Biodiversity Plan - Banyule City Council
... • orchids in an isolated bushland reserve may not be found by their pollinators leading to lack of seed set and decline in the population. • eucalypts may come under insect attack as insectivorous birds lack the vegetation cover to access those trees, • grasses may grow dense without large herbivore ...
... • orchids in an isolated bushland reserve may not be found by their pollinators leading to lack of seed set and decline in the population. • eucalypts may come under insect attack as insectivorous birds lack the vegetation cover to access those trees, • grasses may grow dense without large herbivore ...
The growth–mortality tradeoff: evidence from anuran
... for diVerences in species distributions across resource gradients (Grime and Hunt 1975; Grime et al. 1997; Arendt 1997). Species that are capable of growing fast when resources are abundant often grow poorly when resources are rare. Conversely, species that are capable of growing, albeit slowly, whe ...
... for diVerences in species distributions across resource gradients (Grime and Hunt 1975; Grime et al. 1997; Arendt 1997). Species that are capable of growing fast when resources are abundant often grow poorly when resources are rare. Conversely, species that are capable of growing, albeit slowly, whe ...
2010snail
... UHODWHGWRWKHVL]HRIWKHSUHGDWRUZLWKWKHODUJHUSUHGDWRUE. rosea, having a much higher consumption rate than O. alliarius, and with larger E. rosea consuming more than smaller E. rosea7KHVHUHVXOWVKDYHXQIRUWXQDWHFRQVHUYDWLRQUDPL¿FDWLRQVEHFDXVHVLQFHWKH\LQGLFDWH that both E. rosea a ...
... UHODWHGWRWKHVL]HRIWKHSUHGDWRUZLWKWKHODUJHUSUHGDWRUE. rosea, having a much higher consumption rate than O. alliarius, and with larger E. rosea consuming more than smaller E. rosea7KHVHUHVXOWVKDYHXQIRUWXQDWHFRQVHUYDWLRQUDPL¿FDWLRQVEHFDXVHVLQFHWKH\LQGLFDWH that both E. rosea a ...
Combinatorial functional diversity: an information theoretical approach
... value of their formula ‘should be close to maximum’. However, as we show below, the situation is not that simple because, being a pooled measure, FH is absolutely insensitive to the relationships among the t traits – which will not be so with the following two quantities. ...
... value of their formula ‘should be close to maximum’. However, as we show below, the situation is not that simple because, being a pooled measure, FH is absolutely insensitive to the relationships among the t traits – which will not be so with the following two quantities. ...
Part A Chapter 2 - Commissioner for Environmental Sustainability
... of their assessable area within TFI, none had over 50% of their area within TFI. Fourteen EVDs had less than 10% of their assessable area within TFI. ...
... of their assessable area within TFI, none had over 50% of their area within TFI. Fourteen EVDs had less than 10% of their assessable area within TFI. ...
Lizard community structure across a grassland
... ecotone from the grassland and creosote bush habitats. In summer 2000, three of the four transects were established, two on the upper and one on the lower piedmont slope. Traps were open 27 May – 4 June and 25 June – 4 August. One additional transect was established on the upper basin slope in 2001 ...
... ecotone from the grassland and creosote bush habitats. In summer 2000, three of the four transects were established, two on the upper and one on the lower piedmont slope. Traps were open 27 May – 4 June and 25 June – 4 August. One additional transect was established on the upper basin slope in 2001 ...
28/09/03 1 Classification: Biological Sciences: Evolution 1 2
... The remaining variance within H. melpomene was found within racial populations. The differences in the levels and distribution of Tpi and Mpi diversity were clearly evident in the allelic genealogies of the two species. Within H. erato, at both loci very similar alleles were distributed broadly acro ...
... The remaining variance within H. melpomene was found within racial populations. The differences in the levels and distribution of Tpi and Mpi diversity were clearly evident in the allelic genealogies of the two species. Within H. erato, at both loci very similar alleles were distributed broadly acro ...
Ant community change across a ground vegetation
... of species that can recruit to food but are not overwhelmingly numerically or behaviorally dominant. Species with consistently high scores (5-6) are potentially important competitors that could deny other ants access to resources such as food and nesting sites. Our categories make it easier to not o ...
... of species that can recruit to food but are not overwhelmingly numerically or behaviorally dominant. Species with consistently high scores (5-6) are potentially important competitors that could deny other ants access to resources such as food and nesting sites. Our categories make it easier to not o ...
The Genotypic View of Social Interactions in Microbial Communities
... Here, we briefly review the foundational theory and definitions of sociobiology, which are covered extensively elsewhere (e.g., 27, 45, 96, 123, 156). Inclusive fitness theory focuses on a particular social phenotype—one that has fitness effects on others—and asks whether it is favored by natural select ...
... Here, we briefly review the foundational theory and definitions of sociobiology, which are covered extensively elsewhere (e.g., 27, 45, 96, 123, 156). Inclusive fitness theory focuses on a particular social phenotype—one that has fitness effects on others—and asks whether it is favored by natural select ...
monitoring declines in widely distributed species
... feasibility of application of regional guidelines and 4) explore how national species lists and IUCN criteria have been incorporated in national conservation policies. Miller et al‘s study showed that that few countries have used the regional guidelines, perhaps due to no previous knowledge of their ...
... feasibility of application of regional guidelines and 4) explore how national species lists and IUCN criteria have been incorporated in national conservation policies. Miller et al‘s study showed that that few countries have used the regional guidelines, perhaps due to no previous knowledge of their ...
asymmetrical pollen success in ipomopsis
... for determining the frequency of hybrids in nature (Jiggins and Mallett, 2000). However, this conclusion is based on comparisons of many contact sites between different pairs of species. Such comparisons could be confounded by betweentaxon variation in evolutionary history (Coyne and Orr, 2004) or e ...
... for determining the frequency of hybrids in nature (Jiggins and Mallett, 2000). However, this conclusion is based on comparisons of many contact sites between different pairs of species. Such comparisons could be confounded by betweentaxon variation in evolutionary history (Coyne and Orr, 2004) or e ...
Southern Brown Bandicoot Management Plan
... Wash Emplacement Area (including within land to the north, in the Dharawal National Park to the east and in the Metropolitan Special Area to the south). In addition, some other bandicoot diggings were recorded; however these could not be distinguished between the Long-nosed Bandicoot and the Souther ...
... Wash Emplacement Area (including within land to the north, in the Dharawal National Park to the east and in the Metropolitan Special Area to the south). In addition, some other bandicoot diggings were recorded; however these could not be distinguished between the Long-nosed Bandicoot and the Souther ...
metacommunity influences on community richness at multiple spatial
... Generally, for the local community, low dispersal rate and intermediate dispersal scale maintained higher richness over time, with no dispersal or the global dispersal maintaining the lowest richness. A lack of dispersal or initial species variation maintained greater beta diversity, while high disp ...
... Generally, for the local community, low dispersal rate and intermediate dispersal scale maintained higher richness over time, with no dispersal or the global dispersal maintaining the lowest richness. A lack of dispersal or initial species variation maintained greater beta diversity, while high disp ...
Herbivory enhances the diversity of primary producers in pond
... factors such as nutrients and light to facilitate species coexistence. In theory, the presence of herbivores could increase the diversity of primary producers, resolving this “paradox of the plankton.” Little experimental evidence supports this natural enemies hypothesis, but previous tests suffer f ...
... factors such as nutrients and light to facilitate species coexistence. In theory, the presence of herbivores could increase the diversity of primary producers, resolving this “paradox of the plankton.” Little experimental evidence supports this natural enemies hypothesis, but previous tests suffer f ...
The iconic keystone predator has a pathogen
... space created by Pisaster. Furthermore, anemones receive indirect feeding benefits (dislodged food items) when Pisaster is present (Dayton 1973). But what happens when a keystone predator is threatened by an important new enemy? In recent years, a pathogen of seastars has swept through the northeast ...
... space created by Pisaster. Furthermore, anemones receive indirect feeding benefits (dislodged food items) when Pisaster is present (Dayton 1973). But what happens when a keystone predator is threatened by an important new enemy? In recent years, a pathogen of seastars has swept through the northeast ...
Beech forests of the Apennines
... the Italian peninsula, traces of a common history may still be found. They are made up of woodland “domestication” practices or, in more drastic cases, complete eradication of the forest, to create clearings for the expansion of agriculture, even at high altitudes. Despite the many changes that man ...
... the Italian peninsula, traces of a common history may still be found. They are made up of woodland “domestication” practices or, in more drastic cases, complete eradication of the forest, to create clearings for the expansion of agriculture, even at high altitudes. Despite the many changes that man ...
grazer diversity, functional redundancy, and productivity in seagrass
... 1977, Heck and Thoman 1984, Thayer et al. 1984, Fredette et al. 1990). Most of the resident grazing invertebrates appear to be generalist epiphyte and detritus feeders (Orth and van Montfrans 1984, Jernakoff et al. 1996). Despite much attention to the potential importance of epiphyte grazers in enha ...
... 1977, Heck and Thoman 1984, Thayer et al. 1984, Fredette et al. 1990). Most of the resident grazing invertebrates appear to be generalist epiphyte and detritus feeders (Orth and van Montfrans 1984, Jernakoff et al. 1996). Despite much attention to the potential importance of epiphyte grazers in enha ...
Daphnia as keystone predators - Orlando Sarnelle
... from estimates of average cell volume, assuming that phytoplankton have a specific gravity of 1 and a dry : wet mass ratio of 0.10 (Rieman and Falter, 1981). To assess Daphnia’s effects on phytoplankton assemblage structure, relative abundance data for the 10 most common species were subjected to pr ...
... from estimates of average cell volume, assuming that phytoplankton have a specific gravity of 1 and a dry : wet mass ratio of 0.10 (Rieman and Falter, 1981). To assess Daphnia’s effects on phytoplankton assemblage structure, relative abundance data for the 10 most common species were subjected to pr ...
Competitive Response Hierarchies for Germination
... using SYSTAT (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). A significant finding from a Friedman ANOVA allows us to reject the null hypothesis that ranks within components of fitness are randomly organized and accept the notion that rankings of competitive ability are similar for different components of fitness. ...
... using SYSTAT (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). A significant finding from a Friedman ANOVA allows us to reject the null hypothesis that ranks within components of fitness are randomly organized and accept the notion that rankings of competitive ability are similar for different components of fitness. ...
Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem stability: distinguishing between
... of field work; editors and anonymous reviewers have brought part of this work to publication. Karin Boos helped me during the copy edition and printing process. Prof. Dr. Christian Wiencke found always the way to fund materials, trips, and personnel (me). Andreas Wagner gave valuable technical assis ...
... of field work; editors and anonymous reviewers have brought part of this work to publication. Karin Boos helped me during the copy edition and printing process. Prof. Dr. Christian Wiencke found always the way to fund materials, trips, and personnel (me). Andreas Wagner gave valuable technical assis ...
Endangered, apparently: the role of apparent competition in
... (H olt, 1984; Snyder, B orer & C hesson, 2005; T ilm an, 2007). In a previous section, we discussed niche overlap, o r the sym patry o f species’ resource requirem ents in en vironm en tal space. H ere we consider th e spatial arran g em en t of en v ironm ental niche resources, w hich determ ines ...
... (H olt, 1984; Snyder, B orer & C hesson, 2005; T ilm an, 2007). In a previous section, we discussed niche overlap, o r the sym patry o f species’ resource requirem ents in en vironm en tal space. H ere we consider th e spatial arran g em en t of en v ironm ental niche resources, w hich determ ines ...
Enos Lake Benthic and Limnetic Threespine Stickleback Species
... The Enos Lake Benthic and Limnetic Threespine Sticklebacks were small-bodied (up to about 60 mm total length) freshwater fish species derived from the marine Threespine Stickleback. They were one of a handful of sympatric, reproductively isolated species pairs that occur in lakes in a restricted are ...
... The Enos Lake Benthic and Limnetic Threespine Sticklebacks were small-bodied (up to about 60 mm total length) freshwater fish species derived from the marine Threespine Stickleback. They were one of a handful of sympatric, reproductively isolated species pairs that occur in lakes in a restricted are ...
Hunters´ landscape accessibility and daily activity of ungulates in
... ungulate populations. However, little is known about other potential effects of hunting on these species. This study aims to analyze the effect of landscape accessibility to hunters on the daily activities of ungulates in Yasuní Biosphere Reserve, a protected area located in the Amazon region of Ecu ...
... ungulate populations. However, little is known about other potential effects of hunting on these species. This study aims to analyze the effect of landscape accessibility to hunters on the daily activities of ungulates in Yasuní Biosphere Reserve, a protected area located in the Amazon region of Ecu ...
The state of knowledge about insect pollination in Norway
... examples of such highly specialized interactions. One is the globeflower (Trollius europaeus), which is pollinated by flies in the Chiastocheta genus (Diptera, Anthomyiidae), the females of which lay eggs in the ovaries of the flower. Another is the northern wolf ’s-bane (Aconitum lycoctonum), which ...
... examples of such highly specialized interactions. One is the globeflower (Trollius europaeus), which is pollinated by flies in the Chiastocheta genus (Diptera, Anthomyiidae), the females of which lay eggs in the ovaries of the flower. Another is the northern wolf ’s-bane (Aconitum lycoctonum), which ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.