Estuary Chpt. 1 - Overview of the Kennebec Estuary
... repeatable. Despite the continuous variation within these collections of organisms, attempts have been made to classify them as distinct community types Krebs 1985). Certain types of estuarine communities are particularly notable for their resilience to wide swings in salinity and exposure to air, a ...
... repeatable. Despite the continuous variation within these collections of organisms, attempts have been made to classify them as distinct community types Krebs 1985). Certain types of estuarine communities are particularly notable for their resilience to wide swings in salinity and exposure to air, a ...
Tidally oriented vertical migration and ... temperate estuary
... obliquely from the bottom to the surface. In most years surveys were taken once in March and November and twice in each month from April through October. Data were trimmed to include only months sampled biweekly and only stations in main channels. Surface-specific conductance, measured at each stati ...
... obliquely from the bottom to the surface. In most years surveys were taken once in March and November and twice in each month from April through October. Data were trimmed to include only months sampled biweekly and only stations in main channels. Surface-specific conductance, measured at each stati ...
Fulltext - Jultika
... Abstract Rare and elusive species are difficult to study, because they are usually secretive, solitary, occur at low densities and have large home ranges. Wolverines (Gulo gulo) can both hunt and scavenge for food. In Fennoscandia, wolverines co-exist with either wild or semi-domesticated reindeer, ...
... Abstract Rare and elusive species are difficult to study, because they are usually secretive, solitary, occur at low densities and have large home ranges. Wolverines (Gulo gulo) can both hunt and scavenge for food. In Fennoscandia, wolverines co-exist with either wild or semi-domesticated reindeer, ...
Review of nekton patterns and ecological processes
... reflect the overriding importance of other factors such as within-patch characteristics, water depth or position within an estuary. It might also result from measurements at the wrong scale. The rigour of surveys can be improved by avoiding confounding of patch attributes by other factors, increasin ...
... reflect the overriding importance of other factors such as within-patch characteristics, water depth or position within an estuary. It might also result from measurements at the wrong scale. The rigour of surveys can be improved by avoiding confounding of patch attributes by other factors, increasin ...
pdf
... Laikipia is a 10,000 sq. km. area characterized by semiarid bushed grassland, with diverse human land uses and attitudes towards wildlife. The majority of Laikipia is large commercial livestock ranches, some of which are also engaged in ecotourism. Little is known about Grevy’s zebra ecology in Laik ...
... Laikipia is a 10,000 sq. km. area characterized by semiarid bushed grassland, with diverse human land uses and attitudes towards wildlife. The majority of Laikipia is large commercial livestock ranches, some of which are also engaged in ecotourism. Little is known about Grevy’s zebra ecology in Laik ...
Epizoic Bryozoans on Predatory Pycnogonids from the South
... Bryozoans are typically poor space competitors (Soule and Soule 1977), but some bryozoans escape from competition for substratum space by erect growth (McKinney and Jackson 1989). However, many bryozoans are extremely effective at rapid colonization of young surfaces including the external surfaces ...
... Bryozoans are typically poor space competitors (Soule and Soule 1977), but some bryozoans escape from competition for substratum space by erect growth (McKinney and Jackson 1989). However, many bryozoans are extremely effective at rapid colonization of young surfaces including the external surfaces ...
2. Modeling the Influence of Forest Structure on Microsite Habitat
... The combined Akaike weights for the top two models were 0.96 (Table 2), suggesting that SCU and canopy closure are the 2 most important variables among the suite of variables considered and best explain areas that had the greatest use by snowshoe hares within the 25 microsite grids that we sampled. ...
... The combined Akaike weights for the top two models were 0.96 (Table 2), suggesting that SCU and canopy closure are the 2 most important variables among the suite of variables considered and best explain areas that had the greatest use by snowshoe hares within the 25 microsite grids that we sampled. ...
THE INFLUENCE OF THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT (LOXODONTA
... The African elephant (Loxodonta africana) - keystone species, ecosystem engineer and the cause of a global debate. A debate generated by the ecological and aesthetic concerns of managers and landowners in the face of increasing elephant populations in Southern Africa’s protected areas. These concern ...
... The African elephant (Loxodonta africana) - keystone species, ecosystem engineer and the cause of a global debate. A debate generated by the ecological and aesthetic concerns of managers and landowners in the face of increasing elephant populations in Southern Africa’s protected areas. These concern ...
Density-dependent facilitation cascades determine
... Abstract. Co-occurring foundation species can determine biological community structure via facilitation cascades. We examined the density dependencies of facilitation cascades, including how the density of a basal foundation species influences the density of secondary foundation species, and how the ...
... Abstract. Co-occurring foundation species can determine biological community structure via facilitation cascades. We examined the density dependencies of facilitation cascades, including how the density of a basal foundation species influences the density of secondary foundation species, and how the ...
Littorina littorea Falmouth, Massachusetts Kate Buckman, Annette Hynes, and Elizabeth Orchard
... distances, but in general did not take advantage of this ability and showed fairly high and stable site fidelity. These results support previous observations that periwinkles have a preferred tidal height to inhabit where they maintain position, and will return to this height if displaced (Gendron, ...
... distances, but in general did not take advantage of this ability and showed fairly high and stable site fidelity. These results support previous observations that periwinkles have a preferred tidal height to inhabit where they maintain position, and will return to this height if displaced (Gendron, ...
A New Approach to Homeostatic Regulation: Towards a Unified
... Stoichiometric homeostasis is the ability of an organism to keep its body chemical composition constant, despite varying inputs. Stoichiometric homeostasis therefore constrains the metabolic needs of consumers which in turn often feed on resources not matching these requirements. In a broader contex ...
... Stoichiometric homeostasis is the ability of an organism to keep its body chemical composition constant, despite varying inputs. Stoichiometric homeostasis therefore constrains the metabolic needs of consumers which in turn often feed on resources not matching these requirements. In a broader contex ...
Thresholds in Habitat Supply: A Review of the Literature
... or “threshold” change that may have rapid, drastic effects on species or ecosystems. Ecological thresholds involve a change in the rate of response to ecosystem change; a critical value of an ecosystem property at which previously linear or unobserved change becomes a drastic transformation. Around ...
... or “threshold” change that may have rapid, drastic effects on species or ecosystems. Ecological thresholds involve a change in the rate of response to ecosystem change; a critical value of an ecosystem property at which previously linear or unobserved change becomes a drastic transformation. Around ...
Herbivore damage along a latitudinal gradient: relative
... temperate eucalypt species had lower levels of herbivory (7%) compared to more tropical species (10.5%), but had higher herbivory levels than evergreen oak leaves from North America (4%). However, it is also possible that the previously reported latitudinal gradient in herbivory is an artefact arisi ...
... temperate eucalypt species had lower levels of herbivory (7%) compared to more tropical species (10.5%), but had higher herbivory levels than evergreen oak leaves from North America (4%). However, it is also possible that the previously reported latitudinal gradient in herbivory is an artefact arisi ...
petition - Center for Biological Diversity
... largest freshwater turtle and may reach a size of 250 pounds (Ernst and Lovich 2009, p. 138). Adult turtles are harvested for consumption and live young are captured for the pet trade. In 1997, the United States submitted a proposal to the tenth biennial meeting of the Conference of the Parties (“Co ...
... largest freshwater turtle and may reach a size of 250 pounds (Ernst and Lovich 2009, p. 138). Adult turtles are harvested for consumption and live young are captured for the pet trade. In 1997, the United States submitted a proposal to the tenth biennial meeting of the Conference of the Parties (“Co ...
PDF
... implicitly trait-based, we here aim to fully place life history trade-offs in a stoichiometric context. This conceptual framework should enhance our ability to predict how communities will respond to changes in nutrient conditions in the environment. ...
... implicitly trait-based, we here aim to fully place life history trade-offs in a stoichiometric context. This conceptual framework should enhance our ability to predict how communities will respond to changes in nutrient conditions in the environment. ...
Amphibian Alert! Curriculum
... The word Amphibian is derived from the Greek words “amphi” and “bios” which means both lives, and refers to the two stages of the amphibian life - aquatic larvae and terrestrial adult form. Amphibians are bare-skinned vertebrates that change form through a process called “metamorphosis.” Around the ...
... The word Amphibian is derived from the Greek words “amphi” and “bios” which means both lives, and refers to the two stages of the amphibian life - aquatic larvae and terrestrial adult form. Amphibians are bare-skinned vertebrates that change form through a process called “metamorphosis.” Around the ...
Untangling the roles of parasites in food webs with
... ity are three-fold: (i) the goodness-of-fit for the model, formalized as an AUC statistic (see Supporting Information S2) on the observed predation links, which quantifies the ability of the model to correctly distinguish between observed predation links and observed non-feeding pairs; (ii) the fitt ...
... ity are three-fold: (i) the goodness-of-fit for the model, formalized as an AUC statistic (see Supporting Information S2) on the observed predation links, which quantifies the ability of the model to correctly distinguish between observed predation links and observed non-feeding pairs; (ii) the fitt ...
fires, ecological effects of
... very frequent fires (1–3 years) in productive sites. Although many grasslands burn readily, few species have an obligate dependence on burning. Fire-stimulated flowering is rare but has been reported in many mostly temperate tussock grass species, including species of Chionochloa in New Zealand. Sever ...
... very frequent fires (1–3 years) in productive sites. Although many grasslands burn readily, few species have an obligate dependence on burning. Fire-stimulated flowering is rare but has been reported in many mostly temperate tussock grass species, including species of Chionochloa in New Zealand. Sever ...
Published Version
... food web engage in symbioses, which in turn affect their interactions with other species in the food web. For example, many plants harbor endophytic fungi providing chemical protection against herbivore consumption that carries on to affect higher trophic levels as well (e.g., Omacini et al. 2001). ...
... food web engage in symbioses, which in turn affect their interactions with other species in the food web. For example, many plants harbor endophytic fungi providing chemical protection against herbivore consumption that carries on to affect higher trophic levels as well (e.g., Omacini et al. 2001). ...
Slide 1
... from Gleason’s conceptual model, even though Clementsian ideas of deterministic progression through seral to climax stages dominated ecological theory well into the 20th century (see Connell & Slatyer 1977) Photos from http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/ecology/ecohistory/history.html ...
... from Gleason’s conceptual model, even though Clementsian ideas of deterministic progression through seral to climax stages dominated ecological theory well into the 20th century (see Connell & Slatyer 1977) Photos from http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/ecology/ecohistory/history.html ...
habitat use and selection by moose and elk in the besa
... We determined sizes of annual and seasonal home ranges using 100% minimum convex polygons (MCPs, Jennrich and Turner 1969) around GPS locations for each individual, as well as by fixed kernel analysis (Worton 1989). These calculations were done using the ArcView Animal Movement Extension (Hooge and ...
... We determined sizes of annual and seasonal home ranges using 100% minimum convex polygons (MCPs, Jennrich and Turner 1969) around GPS locations for each individual, as well as by fixed kernel analysis (Worton 1989). These calculations were done using the ArcView Animal Movement Extension (Hooge and ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
... Biological diversity, or biodiversity as it is commonly known, “includes all plants, animals, microorganisms, the ecosystems of which they are a part, and the diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.”a Biodiversity gives us life, and underlies the goods and services that are cru ...
... Biological diversity, or biodiversity as it is commonly known, “includes all plants, animals, microorganisms, the ecosystems of which they are a part, and the diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.”a Biodiversity gives us life, and underlies the goods and services that are cru ...
Fulltext - ETH E
... A lot of this research was and is still being done in temperate grasslands, the study object of this thesis. Here, a positive relationship between plant species richness and ecosystem functioning—productivity in particular—was typically found and has risen interest into the underlying mechanisms. Ho ...
... A lot of this research was and is still being done in temperate grasslands, the study object of this thesis. Here, a positive relationship between plant species richness and ecosystem functioning—productivity in particular—was typically found and has risen interest into the underlying mechanisms. Ho ...
Habitat
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A habitat is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by human, a particular species of animal, plant, or other type of organism.A place where a living thing lives is its habitat. It is a place where it can find food, shelter, protection and mates for reproduction. It is the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the physical environment that surrounds a species population.A habitat is made up of physical factors such as soil, moisture, range of temperature, and availability of light as well as biotic factors such as the availability of food and the presence of predators. A habitat is not necessarily a geographic area—for a parasitic organism it is the body of its host, part of the host's body such as the digestive tract, or a cell within the host's body.