Biodiversity: Concepts, Patterns, and Measurement
... basis of statements about species richness. Within biological communities and ecosystems, functional diversity refers to the variety and number of species that fulfill different functional roles. A food web and some measure of its complexity and connectivity is one way to depict the functional diver ...
... basis of statements about species richness. Within biological communities and ecosystems, functional diversity refers to the variety and number of species that fulfill different functional roles. A food web and some measure of its complexity and connectivity is one way to depict the functional diver ...
3.8 Reptiles - North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
... E – Endangered; a taxon which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. T – Threatened; a taxon which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. C – Candidate; taxa for which the ...
... E – Endangered; a taxon which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. T – Threatened; a taxon which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. C – Candidate; taxa for which the ...
Species richness and aggregation effects on the productivity of
... which are well adapted to a change in the environment and are able to compensate for the decline of the less adapted species.8,9 It is suggested that several explicit mechanisms, termed ‘biodiversity effects’, underlie diversity–ecosystem functioning relationships and it is likely that these mechani ...
... which are well adapted to a change in the environment and are able to compensate for the decline of the less adapted species.8,9 It is suggested that several explicit mechanisms, termed ‘biodiversity effects’, underlie diversity–ecosystem functioning relationships and it is likely that these mechani ...
Phylum ANNELIDA - Deepwater Group
... and cirri. These may also be present in related tubedwelling forms, but typically the permanent tubedwellers have additional feeding and respiratory appendages, such as the tentacular crowns of Sabellidae, whereas sediment-eating burrowing forms generally have much reduced head appendages. Food in m ...
... and cirri. These may also be present in related tubedwelling forms, but typically the permanent tubedwellers have additional feeding and respiratory appendages, such as the tentacular crowns of Sabellidae, whereas sediment-eating burrowing forms generally have much reduced head appendages. Food in m ...
Systematic measurement of effectiveness for conservation of
... We assessed overall management effectiveness by counting the number of islands from which all pest mammals have been removed, and identifying the responses of native species of plants and animals. Based on generic measures of ecological integrity (Lee et al. 2005), we then developed a list of explic ...
... We assessed overall management effectiveness by counting the number of islands from which all pest mammals have been removed, and identifying the responses of native species of plants and animals. Based on generic measures of ecological integrity (Lee et al. 2005), we then developed a list of explic ...
FLORA AND FAUNA IMPACT ASSESSMENT
... Humpback Whale. Any deaths caused by these nets have a detrimental affect to the survival of the species (NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (formerly DECCW) website – final determination of Key Threatening Process). The objective of Shark Control Programs is to reduce the number of potentially ...
... Humpback Whale. Any deaths caused by these nets have a detrimental affect to the survival of the species (NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (formerly DECCW) website – final determination of Key Threatening Process). The objective of Shark Control Programs is to reduce the number of potentially ...
The effects of disturbance on trophic levels, food webs
... stemmed from natural causes such as fire, from anthropogenic causes such as predator removal, from invasions of exotic species, or from the removal of native species. According to Wootton (1998), disturbance can be a landscape‐altering phenomenon and can have consequences that disrupt ecological ...
... stemmed from natural causes such as fire, from anthropogenic causes such as predator removal, from invasions of exotic species, or from the removal of native species. According to Wootton (1998), disturbance can be a landscape‐altering phenomenon and can have consequences that disrupt ecological ...
CUSTOMARY MANAGEMENT OF INDIGENOUS SPECIES: A
... integrity and function, essentially because these are being utilised by sport-hunters (e.g., Mark, 1989). For example, red deer (Cevus elaphus Linnaeus), mallard and brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus) represent categories of game animals with a long tradition of harvest by European peoples. We woul ...
... integrity and function, essentially because these are being utilised by sport-hunters (e.g., Mark, 1989). For example, red deer (Cevus elaphus Linnaeus), mallard and brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus) represent categories of game animals with a long tradition of harvest by European peoples. We woul ...
SHRIMP TRAWLER BY-CATCH DIVERSITY AND
... (Diplobatis ommata), and Golden Cownose Ray (Rhinoptera steindachneri), all of which are listed on the IUCN Red List under varying degrees of severity from Critically Endangered to Near Threatened. Additionally there are several species common in the by-catch, which have commercial importance to the ...
... (Diplobatis ommata), and Golden Cownose Ray (Rhinoptera steindachneri), all of which are listed on the IUCN Red List under varying degrees of severity from Critically Endangered to Near Threatened. Additionally there are several species common in the by-catch, which have commercial importance to the ...
Latitudinal Gradients in Species Diversity PDF file
... ranges may be more likely to undergo allopatric speciation, which would increase rates of speciation (Rosenzweig 2003). The combination of lower extinction rates and high rates of speciation leads to the high levels of species richness in the tropics. A critique of the geographical area hypothesis i ...
... ranges may be more likely to undergo allopatric speciation, which would increase rates of speciation (Rosenzweig 2003). The combination of lower extinction rates and high rates of speciation leads to the high levels of species richness in the tropics. A critique of the geographical area hypothesis i ...
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... Island of New Zealand, between 2006 and 2013 (Figure 1) and from south-eastern Australia between 2006 and 2011 (Figure 2). These latter samples were added to the database to enable identification of any species that may have been introduced from Australia. Habitats sampled included both constructed ...
... Island of New Zealand, between 2006 and 2013 (Figure 1) and from south-eastern Australia between 2006 and 2011 (Figure 2). These latter samples were added to the database to enable identification of any species that may have been introduced from Australia. Habitats sampled included both constructed ...
Reading Guide Chapter 51-54
... 5. Describe Tinbergen’s classic experiment on spatial learning in digger wasps. 6. Distinguish between landmarks and cognitive maps. 7. Explain how associative learning may help a predator to avoid toxic prey. 8. Describe an experiment that demonstrates problem solving in non-human animals. 51.3 Gen ...
... 5. Describe Tinbergen’s classic experiment on spatial learning in digger wasps. 6. Distinguish between landmarks and cognitive maps. 7. Explain how associative learning may help a predator to avoid toxic prey. 8. Describe an experiment that demonstrates problem solving in non-human animals. 51.3 Gen ...
What Are Communities?
... Both pastures had very similar community structure. A few species were abundant; most species were rare. Whether this pattern tells us something about the species and their interactions is largely unknown, especially for microbial communities. ...
... Both pastures had very similar community structure. A few species were abundant; most species were rare. Whether this pattern tells us something about the species and their interactions is largely unknown, especially for microbial communities. ...
Emergence and Analysis of Complex Food Webs in
... probability of consumption is determined by a normalized Gaussian distribution, specified by the two consumption traits. The prey preference trait defines the mean of the distribution, whereas the standard deviation of the distribution is controlled by the consumer’s generalism trait. ...
... probability of consumption is determined by a normalized Gaussian distribution, specified by the two consumption traits. The prey preference trait defines the mean of the distribution, whereas the standard deviation of the distribution is controlled by the consumer’s generalism trait. ...
AP Biology Big Idea 1 part C
... The definition of barrier depends on the ability of a population to disperse For example, a canyon may create a barrier for small rodents, but not birds, coyotes, or pollen ...
... The definition of barrier depends on the ability of a population to disperse For example, a canyon may create a barrier for small rodents, but not birds, coyotes, or pollen ...
as a PDF
... In Northern Argentina, natural grasslands have been traditionally used for cattle ranching since the last century. Nowadays in large farms, rice production is becoming a common agricultural activity and 10% of the natural grasslands of the Corrientes province have been converted into rice fields. Ri ...
... In Northern Argentina, natural grasslands have been traditionally used for cattle ranching since the last century. Nowadays in large farms, rice production is becoming a common agricultural activity and 10% of the natural grasslands of the Corrientes province have been converted into rice fields. Ri ...
Human-caused environmental change: Impacts on plant diversity and evolution Colloquium
... species that is an excellent N competitor but a poor disperser, perhaps much like the bunchgrass S. scoparium (little bluestem) of prairie grasslands on sandy soils in the United States, which are ecosystems that have historically experienced frequent burns. Plants with long-lived tissues, such as e ...
... species that is an excellent N competitor but a poor disperser, perhaps much like the bunchgrass S. scoparium (little bluestem) of prairie grasslands on sandy soils in the United States, which are ecosystems that have historically experienced frequent burns. Plants with long-lived tissues, such as e ...
Fish introductions and their impact on the biodiversity and the
... improve the fisheries. The perch was introduced supposedly, to feed on the smaller sized haplochromiine cichlids that were at that time abundant but of lesser economic value, so as to convert their biomass into larger table sized fish. Where-as L. niloticus and O. niloticus have overly established i ...
... improve the fisheries. The perch was introduced supposedly, to feed on the smaller sized haplochromiine cichlids that were at that time abundant but of lesser economic value, so as to convert their biomass into larger table sized fish. Where-as L. niloticus and O. niloticus have overly established i ...
BIO 150
... 44. What is meant by 'density-dependence' and how can it help explain why populations do not continue to grow forever? Draw a graph showing what density-dependence would look like for density versus birth rate and density versus mortality rate. Combine these to show how density-dependence can 'regul ...
... 44. What is meant by 'density-dependence' and how can it help explain why populations do not continue to grow forever? Draw a graph showing what density-dependence would look like for density versus birth rate and density versus mortality rate. Combine these to show how density-dependence can 'regul ...
Charles Elton Source: Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol
... The range of habitats included is very wide, but it does not contain samples of the most complex habitats, particularly woodland, for the reason that no complete ecological surveys of them have yet been done. Such communities might prove to differ in their structure from those of the simpler kind. T ...
... The range of habitats included is very wide, but it does not contain samples of the most complex habitats, particularly woodland, for the reason that no complete ecological surveys of them have yet been done. Such communities might prove to differ in their structure from those of the simpler kind. T ...
Adaptation
... from one another, but no plausible mechanism for such evolution had been proposed. Darwin's solution to the problem was that small heritable varia tions among individuals within a species become the basis of large differences be tween species. Different forms survive and reproduce at different rat ...
... from one another, but no plausible mechanism for such evolution had been proposed. Darwin's solution to the problem was that small heritable varia tions among individuals within a species become the basis of large differences be tween species. Different forms survive and reproduce at different rat ...
Variability of species` roles in marine communities
... organisms is variable and not fixed in space and time (electronic appendix 1). The redefinition of the term keystone species (Power et al. 1996) required low relative abundance; thus, a species may play or not a keystone role according to changes in its own population density. Furthermore, the inter ...
... organisms is variable and not fixed in space and time (electronic appendix 1). The redefinition of the term keystone species (Power et al. 1996) required low relative abundance; thus, a species may play or not a keystone role according to changes in its own population density. Furthermore, the inter ...
Predation of Frankliniella occidentalis by Orius insidiosus on plant
... Summary: Annual cycles of population abundance of thrips and natural enemies were determined in three agricultural areas in the Aconcagua valley in Central Chile. The most important plant species serving as hosts for reproducing populations of Frankliniella occidentalis are not native to Chile. Loca ...
... Summary: Annual cycles of population abundance of thrips and natural enemies were determined in three agricultural areas in the Aconcagua valley in Central Chile. The most important plant species serving as hosts for reproducing populations of Frankliniella occidentalis are not native to Chile. Loca ...
Conservation-reliant species and the future of conservation
... actions preceded by the terms “assess,” “monitor,” “identify,” “investigate,” “determine,” “if needed,” or ”if warranted.” These terms are admittedly imprecise and do not take into account differences in the magnitude or frequency of the required actions. For example, control of disturbance to an en ...
... actions preceded by the terms “assess,” “monitor,” “identify,” “investigate,” “determine,” “if needed,” or ”if warranted.” These terms are admittedly imprecise and do not take into account differences in the magnitude or frequency of the required actions. For example, control of disturbance to an en ...
Ecol 483/583 – Herpetology Lab 11
... the shell is still soft. Once the shell hardens, turtle survivorship is high. In addition, sexual maturity is delayed in turtles and reproductive success is highly correlated with increased age. As a result, the removal of adults for food, medicine or pet trade can have devastating effects on wild ...
... the shell is still soft. Once the shell hardens, turtle survivorship is high. In addition, sexual maturity is delayed in turtles and reproductive success is highly correlated with increased age. As a result, the removal of adults for food, medicine or pet trade can have devastating effects on wild ...
Introduced species
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.