Colorado’s population. Some of th ...
The Mechanisms and Consequences of Interspecific Competition
... (1997), needs to be developed. In this context, little is known about the temporal dynamics of competition (Trinder et al. 2013), which improve insight into both which species are more competitive and why. Isotope pool dilution and the use of radioisotopes may be difficult to apply, but there are ne ...
... (1997), needs to be developed. In this context, little is known about the temporal dynamics of competition (Trinder et al. 2013), which improve insight into both which species are more competitive and why. Isotope pool dilution and the use of radioisotopes may be difficult to apply, but there are ne ...
managing native grassland
... by natural conditions and processes. Soils, temperature and rainfall regimes, interactions between plants, grazing and digging animals, fire and Aboriginal activity all helped to shape the structure and species composition of native grasslands. Prevention of the establishment of trees and shrubs, re ...
... by natural conditions and processes. Soils, temperature and rainfall regimes, interactions between plants, grazing and digging animals, fire and Aboriginal activity all helped to shape the structure and species composition of native grasslands. Prevention of the establishment of trees and shrubs, re ...
Camden 2002 - Australasian Wildlife Management Society
... Rabbit haemorrhagic disease has persisted and reduced rabbit populations by over 90% in many areas since it was released in New Zealand in 1997. This large reduction in their populations has provided many benefits to farmers and perhaps to biodiversity managers. However, there have been consequences ...
... Rabbit haemorrhagic disease has persisted and reduced rabbit populations by over 90% in many areas since it was released in New Zealand in 1997. This large reduction in their populations has provided many benefits to farmers and perhaps to biodiversity managers. However, there have been consequences ...
Evolutionary Arguments on Aging, Disease, and Other Topics
... From a speculative point of view, I think that evolution can be defined as: a complex phenomenon that is predictable to an extent proportional to the available data on the basis of probabilistic arguments. This definition is, in itself, enough to attract a criticism that I wish to draw the reader’s ...
... From a speculative point of view, I think that evolution can be defined as: a complex phenomenon that is predictable to an extent proportional to the available data on the basis of probabilistic arguments. This definition is, in itself, enough to attract a criticism that I wish to draw the reader’s ...
Compensation masks trophic cascades in complex food
... which point a top generalist predator invaded the food web. We assumed that the predator was an efficient generalist, with a fixed body mass consistent with a large secondary consumer (Mpredator = Z 2.5 ) and a scaled attack rate twice that of other species in the system. We note that the augmented pr ...
... which point a top generalist predator invaded the food web. We assumed that the predator was an efficient generalist, with a fixed body mass consistent with a large secondary consumer (Mpredator = Z 2.5 ) and a scaled attack rate twice that of other species in the system. We note that the augmented pr ...
Null model analysis of species associations using abundance data W U N
... conducted in ecological studies (Toft and Shea 1983), perhaps because they require specification of an alternative hypothesis and an effect size that can be detected by the test. In the context of null model analysis, what constitutes a ‘‘random’’ or a ‘‘structured’’ matrix? The primary goal in much ...
... conducted in ecological studies (Toft and Shea 1983), perhaps because they require specification of an alternative hypothesis and an effect size that can be detected by the test. In the context of null model analysis, what constitutes a ‘‘random’’ or a ‘‘structured’’ matrix? The primary goal in much ...
Determining ancient woodland indicator plants for practical use: A
... evaluated 20 field studies from eight European countries and four northeast American states that compared the vegetation of ancient and recent forests. From these they concluded that the response of forest plant species to land use coincided with a clustering of species featuring different ecological ...
... evaluated 20 field studies from eight European countries and four northeast American states that compared the vegetation of ancient and recent forests. From these they concluded that the response of forest plant species to land use coincided with a clustering of species featuring different ecological ...
1 Are invasive ants better plant-defense mutualists? A comparison of
... Benefits arising from facultative mutualisms between ants and plants vary with the identity of the ant partner. Invasive and native ants are both attracted to plants that offer extrafloral nectar, but few studies have compared their abilities to displace herbivores and benefit plants. Yellow crazy a ...
... Benefits arising from facultative mutualisms between ants and plants vary with the identity of the ant partner. Invasive and native ants are both attracted to plants that offer extrafloral nectar, but few studies have compared their abilities to displace herbivores and benefit plants. Yellow crazy a ...
Plant Diversity Affects Performance of Invasive Thistles in Restored
... recent disturbance or opening caused by fire, flooding or overgrazing. If there are no natural enemies to control its population, whether it is insects, herbivores, or pathogens, an invasive may be more successful. Additionally, an invasive species can establish by directly outcompeting a native pla ...
... recent disturbance or opening caused by fire, flooding or overgrazing. If there are no natural enemies to control its population, whether it is insects, herbivores, or pathogens, an invasive may be more successful. Additionally, an invasive species can establish by directly outcompeting a native pla ...
International Trade and Invasive Alien Species International
... 1. Invasive alien species (IAS) – species which may be introduced into new ecosystems via intentional or unintentional introductions – are a major threat to biological diversity. In many cases, they can also have devastating consequences for human health, agricultural productivity and trade. The ec ...
... 1. Invasive alien species (IAS) – species which may be introduced into new ecosystems via intentional or unintentional introductions – are a major threat to biological diversity. In many cases, they can also have devastating consequences for human health, agricultural productivity and trade. The ec ...
myrmecophile insecta associated with some ant
... issue of myrmecophiles living with ants. In (1923a) this author gave notes and observations on many myrmecophilous groups which included beetles, flies, aphids, mealybugs, spiders, springtails and woodlice. In (1923b) he continued his myrmecophilous observations on the previous arthropod groups plus ...
... issue of myrmecophiles living with ants. In (1923a) this author gave notes and observations on many myrmecophilous groups which included beetles, flies, aphids, mealybugs, spiders, springtails and woodlice. In (1923b) he continued his myrmecophilous observations on the previous arthropod groups plus ...
Biogeography and endemism of ants in Baja California
... c. 2350 series of ants. These records provide a provisional, if incomplete, species list. We applied the incidence-based estimator, Chao-2, to our data base of specimen records to estimate the total number of ant species on the peninsula. We assessed endemism by comparing our peninsular species list ...
... c. 2350 series of ants. These records provide a provisional, if incomplete, species list. We applied the incidence-based estimator, Chao-2, to our data base of specimen records to estimate the total number of ant species on the peninsula. We assessed endemism by comparing our peninsular species list ...
Introduced species
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Melilotus_alba_bgiu.jpg?width=300)
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.