bird species richness in relation to isolation of aspen habitats
... not observed in conifer: Northern Flicker, Red-naped Sapsucker, Hairy Woodpecker, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Western Wood-Peewee, Tree Swallow, House Wren, and Brewer’s Blackbird. Some of these species, such as the Red-naped Sapsucker may require aspen for survival and reproduction (Reynolds and Finch ...
... not observed in conifer: Northern Flicker, Red-naped Sapsucker, Hairy Woodpecker, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Western Wood-Peewee, Tree Swallow, House Wren, and Brewer’s Blackbird. Some of these species, such as the Red-naped Sapsucker may require aspen for survival and reproduction (Reynolds and Finch ...
in the Rio Conejos of southern Colorado
... species. New or important corroborative life history data are presented for 11 stonefly species of this assemblage. The hyporheic nymphal development of most chloroperlid species limited the number of early instars sampled and our capacity to interpret voltinism. Limited nymphal data suggested a uni ...
... species. New or important corroborative life history data are presented for 11 stonefly species of this assemblage. The hyporheic nymphal development of most chloroperlid species limited the number of early instars sampled and our capacity to interpret voltinism. Limited nymphal data suggested a uni ...
1 - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... an environmental gradient. The rules we find have to transcend in their generality ones of the type: ...
... an environmental gradient. The rules we find have to transcend in their generality ones of the type: ...
patterns of cowbird parasitism in the southern atlantic coastal plain
... ABSTRACT.—Until recently, little information was available on patterns of brood parasitism by Brownheaded Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the southeastern United States, a region into which cowbirds expanded their range only during the last half of the Twentieth Century and where their abundance is rel ...
... ABSTRACT.—Until recently, little information was available on patterns of brood parasitism by Brownheaded Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the southeastern United States, a region into which cowbirds expanded their range only during the last half of the Twentieth Century and where their abundance is rel ...
Mid-Atlantic/Southern New England BCR Plan
... soils allows for a variety of habitats and the BCR contains many high priority habitats, including maritime marshes and dunes, grasslands, and mature deciduous forests. The coastline is characterized by dune fields, beaches, lagoons, embayments, and barrier islands (USDA Forest Service Ecoregions, h ...
... soils allows for a variety of habitats and the BCR contains many high priority habitats, including maritime marshes and dunes, grasslands, and mature deciduous forests. The coastline is characterized by dune fields, beaches, lagoons, embayments, and barrier islands (USDA Forest Service Ecoregions, h ...
Homogenization, Differentiation, and the Widespread Alteration of
... may be a transitory phenomenon as fish eventually spread through natural and human-assisted means (Rahel 2004; Unmack, and Fagan 2004; Johnson et al. 2008). For example, a strong positive relationship between time since introduction and the number of occupied basins was reported for nonnative fishes ...
... may be a transitory phenomenon as fish eventually spread through natural and human-assisted means (Rahel 2004; Unmack, and Fagan 2004; Johnson et al. 2008). For example, a strong positive relationship between time since introduction and the number of occupied basins was reported for nonnative fishes ...
Using phylogeographic analyses of gene trees to test species status
... user-defined distances between sampling locations can also be entered into the programme. In this case, the Dc is the average pairwise user-defined distance between individuals bearing haplotypes from the same clade. The Dn in this case is the average pairwise distance of individuals bearing a haplo ...
... user-defined distances between sampling locations can also be entered into the programme. In this case, the Dc is the average pairwise user-defined distance between individuals bearing haplotypes from the same clade. The Dn in this case is the average pairwise distance of individuals bearing a haplo ...
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1 - Mercer Island School District
... explain that the growth pattern of many populations form a logistic curve (S shaped) in which there is initially exponential growth which if followed by a leveling off of population growth due to limited availability of resources or other factors. Be able to define carrying capacity. ...
... explain that the growth pattern of many populations form a logistic curve (S shaped) in which there is initially exponential growth which if followed by a leveling off of population growth due to limited availability of resources or other factors. Be able to define carrying capacity. ...
Least-Cost Input Mixtures of Water and Nitrogen for Photosynthesis
... incorporated in sugar intermediates, and water is the medium in which nutrients and photoassimilates are transported around the plant. Economic analogies have often been used to describe the way plants operate, with resources such as water, nitrogen, and carbon viewed as currencies that can be acqui ...
... incorporated in sugar intermediates, and water is the medium in which nutrients and photoassimilates are transported around the plant. Economic analogies have often been used to describe the way plants operate, with resources such as water, nitrogen, and carbon viewed as currencies that can be acqui ...
Study Guide for Ecology Test 1
... explain that the growth pattern of many populations form a logistic curve (S shaped) in which there is initially exponential growth which if followed by a leveling off of population growth due to limited availability of resources or other factors. Be able to define carrying capacity. ...
... explain that the growth pattern of many populations form a logistic curve (S shaped) in which there is initially exponential growth which if followed by a leveling off of population growth due to limited availability of resources or other factors. Be able to define carrying capacity. ...
Functional diversity within a morphologically conservative genus of
... commonly used criteria (trophic level, guild, taxon, etc.). The competitive exclusion principle and the concept of limiting similarity suggest that if equivalence exists, it is most likely among closely related, morphologically similar species that use similar resources in a similar manner (Fox 1987 ...
... commonly used criteria (trophic level, guild, taxon, etc.). The competitive exclusion principle and the concept of limiting similarity suggest that if equivalence exists, it is most likely among closely related, morphologically similar species that use similar resources in a similar manner (Fox 1987 ...
Ecosystem resistance to invasion and the role of
... to a region of the propagule supply axis where many fewer propagules are required for invasion to occur. By contrast, strong abiotic resistance is less likely to be overwhelmed by high propagule pressure and if determined largely by soil factors, is likely to be relatively constant over space and ti ...
... to a region of the propagule supply axis where many fewer propagules are required for invasion to occur. By contrast, strong abiotic resistance is less likely to be overwhelmed by high propagule pressure and if determined largely by soil factors, is likely to be relatively constant over space and ti ...
Legume species identity and soil nitrogen supply elevated atmospheric [CO
... The δ15N of N derived from fixation (δ15Nfixed N or ‘Bvalue’) can be depleted more than atmospheric δ15N (= 0) and is often between −1 and −2‰ (Shearer & Kohl, 1991). This depletion is attributed to discrimination against the heavier isotope during N fixation and transfer to the plant. Therefore, an ...
... The δ15N of N derived from fixation (δ15Nfixed N or ‘Bvalue’) can be depleted more than atmospheric δ15N (= 0) and is often between −1 and −2‰ (Shearer & Kohl, 1991). This depletion is attributed to discrimination against the heavier isotope during N fixation and transfer to the plant. Therefore, an ...
Evolutionary determinants of morphological polymorphism
... evolutionarily primitive condition (Banta 1973; Cheetham 1973; Cheetham et al. 2006; Silén 1977). Polymorphic zooids within a single colony may differ more from each other than even the most extreme members of discrete social insect castes (Wilson 1975). Moreover, the number and frequency of differ ...
... evolutionarily primitive condition (Banta 1973; Cheetham 1973; Cheetham et al. 2006; Silén 1977). Polymorphic zooids within a single colony may differ more from each other than even the most extreme members of discrete social insect castes (Wilson 1975). Moreover, the number and frequency of differ ...
Correlating species and spectral diversities using hyperspectral
... intraspecific variability, chlorophyll was more varied within species than carotenoids and anthocyanins, contributing to the lack of correlation between species diversity and spectral diversity in the red-edge region. Interspecific differences in pigment levels, however, made it possible to differe ...
... intraspecific variability, chlorophyll was more varied within species than carotenoids and anthocyanins, contributing to the lack of correlation between species diversity and spectral diversity in the red-edge region. Interspecific differences in pigment levels, however, made it possible to differe ...
Ecological and Evolutionary Drivers of Geographic Variation in
... In order to test the mechanisms driving regional diversity, one needs to define the world’s regions and quantify the diversity within them. Ideally, these regions should represent independent replicates and thus not overlap too much in species composition ( Jetz & Fine 2012). Comprehensive lists of ...
... In order to test the mechanisms driving regional diversity, one needs to define the world’s regions and quantify the diversity within them. Ideally, these regions should represent independent replicates and thus not overlap too much in species composition ( Jetz & Fine 2012). Comprehensive lists of ...
Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in Streams Affected By
... trophic position in the same site (Figure 8, 9). It is likely that this niche diversity and redundancy allow for the system to run leaner and allow fewer resources to escape without recycling. More diverse systems may also be more resilient to short term pulse disturbances because if one species rap ...
... trophic position in the same site (Figure 8, 9). It is likely that this niche diversity and redundancy allow for the system to run leaner and allow fewer resources to escape without recycling. More diverse systems may also be more resilient to short term pulse disturbances because if one species rap ...
Variability and shifts in marine ecosystems
... and attributing effects of climate change (whether in distribution, abundance or phenology) (mention Perkinsus – oyster parasite, as a good example which combines observation and modelling to determine causes) The geographic and biotic coverage of this presentation is itself limited ...
... and attributing effects of climate change (whether in distribution, abundance or phenology) (mention Perkinsus – oyster parasite, as a good example which combines observation and modelling to determine causes) The geographic and biotic coverage of this presentation is itself limited ...
Ecosystem Loss and Fragmentation: Synthesis
... (Roper and Roberts, 1999, based on FAO figures). While there is no question that forest loss and fragmentation is substantial, determining the exact rate of these losses globally is complex (Roper and Roberts, 1999). While determining rates at smaller, local scales is often easier (Skole and Tucker, ...
... (Roper and Roberts, 1999, based on FAO figures). While there is no question that forest loss and fragmentation is substantial, determining the exact rate of these losses globally is complex (Roper and Roberts, 1999). While determining rates at smaller, local scales is often easier (Skole and Tucker, ...
Demographic controls of aboveground forest biomass across North
... demographic performance. We distinguish four cases, depicted conceptually in Fig. 2. In the first case, we expect that species performance does not change across clusters, and that community-level growth or mortality is determined only by the relative abundance of species with different demographic ...
... demographic performance. We distinguish four cases, depicted conceptually in Fig. 2. In the first case, we expect that species performance does not change across clusters, and that community-level growth or mortality is determined only by the relative abundance of species with different demographic ...
Behavioral Interactions Among Four Species of the Salamander
... Sutherland 1976). The determination of whether one or both of these factors are producing the structure seen in the genus Desmognathus has broad implications for community ecology. One way to test for the presence of competitioninteractions among these based and predation-based species is to perform ...
... Sutherland 1976). The determination of whether one or both of these factors are producing the structure seen in the genus Desmognathus has broad implications for community ecology. One way to test for the presence of competitioninteractions among these based and predation-based species is to perform ...
IMPLICATIONS OF PLANT DIVERSITY AND SOIL CHEMICAL
... community composition and ecology of long-established biological communities (Davis 2003). Although not all introduced plants become invasive, many plants may escape cultivation and become agricultural pests, infest lawns as weeds, displace native plant species, reduce wildlife habitat, and alter ec ...
... community composition and ecology of long-established biological communities (Davis 2003). Although not all introduced plants become invasive, many plants may escape cultivation and become agricultural pests, infest lawns as weeds, displace native plant species, reduce wildlife habitat, and alter ec ...
Chapter 54(Community Ecology)
... • Character displacement is a tendency for characteristics to be more divergent in sympatric populations of two species than in allopatric populations of the same two species • An example is variation in beak size between populations of two species of Galápagos ...
... • Character displacement is a tendency for characteristics to be more divergent in sympatric populations of two species than in allopatric populations of the same two species • An example is variation in beak size between populations of two species of Galápagos ...
populations
... • Competitive exclusion principle: species cannot survive competition if they compete directly in many respects • In simple habitats with species needing the same resources ...
... • Competitive exclusion principle: species cannot survive competition if they compete directly in many respects • In simple habitats with species needing the same resources ...
ktf0482
... areas where submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) or seepage occurs rather than in estuaries (Ruwa and Polk, 1986). Mangrove forests in Kenya are currently being heavily exploited (Kokwaro, 1986) especially in urban areas where they are under environmental stress due to uncontrolled disposal of dome ...
... areas where submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) or seepage occurs rather than in estuaries (Ruwa and Polk, 1986). Mangrove forests in Kenya are currently being heavily exploited (Kokwaro, 1986) especially in urban areas where they are under environmental stress due to uncontrolled disposal of dome ...